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Viral infections during pregnancy lead to a spectrum of maternal and fetal outcomes, ranging from asymptomatic disease to more critical conditions presenting with severe maternal morbidity, stillbirth, preterm birth, intrauterine growth restriction, and fetal congenital anomalies, either apparent at birth or later in life. In this article, we review the pathogenesis of several viral infections that are particularly relevant in the context of pregnancy and intrauterine inflammation. Understanding the diverse mechanisms employed by viral pathogens as well as the repertoire of immune responses induced in the mother may help to establish novel therapeutic options to attenuate changes in the maternal-fetal interface and prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7944452 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01381-19 | DOI Listing |
Cell Physiol Biochem
September 2025
Department of Histology and Embryology and Vascular Biology Student Research Club, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland, E-Mail:
Migrasomes are newly discovered, migration-dependent organelles that mediate the release of cellular contents into the extracellular environment through a process known as migracytosis. Since their identification in 2014, growing evidence has highlighted their critical roles in intercellular communication, organ development, mitochondrial quality control, and disease pathogenesis. Migrasome biogenesis is a complex, multi-step process tightly regulated by lipid composition, tetraspanin-enriched microdomains, and molecular pathways involving sphingomyelin synthase 2, Rab35, and integrins.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGut Liver
September 2025
Department of Liver Diseases, The Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, National Institute of Global Health and Medicine, Japan Institute for Health Security, Ichikawa, Japan.
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) clearance markedly reduces the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, HCC continues to develop in a subset of patients, particularly in those with advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis. Leading hepatology societies, including Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver, European Association for the Study of the Liver, American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, Korean Association for the Study of the Liver, Taiwan Association for the Study of the Liver, and Japan Society of Hepatology, have issued divergent guidelines for HCC surveillance after sustained virologic response, which reflects variations in regional patient populations, healthcare infrastructure, and policy priorities. While traditional risk stratification primarily centers on histological staging of fibrosis, an array of additional host-related factors, including age, sex, alcohol use, metabolic comorbidities, and genetic and epigenetic profiles, further influence individual HCC risks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Med Virol
September 2025
Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, School of Medicine, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
Kaposi sarcoma (KS) remains a global health concern. In sub-Saharan Africa, where there is a high burden of HIV-1 infection, there is also a high prevalence of infection by the etiologic agent of KS, the KS-associated herpesvirus (KSHV). Despite the successes of antiretroviral treatment (ART), the burden of KS and other KSHV-associated malignancies among people living with HIV under ART remained high, stressing the need for a greater understanding of the immune response against KSHV infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHepatitis E virus (HEV) has emerged as a major agent of acute viral hepatitis, with zoonotic genotype 4 (HEV-4) representing a public health concern in China. In this study, we integrated province-wide enhanced hepatitis E surveillance data and molecular profiling from Shandong Province of eastern China, 2019-2023, with the aim of elucidating the epidemiology, genetic diversity, and clinical correlations of autochthonous HEV infections. In total, 5826 cases were reported during the study period, with 72.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Med Virol
September 2025
Department of Gynaecology, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a leading cause of cervical cancer worldwide. While prophylactic vaccines exist, many women remain at risk due to prior exposure or limited access to vaccination. Current treatments focus on ablating visible lesions but often fail to clear the virus completely.
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