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Iron (Fe) deficiency in humans is a widespread problem worldwide. Fe biofortification of rice (Oryza sativa) is a promising approach to address human Fe deficiency. Since its conceptualization, various biofortification strategies have been developed, some of which have resulted in significant increases in grain Fe concentration. However, there are still many aspects that have not yet been addressed in the studies to date. In this review, we first overview the important rice Fe biofortification strategies reported to date and the complications associated with them. Next, we highlight the key outstanding questions and hypotheses related to rice Fe biofortification. Finally, we make suggestions for the direction of future rice biofortification studies.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraa446 | DOI Listing |
J Plant Physiol
August 2025
State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, National Agricultural Experimental Station for Soil Quality, Jinan, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment of Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Shandong Academy
Iron (Fe) toxicity in rice presents a paradox: excessive soil Fe in tropical flooded soils reduces yields by 15-30 %, yet edible grains remain Fe-deficient, worsening global "hidden hunger", which affects 1.72 billion people. This paradox arises from inefficient Fe translocation from roots to grains and complex research landscapes: field, pot, and hydroponic studies yield conflicting tolerance rankings, hindering mechanistic insights.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Agric Food Chem
September 2025
Graduate School of Green-Bio Science and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea.
Nicotianamine synthases regulate the biosynthesis of two mineral chelators key for rice grain biofortification, nicotianamine (NA) and 2'-deoxymugineic acid (DMA). We produced transgenic rice expressing under the promoter () and mutated in these () and the wild-type () to enhance essential mineral accumulation in grains while lowering phytic acid (PA) levels. NA and DMA contents were higher in the brown grains of , , and plants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFoods
August 2025
Dongting Laboratory, Hunan Institute of Agricultural Product Processing and Quality Safety, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China.
Germination is an effective strategy for enhancing functional and processing characteristics of whole grains. This research aimed to explore the changes of nutritional components, physicochemical properties, in vitro digestibility, and microstructural characteristics of black rice flour (BRF) during 0-48 h germination. The results showed that germination significantly induced α-amylase activation of BRF, from 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Sci
August 2025
Rice Research Institute, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China. Electronic address:
R2R3-MYB transcription factors (TFs) are key regulators of plant development, stress responses, and secondary metabolism, with a central role in anthocyanin biosynthesis. However, a comprehensive understanding of the R2R3-MYB TFs involved in anthocyanin accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) remains limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Sci (Weinh)
August 2025
Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
Identifying genes involved in folate accumulation is critical for elucidating the regulatory mechanisms of folate metabolism and breeding folate-rich crops. Here, a natural A-to-G variation at the 682nd bp is identified in the coding sequence of an identified plant gene glutamate formiminotransferase (GFT) in maize, leading to a glycine-to-asparagine substitution at the 228th in the protein sequence and contributing to the variation of folate accumulation in mature seeds of a maize inbred line population. This gene encodes a protein highly similar to the formiminotransferase domain of mammalian formiminotransferase cyclodeaminase.
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