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This article reports the translation into German and validation of two self-report measures of mind-wandering and boredom (the Spontaneous and Deliberate Mind-Wandering Scales and the Short Boredom Proneness Scale). Confirmatory factor analyses provided support for the original conceptualization of the constructs. To evaluate measurement invariance across samples, data were collected in a German-speaking sample ( = 418) and an English-speaking sample ( = 364). The results indicated weak measurement invariance. To explore the interplay between mind-wandering and boredom, we performed an exploratory graph analysis in the entire sample ( = 782), which revealed the structure of relationships between boredom and the two facets of mind-wandering. The results are discussed in the context of theoretical accounts of boredom and mind-wandering.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073191120936336 | DOI Listing |
Creat Res J
June 2023
Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
Despite an established body of research characterizing how creative individuals explore their world, relatively little is known about how such individuals navigate their , especially in unstructured contexts such as periods of awake rest. Across two studies, the present manuscript tested the hypothesis that creative individuals are more engaged with their idle thoughts and more associative in the dynamic transitions between them. Study 1 captured the real-time conscious experiences of 81 adults as they voiced aloud the content of their mind moment-by-moment across a 10-minute unconstrained baseline period.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFConscious Cogn
September 2024
University of Waterloo, Department of Psychology, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada. Electronic address:
Participants completed two sessions of an auditory attention task and intermittently responded to thought probes asking about their level of mind-wandering. After the first session one group received 200 mg of caffeinated chewing gum (n = 61) and another group received regular (placebo) chewing gum (n = 66). The gum was chewed for 20-minutes and then disposed of before beginning the second session.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCogn Emot
November 2024
Department of Sport Science, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
We studied the role of time in the experience of boredom and its relationship with various psychological states using virtual reality. Sixty-six participants visited nine virtual waiting rooms and evaluated their perception of time and psychological experiences, including boredom, exhaustion, restlessness, amotivation, frustration, anger, unhappiness, spontaneous and deliberate mind-wandering, fantasy, and absorption. Results confirmed the relationship between boredom and time perception, showing that the higher the levels of boredom, the slower time seems to pass.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2024
Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
Recurrent involuntary autobiographical memories (IAMs) are memories retrieved unintentionally and repetitively. We examined whether the phenomenology and content of recurrent IAMs could differentiate boredom and depression, both of which are characterized by affective dysregulation and spontaneous thought. Participants (n = 2484) described their most frequent IAM and rated its phenomenological properties (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHealthcare (Basel)
February 2023
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95121 Catania, Italy.
The smoking addiction of patients with severe mental disorders has consequences not only for the patients but also for the people around them. This is qualitative research on family and friends of patients with Schizophrenia spectrum disorders to investigate their perception and vision of smoking, its impact on the patients' physical and mental health, and the possible attempts to combat addiction. The research also investigates the participants' views on electronic cigarettes as a means of replacing traditional cigarettes and helping the patient to quit smoking.
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