Category Ranking

98%

Total Visits

921

Avg Visit Duration

2 minutes

Citations

20

Article Abstract

Background: Metformin may reduce cancer risk and mortality and improve radiotherapy responses in several malignancies.

Objective: This study aimed to compare tumor responses and prognoses of metformin and nonmetformin groups of diabetic patients receiving neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer.

Design: This is a retrospective study.

Setting: This study was conducted at a single institution in the Republic of Korea.

Patients: Between January 2000 and November 2017, 104 patients with rectal cancer who were taking diabetes medication and treated with neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy followed by radical surgery were reviewed. Patients were divided into those taking (n = 62) and not taking metformin (n = 42). Tumor responses, survival, and other outcomes were analyzed.

Main Outcome Measures: Tumor response, rectal cancer-specific survival, and disease-free survival rates were measured.

Results: Tumor regression grade (p = 0.002), pathological complete response (p = 0.037), and N downstaging (p < 0.001) after neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy were significantly higher in the metformin group than in the nonmetformin group. In analysis of cancer-specific mortality, metformin use, differentiation (well, moderate vs poor), pathological Union for International Cancer Control stage (3 vs 1-2), ypN stage (1-2 vs 0), and N downstaging (HR, 0.256 (95% CI, 0.082-0.794), p = 0.018; HR, 0.147 (95% CI, 0.031-0.697), p = 0.016; HR, 3.693 (95% CI, 1.283-10.635), p = 0.015; HR, 3.181 (95% CI, 1.155-8.759), p = 0.025, and HR, 0.175 (95% CI, 0.040-0.769), p = 0.021) were significant factors related to mortality in diabetic patients with rectal cancer. In addition, in the multivariate analysis of cancer recurrence, the interaction between metformin use and lymph node downstaging was a significant predictive factor (HR, 0.222 (95% CI, 0.077-0.639); p = 0.005).

Limitations: This was a small retrospective study conducted at a single institution.

Conclusions: Metformin use was associated with better tumor responses and cancer-specific survival, as well as a lower risk of cancer recurrence, in patients with diabetes mellitus who had lymph node downstaging after neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/B185. BENEFICIO EN SUPERVIVENCIA CON METFORMINA A TRAVÉS DE UNA MEJOR RESPUESTA TUMORAL CON QUIMIORRADIOTERAPIA CONCURRENTE NEOADYUVANTE EN CÁNCER RECTAL: La metformina puede reducir el riesgo de cáncer y la mortalidad y mejorar las respuestas a la radioterapia en varios tumores malignos.Comparar las respuestas tumorales y los pronósticos de los grupos con metformina y sin metformina de pacientes diabéticos que reciben quimiorradioterapia concurrente neoadyuvante para cáncer de recto.Estudio retrospectivo.Institución única en la República de Corea.Se revisaron 104 pacientes entre enero de 2000 y noviembre de 2017, con cáncer rectal que tomaban medicamentos para diabetes y que fueron tratados con quimiorradioterapia concurrente neoadyuvante seguida de cirugía radical. Los pacientes se dividieron en aquellos que tomaban (n = 62) y los que no tomaban metformina (n = 42). Se analizaron las respuestas tumorales, la supervivencia y otros resultados.Se midieron las tasas de la respuesta tumoral, la supervivencia específica de cáncer rectal y de la supervivencia libre de enfermedad.El grado de regresión tumoral (p = 0.002), la remisión patológica completa (p = 0.037) y la reducción de la etapa N (p < 0.001) después de la quimiorradioterapia concurrente neoadyuvante fueron significativamente mayores en el grupo de metformina que en el grupo sin metformina. En el análisis de la mortalidad específica por cáncer, el uso de metformina, la diferenciación (bien, moderada vs pobre), el estadio patológico UICC (3 vs 1-2), el estadio ypN (1-2 vs 0) y la disminución de la etapa N (hazard ratios [intervalos de confianza 95%]: 0.256 [0.082-0.794], p = 0.018; 0.147 [0.031-0.697], p = 0.016; 3.693 [1.283-10.635], p = 0.015; 3.181 [1.155-8.759], p = 0.025 y 0.175 [0.040-0.769], p = 0.021, respectivamente) fueron factores significativos relacionados con la mortalidad en pacientes diabéticos con cáncer rectal. Adicionalmente, en el análisis multivariado de la recurrencia del cáncer, la interacción entre el uso de metformina y la disminución de la etapa ganglionar (N) fue un factor predictivo significativo (hazard ratios [intervalos de confianza del 95%]: 0.222 [0.077-0.639]; p = 0.005).Este fue un estudio retrospectivo pequeño realizado en un solo instituto.El uso de metformina se asoció con mejores respuestas tumorales y supervivencia específica de cáncer, así como un menor riesgo de recurrencia del cáncer, en pacientes con disminución de la etapa ganglionar (N) después de quimiorradioterapia concurrente neoadyuvante en pacientes con cáncer rectal y diabetes. Consulte Video Resumen en http://links.lww.com/DCR/B185. (Traducción-Dr. Jorge Silva Velazco).

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/DCR.0000000000001624DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

neoadjuvant concurrent
20
concurrent chemoradiotherapy
20
quimiorradioterapia concurrente
20
concurrente neoadyuvante
20
rectal cancer
16
cáncer rectal
16
chemoradiotherapy rectal
12
tumor responses
12
las respuestas
12
respuestas tumorales
12

Similar Publications

Introduction: Colorectal cancer is the third most prevalent malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) improves survival and increases curative surgery rates in rectal cancer. C20orf56, a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), plays diverse roles in cancer, but its association with neoadjuvant CCRT response and prognosis in rectal cancer remains unexplored.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) is the standard of care for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC), yet distant metastasis remains the predominant cause of treatment failure. Two phase III randomized trials have investigated the efficacy of adjuvant capecitabine following CCRT, with or without neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the impact of adjuvant capecitabine on survival outcomes and treatment-related toxicity in LA-NPC.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: The optimal regimen and chemotherapy intensity are still under investigation for neoadjuvant treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). The CinClare trial has demonstrated improved pathologic complete response (pCR) with the addition of irinotecan to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) guided by uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) genotype in LARC. Here, we report the 5-year follow-up outcomes of the CinClare study.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Fungating testicular germ cell tumours represent a rare and extreme manifestation of neglected testicular cancer. These cases typically arise after significant delays in presentation, reflecting advanced local disease and, in many instances, concurrent metastatic spread. We present the case of a 41 year-old man with a year-long history of a progressively enlarging, ulcerated scrotal mass.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) remains challenging to treat due to high recurrence rates and limited therapeutic options, particularly for patients with high-risk features. This prospective, multicenter, single-arm, open-label phase 2 trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05300269) evaluated the efficacy and safety of SHR-1701, a novel bifunctional fusion protein targeting both PD-L1 and TGF-β, in combination with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) followed by total mesorectal excision (TME) for high-risk LARC.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF