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The management of mucosal leishmaniasis in immunocompromised patients is not standardized and limited data are available on the use of miltefosine for treatment and secondary prophylaxis. We describe a case of mucosal leishmaniasis in an HIV-coinfected patient treated with miltefosine due to a severe allergic reaction to liposomal amphotericin B.
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Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz
September 2025
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Background: Parasite antigens and plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels from luminal origin in visceral leishmaniasis (VL) patients are correlated with cellular activation and low CD4+T cell counts.
Objectives: Our aim was to verify whether Leishmania infantum infection damages the intestinal barrier and whether combination antimonial/antibiotic contributes to the reduction of LPS levels and immune activation.
Methods: Golden hamsters were grouped in: G1-uninfected; G2-infected with L.
Travel Med Infect Dis
September 2025
Hospital for Tropical Diseases, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust. London, UK; Clinical Research Department, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Introduction: Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania. Disease phenotypes are heterogenous, and diagnosis is frequently delayed. Treatment is often challenging, and international guidelines recommend consultation with experts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCase Rep Dent
August 2025
Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
The primary objective of the present study is the retrospective analysis of a clinical case of oral leishmaniasis treated at Parma Hospital and a review of the literature on mucosal leishmaniasis (ML) with oral cavity involvement. We report the case of a patient diagnosed in 2017 with mucocutaneous leishmaniasis who was referred to our clinic due to the emergence of oral manifestations. Through a detailed review of the clinical documentation, we aim to describe the clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment choices made, and evolution of the disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Negl Trop Dis
August 2025
Dermatovenerology Department, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is clinically classified into localized (LCL), mucocutaneous (MCL) and diffuse (DCL) types. While conducting a treatment study on CL at two sites in Ethiopia (Boru Meda and Gondar), differences in opinion in the classification of CL became apparent. The lack of uniformly understandable classifications has made comparison and generalizability of research findings challenging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Med Genomics
August 2025
Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Introduction: Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is a vector-borne disease caused by a protozoan parasite and considered a public health challenge in many countries, including Iran. Recent research has focused on the role of Leishmania RNA virus (LRV) in the pathogenesis of cutaneous and mucosal forms of leishmaniasis. This study assessed the presence of LRV2 and its genotype diversity among isolates in Ilam province, western Iran, an old focus of Zoonotic CL.
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