Sporadic lymphangioleiomyomatosis in young female patient: A case report and review of the literature.

Introduction And Importance: Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare disorder of unknown cause which mostly affects young females and involving multi organ system with primarily involving lung.

Presentation Of Case: A 35 year's old female Ethiopian known hypertension patient from Debre Tabor, Ethiopia, Africa; presented with progressively increasing cough with blood tingled sputum of 1-2 Arabic coffee cup per day, progressively increasing exertional shortness of breath and easy fatigability seven years back. Hypertensive and desaturate to level of 88 % at atmospheric air.

Patient safety culture and associated factors among pharmacy professionals working in Bahir Dar City public hospitals using a pharmacy survey on patient safety culture (PSOPSC).

Background: Adverse events resulting from medical care continue to be a significant cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Many individuals experience harm due to medical errors, particularly in developing nations. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the patient safety culture among pharmacy professionals employed in public hospitals within Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia.

Genetic and economic efficiencies of alternative breeding schemes for improvement of local breeds in low-input production systems: The case of the Farta sheep in Northwest Ethiopia.

Designing and implementing a sound breeding program is essential for sustainably improving livestock productivity. This study evaluated the efficiencies of three breeding schemes for sustainable genetic improvement of indigenous sheep in low-input production systems. The schemes were one-stage selection at six months (Scheme I) or yearling age (Scheme II) and two-stage selections with the first at six months and the second at the yearling age (Scheme III).

Effect of Salt Concentrations on the Proximate Composition, Microbial Load, and Sensory Attributes of Dry-Salted Species.

Salting is a traditional fish preservation method that reduces moisture content, enhances shelf life, and improves sensory attributes. In Lake Tana, inconsistent salt application by fishers affects preservation effectiveness, highlighting the need to determine optimal salt concentrations for improved fish quality. The objective of this study was to assess how varying salt concentrations influence the proximate composition, microbial counts, and sensory characteristics of spp.

Podoconiosis: A Comprehensive clinical review and Strategies for Control and Elimination.

Podoconiosis, a neglected tropical disease, manifests as non-filarial lymphedema, primarily affecting the lower limbs. It arises due to prolonged exposure of bare feet to irritant red clay soils in genetically susceptible individuals. The disease is preventable and manageable but remains a public health challenge in endemic areas, including several countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America.

Screening for symptoms of depression, anxiety and associated factors among leprosy patients at referral hospitals in the Amhara region, Ethiopia.

Background: Leprosy, a neglected tropical disease (NTD), is closely associated with stigma and discrimination, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, which significantly worsen mental health challenges. In Ethiopia's Amhara region, leprosy accounts for 26.1% of cases, often leading to stigma, isolation, and increased depression and anxiety risk.

Burden of tuberculosis in Eastern Africa region from 1990-2021: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease 2021 Study.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB), despite being a preventable and curable disease, remains a leading infectious cause of death. In Eastern Africa, TB poses a significant public health challenge. This study examined TB incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from 1990 to 2021.

CD4 cell count and viral load count association and its joint risk factors among adult TB/HIV co-infected patients: a retrospective follow-up study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine CD4 cell count and viral load count association and its joint clinical risk factors among adult TB/HIV co-infected patients. The purpose of this research was leads to contribute improved planning and execution of screening programs, regular follow-ups, and prevention measures.

Result: The baseline variability for viral load ([Formula: see text]) was higher than CD4 cell (819.

Multilevel spatial analysis of the determinants of advanced maternal age in Ethiopia: a secondary analysis of the 2019 Ethiopian mini demographic and health survey.

Background: Advanced maternal age (AMA), defined as giving birth at age 35 or older, is an increasingly significant public health concern worldwide. This study aimed to identify the socio-demographic and economic determinants of giving birth at AMA among women in Ethiopia and to explore the resulting health consequences for both mothers and children.

Methods: This study is a secondary analysis of data from 5517 women extracted from the 2019 Ethiopian Mini Demographic and Health Survey (EMDHS), a nationally representative cross-sectional survey.

Poverty and women's health in Somaliland: examining body mass index and maternal mortality.

Background: In low-resource settings, such as Somaliland, socio-economic disparities significantly impact women’s health outcomes, particularly in terms of nutrition and maternal health. Despite this, comprehensive analyses of the economic dimensions of these disparities remain limited. The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of socio-economic status on women’s health outcomes, focusing on the effect of poverty on body mass index (BMI) and maternal mortality in Somaliland.

Machine learning algorithms for voltage stability assessment in electrical distribution systems.

Voltage instability poses a significant challenge by limiting power system operation and transmission capacity. Rapid detection and effective corrective actions are essential to prevent voltage collapse. However, traditional methods for assessing voltage security margins are computationally intensive and often impractical for real-time applications.

Voltage stability assessment and improvement of Ethiopian 230 kv wind-integrated grid using SVC and continuation power flow in PSAT.

The increasing integration of wind energy into the Ethiopian 230 kV transmission grid introduces significant voltage stability challenges due to the intermittent and variable nature of wind power. The effects of Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) - based wind energy system penetration in power system have been investigated in this work. A Static Var Compensator (SVC) is employed to assess voltage stability limits, particularly the maximum loadability margin that ensures stable grid operation as wind penetration increases.

Ambiguities in cutaneous leishmaniasis classification and the need for consensus: Experience from Ethiopia.

Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is clinically classified into localized (LCL), mucocutaneous (MCL) and diffuse (DCL) types. While conducting a treatment study on CL at two sites in Ethiopia (Boru Meda and Gondar), differences in opinion in the classification of CL became apparent. The lack of uniformly understandable classifications has made comparison and generalizability of research findings challenging.

Perception of health professionals towards electronic prescription in a teaching hospital.

For many years, physicians have primarily relied on handwritten prescriptions to convey medication therapy decisions to pharmacists. However, in the past decade, electronic prescribing has emerged as the latest technological advancement, gradually replacing traditional paper prescriptions. There is evidence that design and technical issues, interoperability, data relevance, user attitudes toward e-prescribing, productivity, and available resources are key factors influencing the implementation of e-prescribing for users.

Performance analysis of concatenated Reed-Solomon and next generation polar codes for 6G communication systems.

Burst errors are common in high data rate communication, such as in the Six-Generation (6G) communication system, which degrades its ultra-high reliability requirements. In this study, we have demonstrated how Reed-Solomon codes can be combined with Fifth-Generation (5G) new Radio polar codes to correct burst errors for the 6G system. We have used serial and hybrid concatenating methods.

Evaluation of adherence to anti-rabies vaccination schedule and its predictive factors at Addis Alem hospital, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.

Rabies is a dangerous viral neglected tropical disease and infects humans, causing big problems for health authorities in Ethiopia. Though PEP is available, still there is insufficient awareness, difficulties of accessing to healthcare and logistics issues still make it hard for some to properly follow the rabies vaccination schedule. The primary aim of this study is to measure how properly the anti-rabies vaccine is given and to determine which factors influence the schedule among patients in Addis Alem General Hospital, Bahir Dar.

Synthesis and characterization of bio-based eco-friendly biofilm composites reinforced with waste eggshell powder.

This study investigates the synthesis and characterization of biomass base ecofriendly biofilm composites reinforced with waste eggshells, utilizing biowaste materials as sources of starch and plasticizer, with eggshells serving as a filler to enhance overall material properties. Reusing biowaste is important in reducing environmental waste and promoting sustainable practices. Findings reveal that increasing eggshell content from 15 to 60% significantly reduces moisture absorption from 18.

Parents' acceptance of human papilloma virus vaccination for their daughters in adet town, North Gojjam zone, Northwest Ethiopia: A mixed method study.

Human papilloma virus vaccination is an effective way to reduce cervical cancer. Although the health of adolescents is the priority goal across the globe, including Ethiopia, parent s' acceptance of Human papilloma virus vaccination for their daughters becomes a big challenge in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess parent's acceptance of human papilloma virus vaccination for their daughters and associated factors in Adet town, northwest Ethiopia, 2024.

Barriers and facilitators to facility-based feeding support for small and sick newborns in Ethiopia: a qualitative study of clinicians' perspectives.

Objectives: Breastfeeding is widely recognised as the optimal form of infant nutrition, with the WHO recommending initiation within the first hour after birth and exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months. However, small and sick newborns (SSNs) often face challenges in achieving recommended feeding practices, including in facility-based settings. This study explored clinicians' experiences and perspectives on SSN feeding support within selected facilities implementing the Saving Little Lives (SLL) programme in Ethiopia.

Examining the application of innovative ELT strategies in primary school EFL classrooms.

English language teaching strategies determine the practicality of effective language instruction. Their effectiveness, however, was not directly examined in the context of Ethiopian primary schools. This study aimed to explore primary school EFL teachers' innovative teaching strategies employment.

Spatial distribution and determinants of full package maternal health service utilization in Ethiopia using 2019 Mini Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey.

Antenatal Care, use of skilled delivery attendants, Institutional delivery and postnatal care services are key maternal health services that can significantly reduce maternal mortality. The objective of this study was to identify spatial distribution and factors that affect full package utilization of maternal health services in Ethiopia. Sampling weights were applied, and analyses were conducted using STATA version 17.

Comparisons of cox semi-parametric and parametric shared frailty models: application for under-five children survival in sub-Saharan Africa.

Background: The under-five child mortality in sub-Saharan African (sSA) countries is a persistent problem with limited effort being made to explore the determinants of disparities across countries and their lower administrative districts. A child's survival may depend on several known and unknown covariates and vary across the study areas. The main objective of this study is to assess the time to death of under-five children and its associated risk factors by comparing the performance of semiparametric and parametric frailty models across sSA regions.

Neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf extract mediated synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and their antibacterial activity.

In this study, we prepared zinc oxide nanoparticles using a quick, safe, and cost-effective method by reducing Zn(NO)·6HO solution with Neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf extract. Qualitative phytochemical screening and FT-IR spectroscopy measurements were employed to validate the presence of active biomolecules such as Flavonoids, phenols, alkaloids, terpenes and tannic compounds. FT-IR, UV-Vis, and XRD spectroscopic techniques were utilized to fully analyze the biosynthesized nanoparticles.

Health and Economic Burden of Rabies in Northwest Ethiopia.

Background: Rabies remains a significant threat to both public health and economic stability across many developing countries. The challenge of effectively managing and preventing rabies is compounded by insufficient quantitative data regarding its financial and health consequences. Despite Ethiopia being one of the most-affected countries in the world, data on the public health and economic burden of rabies are limited.

Individual-level and community-level factors for 10-year cardiovascular disease risk in Ethiopia: a retrospective, population-based, cross-sectional, observational study.

Background: No study has quantified the 10-year cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in individuals without previous CVD in Ethiopia using the latest 2019 WHO CVD risk equation. Our study aimed to quantify the proportion of the Ethiopian population with at least a 10% risk of developing primary CVD in the following 10 years, and to identify variations in risk associated with individual-level and community-level factors.

Methods: This retrospective, population-based, cross-sectional, observational study used data on Ethiopians aged 40-69 years from across enumeration areas sampled in the WHO STEPwise Approach to Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factor Surveillance (STEPS) national survey.