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Yeast surface display (YSD) is an ultra-high throughput method used in protein engineering. Protein-protein interactions as well as surface presentation on the yeast cell surface are verified through fluorophore-conjugated labeling agents.In this chapter we describe an improved setup for full-length surface presentation detection. To this end, we used a single open reading frame (ORF) encoding for the protein to be displayed and a 2A sequence and tGFP for an intracellular fluorescence signal. The 2A sequence allows the simultaneous generation of two separate proteins from the same ORF through ribosomal skipping. The entangled expression of the POI on the yeast surface and intracellular tGFP obviates the need for fluorescent staining steps.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9853-1_12 | DOI Listing |
J Fish Biol
September 2025
Education and Conservation Department, SeaWorld, San Diego, California, USA.
Drones are becoming increasingly useful in their ability to observe wildlife. They have been especially useful in documenting marine animals such as sharks. Here we present novel aerial drone observations of a previously unknown dorsal-fin behaviour in white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiotechnol Lett
September 2025
Department of Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sangsu-dong, Mapo-gu, Seoul, 04066, Republic of Korea.
The cell surface display system employs carrier proteins to present target proteins on the outer membrane of cells. This system enables functional proteins to be exposed on the exterior of living cells without cell lysis, allowing direct interaction with the surrounding environment. A major limitation of conventional approaches is the difficulty in displaying large-sized enzymes or antibodies, despite their critical roles in applications requiring functional domains that must remain intact, such as catalytic or antigen-binding sites.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Pharm
September 2025
Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China. Electronic address:
Emodin is a natural anthraquinone derivative with poor water solubility, which limits its antibacterial activity. The purpose of this work is to investigate the antibacterial activity of emodin nanocrystals (EMD-NCs) with different particle sizes against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and explores its underlying mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Pharm Biopharm
September 2025
Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom. Electronic address:
To ensure safety, pharmaceuticals are rigorously tested for lipopolysaccharide (LPS) contamination, as this can trigger severe immune reactions in patients. Low Endotoxin Recovery (LER), describing the masking of spiked LPS controls in Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL) assays, has been associated with the presence of chelating agents and surfactants in pharmaceutical formulations. The addition of excipients, such as Mg2, have shown the ability to mitigate the effects of LER, however, inconsistencies in various studies regarding the influence of the excipients on LPS aggregate characteristics and LER occurrence hinder a clear understanding of the mechanisms underlying LER.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
September 2025
Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
Modified hyaluronic acid (HA) biomaterials have received considerable attention in recent years, especially in developing innovative therapeutic strategies for targeted disease interventions. HA serves to shield therapeutics from the physiological environment, while enabling safe delivery and promoting uptake into specific cells. As a hydrophilic chain polymer, HA is readily chemically modified into functional biomaterials for drug delivery and cancer immunotherapy.
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