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Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has gradually proved to be a powerful tool with wide applications in various fields. Here, a simple and rapid SERS method was developed for the determination of ketamine in urine based on silver aggregates as a SERS substrate. Ketamine in urine were demonstrated by the SERS technique with silver sol aggregated by a 0.5 M NaBr solution. The limit of detection for ketamine in urine could be obtained as low as 7.5 ppm, and a linear relationship for ketamine in urine between the Raman intensity and the concentrations was achieved in the range from 7.5 to 150 ppm (R = 0.977). Additionally, the recovery of this method ranged from 95.7 to 104.9%, which laid a favorable foundation for the rapid and reliable quantitative detection of ketamine in urine. Therefore, this SERS approach with high sensitivity and simplicity has a great prospect for the real-world application of ketamine in urine.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.2116/analsci.19P199 | DOI Listing |
J Ethn Subst Abuse
September 2025
An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
Preoperative drug screening is not routinely performed in Palestine, which poses challenges for medical management, especially during anesthesia for surgical procedures. We aimed to determine the prevalence and types of illicit drugs through preoperative screening of patients undergoing elective surgeries and to compare these findings with self-reported drug use. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2024 in the surgical departments of two tertiary hospitals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFForensic Sci Int
August 2025
Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, via Forlanini, 12, Pavia 27100, Italy.
Dried urine spots (DUS) are emerging as a practical alternative to traditional urine collection in forensic and clinical toxicology, offering advantages in storage, handling, and biosafety. However, limited data exist on the stability of psychoactive substances in this matrix, particularly for opioids, synthetic cathinones, and dissociative anaesthetics. This study validates an LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous quantification of twelve psychoactive drugs in DUS: methadone, EDDP, oxycodone, tapentadol, tramadol, ketamine, norketamine, fentanyl, carfentanyl, furanyl fentanyl, 3,4-MD-α-PHP, and MDPV.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
July 2025
Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA.
Intraoperative polyuria, defined as urine output >2.5 mL/kg/hour during surgical procedures, can complicate fluid and electrolyte management. This series reviews cases of intraoperative polyuria in patients undergoing general anesthesia for spinal procedures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMikrochim Acta
August 2025
Department of Information Systems, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O.Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia.
Point-of-care (POC) devices have grown in popularity due to their ease of use, low cost, and speedy on-site diagnostic capabilities. This study focuses on ketamine detection by colorimetric and lateral flow assays (LFA), with aptamer-based LFA emerging as a potential alternative to antibody-based approaches due to its stability, repeatability, and simplicity of modification. Two methods were investigated: (1) This approach used gold nanoparticles and an in-solution adsorption technique to create colorimetric aptasensors integrated with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer for the detection of the drug ketamine, and (2) innovative LFA tests with a detection limit of 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Opioid Manag
July 2025
Precision Diagnostics LLC, San Diego, California. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3748-9703.
We present data showing that the urinary metabolic ratio (MR) of metabolite to parent drug can be used to estimate the drug-drug interactions (DDIs) of pain management and substance abuse treatment medications with other coadministered drugs. We quantitatively measure 18 drugs and their phase I metabolites and monitor the effects of 14 interfering drugs on their MRs. The 18 drugs include dextromethorphan, oxycodone, hydrocodone, tramadol, morphine, buprenorphine, fentanyl, clonazepam, alprazolam, quetiapine, carisoprodol, tapentadol, ketamine, methadone, impramine, and amitriptyline.
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