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Organisms are locked in an eternal struggle with parasitic DNA sequences that live inside their genomes and wreak havoc on their host's chromosomes as they spread through populations. To combat these parasites, host species have evolved elaborate mechanisms of resistance that suppress their activity. A new study in Drosophila indicates that, prior to the acquisition of resistance, individuals can vary in their ability to tolerate the activity of these genomic parasites, ignoring or repairing the damage they induce. This tolerance results from variation at genes involved in germline development and DNA damage checkpoints and suggests that these highly conserved cellular processes may be influenced by current and historical intragenomic parasite loads.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3000036 | DOI Listing |
Eur J Case Rep Intern Med
August 2025
Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Trinity Health Oakland Hospital, Pontiac, USA.
Background: Invasive central nervous system (CNS) aspergillosis is rare among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients due to preserved neutrophil function, despite significant CD4+ T-cell depletion. Diagnosis typically requires histopathologic confirmation, but polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing has introduced new challenges due to its high sensitivity but limited specificity.
Case Presentation: We describe a newly diagnosed 43-year-old HIV-positive male with concurrent Hodgkin lymphoma who presented with progressive neurological decline and a ring-enhancing brain lesion.
Med Phys
September 2025
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, California, USA.
Background: High-resolution and high-sensitivity small-animal positron emission tomography (PET) scanners are essential non-invasive functional imaging tools in preclinical research. To develop small-animal PET scanners with uniform and high spatial resolution across the field-of-view, PET detectors capable of providing good depth-of-interaction (DOI) information are critical. Dual-ended readout detectors based on lutetium-yttrium oxyorthosilicate (LYSO) arrays with fine pitch represent a promising approach, wherein the choice of inter-crystal reflector significantly impacts the detector performance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenome Biol
September 2025
Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China.
Background: Centromeres are crucial for precise chromosome segregation and maintaining genome stability during cell division. However, their evolutionary dynamics, particularly in polyploid organisms with complex genomic architectures, remain largely enigmatic. Allopolyploid wheat, with its well-defined hierarchical ploidy series and recent polyploidization history, serves as an excellent model to explore centromere evolution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrob Genom
September 2025
School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, South Australia 5371, Australia.
causes otitis media and severe diseases including pneumonia, meningitis and bacteraemia. The rise of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in , facilitated by mobile genetic elements (MGEs), complicates infection treatment. While pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) deployment has reduced disease burden, non-vaccine serotypes (NVTs) have increased and now cause invasive disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOecologia
September 2025
Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA, 02543, USA.
Beech leaf disease (BLD) poses a serious threat to the health of beech forests throughout the northeastern USA and Canada. Caused by invasive nematodes, BLD first appeared in 2012 in Ohio and has rapidly spread eastward. We investigated the effects of BLD on leaf and litter chemistry and leaf litter decomposition rate from four infected beech stands in Falmouth, Massachusetts.
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