It's "Blin" a Long Time Coming: The Rise of Blinatumomab in Philadelphia Chromosome-Negative Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Blinatumomab is a bispecific T-cell engager that has recently transformed front-line treatment for many patients with Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)-negative B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). It was originally studied in relapsed/refractory disease, then moved to targeting measurable residual disease (MRD), and has since been shown to improve outcomes for almost every age group when added to consolidation chemotherapy. The evidence supporting blinatumomab is most robust in adult and standard-risk pediatric age groups, but its benefit in adolescents and young adults and high-risk pediatric patients is not yet understood.

Children's Satiety Responsiveness Moderates the Association between Food Reinforcement and Eating in the Absence of Hunger.

The reinforcing value of food, a measure of motivation to obtain food, is associated with obesity in children. However, the extent to which food reinforcement predicts children's intake under different contexts (i.e.

Unjust treatment, unfamiliar body, and unrealistic body standards: A qualitative investigation of body image, racism, and eating during pregnancy and postpartum among Black, African American, and Afro-Caribbean individuals.

The perinatal period, which includes pregnancy and postpartum, is associated with body-image disturbance and increased risk of eating disorder (ED) onset or relapse. ED diagnoses that are most common in the perinatal period are also more prevalent among Black individuals compared to other races. However, existing ED screening tools may miss important cultural nuances within the Black population.

Wastewater Monitoring: Improving Public Awareness and Understanding in the United States, May 2024.

Objectives: Although wastewater monitoring for virus detection has increased in communities worldwide, public awareness, understanding, questions, and concerns about wastewater monitoring are largely unknown. We assessed awareness, knowledge, and support for wastewater monitoring for detection of viruses and bacteria among US residents and elicited questions and concerns from residents about its use.

Methods: We conducted a survey among a racially and ethnically diverse sample of residents in Colorado, Maryland, Missouri, Nebraska, and Texas to assess awareness, knowledge, and support of wastewater monitoring.

Systematic Review: Biopsychosocial Factors Related to Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children/Adolescents with Neurofibromatosis Type 1.

This systematic review was conducted to provide a comprehensive summary of biopsychosocial factors associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1), and identify key limitations and gaps in the current literature. Systematic literature searches were conducted in Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science, PubMed, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global in March 2024. The searches identified 2,345 unique articles.

Safety of artificial intelligence-assisted optical diagnosis for leaving colorectal polyps in situ during colonoscopy (PRACTICE): a non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial.

Background: Guidelines recommend leaving in situ rectosigmoid polyps diagnosed during colonoscopy that are 5 mm or smaller if the endoscopist optically predicts them to be non-neoplastic. However, no randomised controlled trial has been done to examine the efficacy and safety of this strategy.

Methods: This open-label, multicentre, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial enrolled adults age 18 years or older undergoing colonoscopy for screening, surveillance, or clinical indications across four Italian centres.

Conformationally Restricted Amino Cyclopropane-Fused Lactones from Mannich Bases.

We converted easily accessible Mannich bases into cyclopropane-fused lactones by combining a photochemical reaction using simple 370 nm LED source with acid-catalyzed hydrolysis and lactonization. The alcohol functional group generated in the photochemical reaction was used in the subsequent step. This three-step sequence rapidly generates conformationally restricted amino cyclopropane-fused γ-, δ-, and ε-lactones.

Building effective relationships in global surgery: an exploratory qualitative study.

Background: The rise in malignant hepatopancreatobiliary tumors disproportionately affects low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) due to systemic challenges. In 2023, the International Hepatopancreatobiliary Association (IHPBA) launched a relationship-building initiative to mitigate outcome disparities by increasing capacity and quality. This study aimed to understand the dynamics and value of such collaborations.

Impact of biological buffers and chelators on fenton-like reactions in the context of poloxamer188 degradation.

Fenton-like reagents serve as useful tools to induce oxidative stress in forced degradation studies of surfactants, providing a relevant model due to the possible presence of trace amounts of transition metal ions and peroxides in liquid drug formulations. It is known that catalytic reactivity of transition metal ions heavily depends on the ligands present in the solution and that it differs between buffer systems. Herein, we compare the influence of common buffers and chelating agents on poloxamer188 (P188) degradation by using a fast-gradient reversed phase chromatography with charged aerosol detection (LC-CAD) and automatic sample preparation.

Better together: Reciprocal activation of quorum sensing circuits enhances bacterial communication.

Many bacteria use quorum sensing to control gene transcription based on population density. A recent study in PLOS Biology found that in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, two quorum sensing circuits activate each other, enhancing robustness and explaining their redundancy.

Strong selection maintains a narrow, stable tension zone between grosbeak species in the Great Plains.

When genetically divergent and geographically isolated lineages come back into contact, their interactions allow us to observe reproductive isolating barriers in action. The avian contact zone between Pheucticus melanocephalus and P. ludovicianus in the North American Great Plains has been studied for more than 60 years, but never with the aid of genomic data.

Physical Therapists' Perceptions and Attitudes About Sleep: A Compilation and Comparison of Survey Data from Three Countries.

Sleep is critical for health, well-being, and recovery after injury or illness. Recognizing sleep disorders as part of physical therapists' (PT) roles is gaining traction. This secondary analysis compared PTs' education, perceptions, and attitudes regarding sleep in the United States, Jordan, and Brazil.

Associations between ureteral stent indwelling time, patient characteristics, and stent pain from an international prospective registry.

Objectives: Previous studies have shown conflicting results concerning the optimal duration of ureteral stenting after endourologic treatment of stone disease, its effect on patient comfort, and the necessity for emergent, unscheduled care. This study assessed the impact of stent duration, sex, and other patient-associated factors on reported pain scores using a large, international prospective registry.

Methods: A prospective observational patient registry on ureteral stents from 10 institutions in 4 countries (United States, Canada, France, and Japan) from 2020-2023 was assessed.

Enhancing Early Detection of Pancreatic Cancer in Genetically Predisposed Individuals: Integrating Advanced Imaging Modalities with Emerging Biomarkers and Liquid Biopsy.

Purpose: Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies, with a five-year survival rate rarely exceeding 10%. Due to its asymptomatic onset, it is frequently diagnosed at an advanced and often inoperable stage. This review assesses current strategies for early detection, including genomic testing, advanced imaging technologies, and biomarker-based platforms, with a focus on their clinical utility and integration into surveillance protocols.

Compensatory roles of STT3A and ALG5 in glucose metabolism of aged macaque hippocampus.

The hippocampus (HC), a central hub for memory and cognition, exhibits unique metabolic resilience during aging despite widespread brain glucose hypometabolism. Here, we report that aged humans and macaques paradoxically display elevated HC glucose uptake (18F-FDG PET SUVR) alongside strengthened connectivity to sensory-motor and limbic networks-an adaptive rewiring revealed by graph-theoretical metabolic network analysis. Integrated multi-omics profiling identified STT3A (oligosaccharyltransferase) and ALG5 (dolichyl-phosphate β-glucosyltransferase) as key regulators of age-related HC adaptation, with their upregulation in aged macaque hippocampi driving N-glycosylation-dependent metabolic reprogramming.

Gene therapy for inner ear disease: the next targets.

Purpose Of Review: The recent successful otoferlin gene therapy trials have refocused the fields attention on the potential of gene therapy to cure hearing loss. With over 100 known monogenetic causes of hearing loss, the key question is which will be the next set of disorders that are treatable. The current review addresses potentially targetable hearing disorders that can be addressed with current gene therapy technologies.

Effect of Preoperative Cannabis Use on Postoperative Pain and Outcomes Following Cardiothoracic Surgery.

Cannabis use has grown both recreationally and medicinally in the United States over the past decades, alongside increased legalization and social acceptance. However, there remains little research investigating the effects of preoperative cannabis use on postoperative pain in patients undergoing surgery. We conducted a single-center prospective study in adults undergoing cardiac surgery via sternotomy.

Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Uptake, Toxicity, and Steroidogenesis in Adrenocortical Carcinoma Cells Using a Multicellular in vitro Model.

Introduction: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignancy with poor prognosis, limited treatment options, and high recurrence rates. Surgery and mitotane-based chemotherapy remain the standard of care, and new treatment strategies are needed. Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) offer promise as theranostic agents due to their modifiability for selective uptake and imaging.

A comparative analysis of gender and racial disparities in acute necrotizing pancreatitis outcomes: Insights from the national inpatient sample database.

Background/objectives: Acute Necrotizing pancreatitis (NP), a severe form of pancreatitis, carries high morbidity and mortality, with outcomes influenced by patient demographics. While prior research highlights disparities in gastrointestinal diseases, the impact of race and gender on NP outcomes remains underexplored. This study evaluates the influence of these demographic factors on in-hospital mortality, complications, length of stay (LOS), and hospitalization costs.

A sensitive and specific non-invasive urine biomarker panel for prostate cancer detection.

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the leading causes of cancer death in men. While prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing is widely used for screening, its diagnostic accuracy is limited, often failing to distinguish between benign and malignant prostate conditions, underscoring the need for novel biomarkers with improved diagnostic performance. This study aimed to identify and validate a panel of urinary RNA biomarkers with improved diagnostic accuracy for PCa.

The Capillary-Tube-Evaporative-Concentration (CTEC) method: a new protein-sparing approach to directly determine protein apparent solubility values for antibody developability assessments.

Solubility behavior is an important attribute to rank-order monoclonal and bispecific antibody (mAb, biAb) candidates during developability assessments. Current approaches to directly measure antibody solubility without adding precipitating additives (e.g.

APE1 active site residue Asn174 stabilizes the AP-site and is essential for catalysis.

Apurinic/Apyrimidinic (AP)-sites are common and highly mutagenic DNA lesions that can arise spontaneously or as intermediates during Base Excision Repair (BER). The enzyme apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) initiates repair of AP-sites by cleaving the DNA backbone at the AP-site via its endonuclease activity. Here, we investigated the functional role of the APE1 active site residue N174 that contacts the AP-site during catalysis.

Patterns of pre-registration and publication of trials in Cochrane systematic reviews of interventions.

Objective: It is widely recognised that selective reporting clinical trial results based on their outcomes, in the forms of publication bias, outcome reporting bias, or p-hacking, has detrimental effects on the scientific literature and on evidence synthesis. This can be recognised, and perhaps ameliorated with comprehensive trial registration. However, previous investigations of clinical trial registration focussed on study-level examinations, rather than the number of trial participants, which is often more relevant to meta-analysis.