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Cheese prepared from whole milk, raw and pasteurized, were analysed by an electronic nose based on piezoelectric quartz crystals and an electronic tongue based on potentiometric sensors, immediately after their preparation and along ripening (after 7 and 21 days). Whey was also analysed by the potentiometric electronic tongue. Results obtained by the electronic nose and tongue were found to be complementary, with the electronic nose being more sensitive to differences in the milk and the electronic tongue being more sensitive to milk pasteurization. Electronic tongue was able to distinguish cheeses made from raw and pasteurized milk, both analysing the whey or the curd, with correct classification rate of 96% and 84%, respectively. Besides, the electronic nose was more sensitive than the electronic tongue to the ripening process, with large differences between samples after 7 and 21 days, while the electronic tongue was only sensitive to the initial maturation stages, with large difference between freshly prepared cheese and with seven days of maturation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18082415 | DOI Listing |
J Food Sci
September 2025
College of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China.
Primary agricultural products are closely related to our daily lives, as they serve not only as raw materials for food processing but also as products directly purchased by consumers. These products face the issue of freshness decline and spoilage during both production and consumption. Freshness degradation induces sensory deterioration and nutritional loss and promotes harmful substance accumulation, causing gastrointestinal issues or even endangering life.
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September 2025
College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing and Preservation, Shanghai 201306, China. Electronic address:
This study investigated the impact of cold water with increasing temperature (CI) and boiling water with constant temperature (BC) steaming on the metabolites and taste of Eriocheir sinensis. Sensory evaluation and electronic tongue analysis indicated that CI group enhanced ovaries umami, whereas BC group increased muscle umami (p < 0.05).
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August 2025
Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Sources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, PR China. Electronic address:
Morel (Morchella spp.) is highly valued and increasingly widely cultivated in China. However, due to the limited analysis of its flavor components and origin, its full utilization is restricted.
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September 2025
Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China. Electronic address:
The cooking process exerts a notable influence on the flavor characteristics of fish. E-nose, GC-MS, and GC-IMS technologies were utilized to investigate how three thermal processing methods (steaming, frying, and roasting) alter the volatile odors of paddy field carp (PFC). GC-MS and GC-IMS analyses indicated that the volatile compound compositions of steaming and raw samples were relatively similar.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
September 2025
N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
While fluorene-containing materials are widely used in organic optoelectronics as bright emitters and hole semiconductors, their diazafluorene analogues have been poorly explored, though their nitrogen atoms could result in electron transport and bring sensory abilities. Here, we report the synthesis, characterization, and detailed study of a series of 4,5-diazafluorene-derivatives with different donor/acceptor substituents and organic semiconductors based on these molecules. The crystal structures of all the materials were solved by X-ray diffraction, indicating the presence of extensive π-stacking and anisotropic charge-transfer pathways.
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