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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrd.2018.90 | DOI Listing |
Acc Chem Res
September 2025
Department of Chemistry, FRQNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street W, Montréal, Québec H3A 0B8, Canada.
ConspectusMolecular photochemistry, by harnessing the excited states of organic molecules, provides a platform fundamentally distinct from thermochemistry for generating reactive open-shell or spin-active species under mild conditions. Among its diverse applications, the resurgence of the Minisci-type reaction, a transformation historically reliant on thermally initiated radical conditions, has been fueled by modern photochemical strategies with improved efficiency and selectivity. Consequently, the photochemical Minisci-type reaction ranks among the most enabling methods for C()-H functionalizations of heteroarenes, which are of particular significance in medicinal chemistry for the rapid diversification of bioactive scaffolds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Genet
September 2025
Fermentation and Microbial Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-Tawi, 180001, India.
Trichoderma species exhibit remarkable versatility in adaptability and in occupying habitats with lifestyles ranging from mycoparasitism and saprotrophy to endophytism. In this study, we present the first high-quality whole-genome assembly and annotation of T. lixii using Illumina HiSeq technology to explore the mechanisms of endophytic lifestyle and plant colonization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvolution
September 2025
Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
What effect does evolutionary history have on the recovery of multicellularity? Khey and Travisano (2025) show that multicellularity can be recovered in all populations of their experimentally evolved Saccharomyces cerevisiae. However, the history of these cell lines changed the tempo and mode of adaptation in which these lines recovered multicellularity. These findings uncover further details on how evolutionary histories affect future trajectories and contribute another piece to the puzzle that is the predictability of evolution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomater Sci
September 2025
Biotechnology Science and Engineering Program, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA.
B cells are critical components of the adaptive immune system that proliferate and differentiate within the secondary lymphoid organs upon recognition of antigens and engagement of T cells. Traditional two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures fall short of replicating the intricate structures and dynamic evolution of three-dimensional (3D) environments found in lymphoid organs, prompting the development of more physiologically pertinent models. Our approach employs -hexanoyl glycol chitosan (HGC) coated ultra-low attachment (ULA) lattice plates to cultivate a 3D co-culture of CD40L-expressing MS5 stromal cells and naïve B cells derived from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of healthy human donors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGeobiology
September 2025
Dipartimento di Scienze, Università di Roma Tre, Roma, Italy.
Large-scale geological processes shape microbial habitats and drive the evolution of life on Earth. During the Oligocene, convergence between Africa and Europe led to the opening of the Western Mediterranean Basin, a deep-ocean system characterized by fluid venting, oxygen depletion, and the absence of benthic fauna. In this extreme, inhospitable seafloor environment, fusiform objects known as Tubotomaculum formed, whose origin has long remained controversial.
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