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Efficient syntheses of both enantiomers of a spirodiamine diester from (l)- and (d)-aspartic acid are described. The key transformation was the conversion of Boc-protected tert-butyl aspartate into the derived aldehyde, two-directional Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons olefination, hydrogenation, and selective acid-catalyzed Boc-deprotection and spirocyclization. An alternative, two-directional approach to derivatives of 1,7-diazaspiro[5.5]undecane is described.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.8b00794 | DOI Listing |
Brain Behav
September 2025
Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University(Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province), Hangzhou, China.
Background: Mental disorders frequently co-occur with pain, yet pain mechanisms in non-peripheral etiologies (e.g., chronic psychological stress) remain underexplored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
September 2025
Dongguan TCM Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, China.
Background: Although previous studies suggested associations between psoriasis and atopic dermatitis (AD), the directionality and causality of these relationships remain controversial. This study employed bidirectional Mendelian randomization to investigate the potential causal relationships between these two inflammatory skin conditions.
Methods: Genome-wide association statistics were obtained for psoriasis and AD from large-scale consortia and meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies.
Virulence
December 2025
Clinical HIV Laboratory, JSPS Government Homeopathic Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
, a macrophage-residing parasite, expresses virulence factors that intercept macrophage signaling and inflicts leishmaniasis. Recently described virulence factors- eEF-1α (eukaryotic elongation factor), LmjF_36_3850 ( F_36_3850), LdTyrPIP_22 (LDBPK_220120.1) and LmjMAPK ( mitogen activated protein kinase)-4/12 selectively modulate the activities of kinases, phosphatases and metabolism of phosphatidylinositol influencing the infection outcome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuropsychiatr Dis Treat
August 2025
Geriatric Medicine Department II, Qingdao Mental Health Center, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
Purpose: Previous studies have shown that serum uric acid (UA) levels are significantly higher in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) than in patients with depressive disorder (DD), schizophrenia, and healthy controls. Currently, studies generally report that there is a complex bidirectional interaction between mood disorders (MD) and hyperuricemia (HUA). We investigated the prevalence and related factors of hyperuricemia in Chinese patients with mood disorders to find out potential mechanisms and build a predictive model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPestic Biochem Physiol
November 2025
State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity & Key Lab of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China. Electronic address:
Rice bacterial leaf streak (BLS) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola (Xoc) significantly reduces rice yield and quality. Traditional chemical control methods often have limited efficacy and raise environmental concerns, highlighting the need for safer and more effective alternatives.
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