Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 nanoparticles: A promising nano-antimicrobial agent for sustainable management of bacterial leaf streak in rice.

Rice bacterial leaf streak (BLS) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola (Xoc) significantly reduces rice yield and quality. Traditional chemical control methods often have limited efficacy and raise environmental concerns, highlighting the need for safer and more effective alternatives.

Activation of the cGAS-STING pathway in monocytes exacerbates pulmonary fibrosis induced by paraquat poisoning.

Paraquat (PQ), a total contact herbicide, triggers progressive pulmonary fibrosis and multiorgan failure. This toxicity occurs via DNA damage-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and dysregulated extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, highlighting the urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies. This study systematically investigated monocytic cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling in PQ-associated fibrotic lung pathology, focusing on its mechanistic involvement in innate immune regulation.

Single-cell RNA sequencing identifies cellular heterogeneity in endothelial and epithelial cells associated with nitrogen dioxide-induced acute lung injury.

Inhalation of nitrogen dioxide (NO), a representative irritant gas, can trigger acute lung injury (ALI), typically characterized by increased permeability and dysfunction of the blood-air barrier. However, the exact mechanisms underlying NO inhalation-induced ALI (NO-ALI) remain poorly understood. Using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), we identified significant alterations in endothelial and epithelial cells during NO-ALI.

From Spear to Shield: A Novel Antifungal Drug that Safely Enhances Rice Immune Defenses.

The infection and resistance of pathogenic fungi pose a significant threat to food crop safety, highlighting the urgent need for new green antifungal agents. Fusarium acid (FA) with its simple and novel structure correlates with the principles of green pesticides and has demonstrated substantial broad-spectrum antifungal activity. In a previous study, several promising lead compounds were identified.

Multi-stimuli-responsive pectin-coated dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles with Eugenol as a sustained release nanocarrier for the control of tomato bacterial wilt.

Background: Environmentally responsive nanoscale biocide delivery system enhances smart, regulated, and synergistic biocide application with precise biocide release. In this study, pectin-modified dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (DMSNs) was used as a carrier to successfully construct a microenvironment-responsive (pH, temperature and enzyme) eugenol nano-biocide delivery system for the control of Ralstonia solanacearum infection.

Results: The results showed that the specific surface area, pore size and surface activity of DMSNs significantly influence the biocide loading of eugenol, and the biocide loading capability was up to 72.

Meldonium, as a potential neuroprotective agent, promotes neuronal survival by protecting mitochondria in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Background: Stroke is a globally dangerous disease capable of causing irreversible neuronal damage with limited therapeutic options. Meldonium, an inhibitor of carnitine-dependent metabolism, is considered an anti-ischemic drug. However, the mechanisms through which meldonium improves ischemic injury and its potential to protect neurons remain largely unknown.

Role of transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: modulation of M2 macrophage polarization.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) poses significant challenges due to limited treatment options despite its complex pathogenesis involving cellular and molecular mechanisms. This study investigated the role of transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channels in regulating M2 macrophage polarization in IPF progression, potentially offering novel therapeutic targets. Using a bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis model in C57BL/6J mice, we assessed the therapeutic potential of the TRPA1 inhibitor HC-030031.

Development of a Safe and Effective -Based Nanobiopesticide for Controlling Tea Pests.

Mg(OH) was used as the nanocarrier of the (Bt) Cry1Ac protein, and the synthesized Cry1Ac-Mg(OH) composites were regular and uniform nanosheets. Nano-Mg(OH) could effectively improve the insecticidal effect of the Cry1Ac protein toward . It could enhance the damage degree of the Cry1Ac protein to intestinal epithelial cells and microvilli, induce and enrich the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the midgut, and enhance the degradation of the Cry1Ac protein into active fragments.

Psittacosis Pneumonia: Diagnosis, Treatment and Interhuman Transmission.

Psittacosis pneumonia is a zoonosis caused by Chlamydia psittacosis infection, mainly resulting from contact with aerosols of birds or poultry's urine, feces, and excrement. The clinical manifestations range from general symptoms of infection to severe acute respiratory syndrome and systemic diseases, currently diagnosed using metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) to improve diagnostic accuracy. To date, most reports have only discussed human exposure to poultry disease.

Are boys associated with weapons and girls associated with kitchenware? The extent to which gender stereotypes regarding adults extend to children.

Adults' views of children based on gender stereotypes can affect their communication with children, which can affect children's development; therefore this study explores the extent to which adults extend gender stereotypes regarding adults to children. This study conducted four experiments using Chinese adult undergraduate student participants. Using adult faces as prime stimuli and images of weapons (guns) and kitchenware (spatulas) as target objects, Experiment 1 found that Chinese adults associate men with weapons and women with kitchenware.

Automatic monitoring system for individual dairy cows based on a deep learning framework that provides identification via body parts and estimation of body condition score.

Body condition score (BCS) is a common tool for indirectly estimating the mobilization of energy reserves in the fat and muscle of cattle that meets the requirements of animal welfare and precision livestock farming for the effective monitoring of individual animals. However, previous studies on automatic BCS systems have used manual scoring for data collection, and traditional image extraction methods have limited model performance accuracy. In addition, the radio frequency identification device system commonly used in ranching has the disadvantages of misreadings and damage to bovine bodies.