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Background: Cold hypersensitivity in the hands and feet (CHHF) is a symptom patients usually feel cold in their hands and feet, but not dealt with a disease in western medicine. However, it is often appealed by patients at a clinic of Korean medicine (KM), considered to be a sort of key diagnostic indicator, and actively treated by physicians. Nevertheless, there is no standardized diagnostic definition for CHHF. Therefore, we surveyed KM experts' opinions to address the clinical definition, diagnostic criteria, and other relevant things on CHHF.
Methods: We developed a survey to assess the definition, diagnosis, causes, and accompanying symptoms on CHHF. 31 experts who work at specialized university hospitals affiliated with KM hospitals consented to participation. Experts responded to survey questions by selecting multiple-choice answers or stating their opinions.
Results: Vast majority of experts (83.8%) agreed with our definition on CHHF ("a feeling of cold as a symptom; that one's hands or feet become colder than those of average people in temperatures that are not normally perceived as cold"). 77.4% of experts considered subjective symptoms on CHHF were more important than medical instrument results. Constitution or genetic factors (87.1%) and stress (64.5%) were the most common causes reported for CHHF.
Conclusions: This study offers an expert consensus regarding the themes, opinions, and experiences of practitioners with CHHF. Our results underscore the need for standardized definitions and diagnostic criteria for CHHF.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.imr.2017.11.001 | DOI Listing |
Br J Anaesth
September 2025
MSk Lab, Imperial College London, London, UK; Theatres and Anaesthetics, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK. Electronic address:
Background: The mechanisms contributing to epidural-related maternal hyperthermia remain unclear. One explanation is that blockade of cholinergic sympathetic nerves prevents active vasodilation and sweating. However, it is not known how labour epidural analgesia affects cutaneous sympathetic function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedicine (Baltimore)
September 2025
Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China.
Rationale: Weaver syndrome is a rare congenital overgrowth disorder characterized by a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations that often overlap with other overgrowth syndromes. It is primarily caused by pathogenic variants in the Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2) gene on chromosome 7q36.1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Immunol
September 2025
Department of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an, China.
Objective: Enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) is a major pathogen of severe hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in children, but the mechanism by which it develops into severe HFMD remains unclear, especially the role of macrophage-mediated immune dysregulation.
Methods: Bioinformatics tools were utilized to analyze the transcriptome sequencing results of peripheral blood monocytes (PBMCs) infected with different titers of EV-A71 at various time points. Single-cell sequencing technology was used to sequence obtained PBMCs from a severe HFMD patient due to EV-A71 and a healthy control.
J Surg Case Rep
September 2025
Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, HOCH, Kantonsspital St Gallen, Rorschacherstrasse 95, 9007 St Gallen, Switzerland.
Vascularized reconstruction of bone defects in the foot after osteomyelitis is a complex procedure that requires an orthoplastic collaboration. This case demonstrates the successful use of a free osteocutaneous fibula flap with a perforator-based skin island to reconstruct the medial midfoot following a late-onset infection after fusion for osteonecrosis. A 63-year-old woman presented after osteonecrosis and failed surgeries, including talonavicular and naviculocuneiform arthrodesis complicated by infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Neurol
August 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Xingtai Ninth Hospital, Xingtai, China.
Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) in patients with painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (PDPN).
Materials And Methods: Ninety-two patients underwent permanent SCS implantation and completed a 6-month post-operative follow-up. The primary endpoint was patient amputation rate, and secondary endpoints included Quality of Life (QOL LC V2.