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A 56-year-old woman, without any immunocompromising diseases, was referred to our hospital because of a recurrence of pyogenic spondylitis. Computed tomography revealed multiple osteolytic changes in the whole body. Vertebral magnetic resonance imaging revealed osteomyelitis and spondylitis. Mycobacterium scrofulaceum was detected in sputum cultures, in abscesses from the right knee, and in a subcutaneous forehead abscess. Therefore, the patient was diagnosed with disseminated Mycobacterium scrofulaceum infection. The patient was treated with rifampicin, ethambutol, and clarithromycin, which resulted in symptomatic relief and radiological improvement. We herein report a rare case of disseminated Mycobacterium scrofulaceum infection in an immunocompetent host.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.56.8181 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
August 2025
NHC Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, School of Life Sciences and Medical Technology, Hainan Medical University, 3 Xueyuan Road, Haikou, 570102, Hainan, China.
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are increasingly recognized as important opportunistic pathogens, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. We discovered a newly identified NTM, initially misidentified as Mycobacterium paraffinicum, isolated from a 42-year-old female with an eight-year history of persistent pulmonary infection. The pathogen shares high molecular similarities with Mycobacterium paraffinicum, Mycobacterium nebraskense, and Mycobacterium scrofulaceum, exhibiting atypical acid-fast properties and slow growth.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Glob Infect Dis
June 2025
Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
Introduction: The prevalence of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) is on the rise worldwide. The diagnosis of NTM lung disease (NTM-LD) is a dilemma. The 2020 guidelines jointly established by the American Thoracic Society (ATS) and Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) outline the criteria for diagnosing pulmonary NTM disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Infect Public Health
October 2025
Microbiology Division, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023, India.
Background: Incidence of non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections is on rise globally and poses significant diagnostic and treatment challenges for tuberculosis as most of them are resistant to anti-tubercular drugs. NTM susceptibility to drugs varies from species to species and there is no specific regimen for treatment. We conducted this study to understand the epidemiology of NTM infections in Odisha from 2019 to 2023.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
May 2025
Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
The demand for resources for mycobacterial culture makes diagnosing non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) difficult. This study assessed probe amplifications in the Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Xpert Ultra) and Xpert MTB/RIF assays for different NTM species identified from diabetes mellitus (DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Since the sources of NTM isolates were DM and CKD patients, the study was limited to those patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Case Rep Intern Med
January 2025
Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
Unlabelled: is a rare cause of non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection in adults, primarily affecting the immunocompromised. Pulmonary involvement has been seen in individuals with pre-existing lung pathology. We report a case of a 63-year-old female who presented with abdominal pain, cough and sputum samples yielding , with a normal clinical examination.
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