Tracheobronchial Tuberculosis During Treatment for Bronchial Asthma.

Tracheobronchial tuberculosis is a disease that requires careful attention when treating patients with chronic cough, such as those with bronchial asthma.

Nationwide surveillance of antibacterial susceptibility in bacterial respiratory pathogens in Japan, 2022-2023.

The emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistant (AMR) have become a major global concern. This nationwide surveillance study, conducted by the Japanese Society of Chemotherapy, Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases, and Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology from 2022 to 2023, examined the antimicrobial susceptibility of respiratory pathogens. A total of 1057 bacterial isolates from 28 medical institutions, predominantly tertiary medical centers, were analyzed.

Interstitial pneumonia due to Japanese spotted fever.

We report case of Japanese spotted fever with interstitial pneumonia. In patients with signs of interstitial pneumonia on chest computed tomography, Rickettsial pneumonia should be considered in the differential diagnosis, especially if they have visited a -endemic area.

Persistent SARS-CoV-2 infection resolved after B-cell recovery in a patient with follicular lymphoma treated with B-cell depletion therapy.

A 68-year-old woman with follicular lymphoma was treated with chemotherapy, including the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody obinutuzumab, and achieved remission. A month after the administration of obinutuzumab, the patient contracted coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and various antiviral drugs were administered. However, the infection had not been eliminated.

Pulmonary infection with tree-in-bud appearance.

Here, we report a case of zoonosis pulmonary infection with a tree-in-bud appearance. In cases showing a tree-in-bud appearance on chest CT images, pulmonary infection should be considered in the differential diagnosis, especially in patients with pets.

Pulmonary infection with cavitary lesion.

We report a rare case of pulmonary infection with cavitary lesion. Chemotherapy with rifampicin, ethambutol, and clarithromycin was effective for the lesion.

Concentrically expanded reversed halo sign caused by nivolumab-related pneumonia.

Among immune-related adverse events, pneumonitis is relatively uncommon, and nivolumab-related pneumonitis may present with a reversed halo sign.

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis diagnosed during the treatment of otitis media with prednisolone in a patient with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis: A case report.

A 78-year-old woman with severe auditory disturbance was referred to our hospital and was diagnosed with otitis media with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody -associated vasculitis (OMAAV). The auditory disturbance improved moderately with prednisolone 40 mg/day, but multiple pulmonary masses were detected on chest computed tomography six months later. Transbronchial lung biopsy revealed granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA).

Combination treatment with antibiotics and surgical lung resection for pulmonary infection in a breast cancer patient.

A 51-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of pneumonia after chemotherapy with doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide for left breast cancer. The patient was diagnosed with pulmonary infection by the detection of complex (MABC) in sputum cultures. However, MABC is intrinsically resistant to most of the antibacterial agents, and MABC pulmonary disease outcomes with modern antibiotic treatment are currently the worst among all mycobacterial species.

Nationwide surveillance of bacterial respiratory pathogens conducted by the surveillance committee of japanese society of chemotherapy, the japanese association for infectious diseases, and the japanese society for clinical microbiology in 2016: General view of the pathogens' antibacterial susceptibility.

The nationwide surveillance on antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial respiratory pathogens from the patients in Japan was conducted by the Japanese Society of Chemotherapy, the Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases, and the Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology in 2016. The isolates were collected from clinical specimens obtained from well-diagnosed adult patients with respiratory tract infections during the period between February 2016 and August 2016 by three societies. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted at the central reference laboratory according to the method recommended by Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute.

Successful Treatment of Lung Adenocarcinoma with Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Compound Mutations Involving Exon 19 Deletion and Exon 20 Insertion by Afatinib.

A 70-year-old woman was referred to our hospital after a nodular shadow was noted on chest X-ray. Chest computed tomography showed a pulmonary mass in the right upper lobe, and brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed a right-sided frontal lobe tumor. A histological examination of a transbronchial lung biopsy specimen revealed adenocarcinoma with epidermal growth factor receptor mutations involving both exon 19 deletion and exon 20 insertion.

Disseminated Mycobacterium scrofulaceum Infection in an Immunocompetent Host.

A 56-year-old woman, without any immunocompromising diseases, was referred to our hospital because of a recurrence of pyogenic spondylitis. Computed tomography revealed multiple osteolytic changes in the whole body. Vertebral magnetic resonance imaging revealed osteomyelitis and spondylitis.

Pulmonary Metastatic Choriocarcinoma from a Burned-out Testicular Tumor.

A 54-year-old man was referred to our hospital because of progressive dyspnea. Chest computed tomography showed multiple nodular shadows with a peripheral ground-glass halo. His clinical condition continued to deteriorate with the development of progressive respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation.

Differences in the effects of Asian dust on pulmonary function between adult patients with asthma and those with asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap syndrome.

Background: Asian dust (AD) exposure exacerbates pulmonary dysfunction in patients with asthma. Asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap syndrome (ACOS), characterized by coexisting symptoms of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, is considered a separate disease entity. Previously, we investigated the effects of AD on pulmonary function in adult patients with asthma.

Effect of Asian dust on pulmonary function in adult asthma patients in western Japan: A panel study.

Background: Asian dust (AD) has become a major health concern. The concentration of AD is typically expressed in particulate matter less than 10 μm (PM10) and 2.5 μm (PM2.

Nationwide surveillance of bacterial respiratory pathogens conducted by the surveillance committee of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy, the Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases, and the Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology in 2010: General view of the pathogens' antibacterial susceptibility.

The nationwide surveillance on antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial respiratory pathogens from patients in Japan, was conducted by Japanese Society of Chemotherapy, Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases and Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology in 2010. The isolates were collected from clinical specimens obtained from well-diagnosed adult patients with respiratory tract infections during the period from January and April 2010 by three societies. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted at the central reference laboratory according to the method recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institutes using maximum 45 antibacterial agents.

Effects on asthma and induction of interleukin-8 caused by Asian dust particles collected in western Japan.

Objective: Asian dust storms (ADS) contain various airborne particles that may augment airway inflammation by increasing the level of interleukin-8. The objective of the study was to investigate the association of exposure to an ADS with worsening of symptoms of adult asthma and the effect of ADS particles on interleukin-8 transcriptional activity.

Methods: The subjects were 112 patients with mild to moderate asthma who recorded scores for their daily upper and lower respiratory tract symptoms and measured morning peak expiratory flow (PEF) from March to May 2011.

A resected case of solitary pulmonary capillary hemangioma showing pure ground glass opacity.

A 53-year-old Japanese woman was referred to our hospital for pure ground glass opacity (GGO) in the left upper lung on computed tomography. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography revealed no abnormal uptake in the lesion. After 4 months of follow-up, we strongly suspected the lesion to be a bronchioloalveolar carcinoma and decided to perform a surgery for diagnosis.

[A case of pulmonary sarcoidosis complicated with bronchial asthma that proved eosinophilic invasion].

A 33-year-old man complaining of cough admitted our hospital for examination of bilateral hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. He diagnosed pulmonary sarcoidosis, because of elevation of serum angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), epitheloid granuloma with noncaseating necrosis from transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) specimen, increasing of lymphocyte and elevation of the CD4/CD8 ratio in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Furthermore, eosinophil ratio in BALF was 3%, hyperplasia of goblet cell, eosinophilic invasion to bronchial epithelium, and thickened basal membrane were found in same biopsy specimen.