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http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/20163208009 | DOI Listing |
Glioblastoma (GBM) represents an extremely aggressive brain malignancy with limited treatment options, difficult prognosis and a highly heterogeneous cellular architecture, including a subpopulation of cancer stem-like cells (CSCs). These CSCs frequently rely on developmental signaling pathways such as Sonic Hedgehog (SHH), which are typically dormant in adult tissue but reactivated in tumors. This study aimed to investigate how SHH pathway inhibition affects both bulk GBM cells (GBMCs) and CD133 + GBM cells (GBM CSCs), with particular emphasis on the influence of astrocyte co-culture, which more closely mimics the brain tumor microenvironment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurosci
August 2025
Department of Neuroscience, Center for Learning and Memory, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States.
Perisynaptic astroglia provide critical molecular and structural support to regulate synaptic transmission and plasticity in the nanodomain of the axon-spine interface. Three-dimensional reconstruction from serial section electron microscopy (3DEM) was used to investigate relationships between perisynaptic astroglia and dendritic spine synapses undergoing plasticity in the adult hippocampus. Delta-burst stimulation (DBS) of the medial perforant pathway induced long-term potentiation (LTP) in the middle molecular layer and concurrent long-term depression (cLTD) in the outer molecular layer of the dentate gyrus in awake male rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Biol (Weinh)
August 2025
Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
Label-free optical stimulation of brain cells with infrared (IR) light provides a powerful tool for spatially targeted neuromodulation. However, lingering questions about the off-target effects of IR stimulation on non-neuronal cells remain sparsely explored. It is shown that rat astroglial cultures are independently sensitive to single pulses of infrared light, evoking calcium signaling and osmoregulatory phenomena in vitro.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuropharmacology
November 2025
College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by preferential loss of the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and consequent occurrence of typical symptoms including resting tremor, rigidity and bradykinesia. PD remains a significant challenge due to the lack of disease-modifying drugs despite extensive research efforts. Glucagon-like peptide-1 and its analogues have shown neuroprotective properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF3 Biotech
September 2025
Department of Anatomy, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.
The shared pathways between neuroinflammation and diabetes mellitus involve the NLRP3 inflammasome and subsequent production of the IL-1β. Chronic hyperactivation of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis and innate immunity are implicated in neurological disorders and diabetes. Repurposing drugs with anti-inflammatory properties allows for faster clinical translation in neuroinflammation as compared to developing new drugs from scratch.
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