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The mechanism of memory remains one of the great unsolved problems of biology. Grappling with the question more than a hundred years ago, the German zoologist Richard Semon formulated the concept of the engram, lasting connections in the brain that result from simultaneous "excitations", whose precise physical nature and consequences were out of reach of the biology of his day. Neuroscientists now have the knowledge and tools to tackle this question, however, and this Forum brings together leading contemporary views on the mechanisms of memory and what the engram means today.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12915-016-0261-6 | DOI Listing |
Nano Lett
September 2025
Depto. Polimeros y Materiales Avanzados: Fisica, Quimica y Tecnologia, Universidad del País Vasco, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain.
We demonstrate a novel approach to controlling and stabilizing magnetic skyrmions in ultrathin multilayer nanostructures through spatially engineered magnetostatic fields generated by ferromagnetic nanorings. Using analytical modeling and micromagnetic simulations, we show that the stray fields from a Co/Pd ferromagnetic ring with out-of-plane magnetic anisotropy significantly enhance the Néel-type skyrmion stability in an Ir/Co/Pt nanodot, even stabilizing the skyrmion in the absence of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions. We demonstrate precise control over the skyrmion size and stability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanoscale
September 2025
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China.
The potential of hafnia-based ferroelectric materials for Ferroelectric Random Access Memory (FeRAM) applications is limited by the imprint effect, which compromises readout reliability. Here, we systematically investigate the asymmetric imprint behavior in W/HfZrO/W ferroelectric capacitors, demonstrating that the imprint direction correlates directly with the ferroelectric polarization state. Notably, a pre-pulse of specific polarity can temporarily suppress the imprint effect.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Chem Chem Phys
September 2025
Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1330, Japan.
Hybrid systems (HSs) of quantum dots (QDs) and molecular photoswitches exhibit luminescence switching of QDs based on energy transfer and have garnered attention for their potential applications in sensors and optical memories. In HSs, the chemical composition, such as the number of attached ligands, is inherently distributed, posing challenges for extracting the energy transfer process from the QDs to a single acceptor molecule. The stochastic model, assuming a Poisson distribution for the number of acceptors, proves to be an effective approach for extracting the process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBr J Haematol
September 2025
Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
Refractory cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a severe complication following umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT). Antiviral agents, the standard first-line therapy, are limited by toxicity and resistance without robust T-cell immunity. We evaluated third-party donor (TPD)-derived CMV-specific T cells (CMVSTs) as a treatment option.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Biotechnol
September 2025
European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK.
The size of microbial sequence databases continues to grow beyond the abilities of existing alignment tools. We introduce LexicMap, a nucleotide sequence alignment tool for efficiently querying moderate-length sequences (>250 bp) such as a gene, plasmid or long read against up to millions of prokaryotic genomes. We construct a small set of probe k-mers, which are selected to efficiently sample the entire database to be indexed such that every 250-bp window of each database genome contains multiple seed k-mers, each with a shared prefix with one of the probes.
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