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Adoptive cell therapy represents a promising approach for several chronic diseases. This study describes an innovative strategy for biofunctionalization of nanoparticles, allowing the generation of synthetic particulate antigens (SPAg). SPAg activate polyclonal B cells and vectorize noncognate proteins into their endosomes, generating highly efficient stimulators for ex vivo expansion of antigen-specific CD4+ T cells. This method also allows harnessing the ability of B cells to polarize CD4+ T cells into effectors or regulators.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b03801 | DOI Listing |
Anal Chim Acta
October 2025
TU Wien, Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Getreidemarkt 9/164-I2AC, Vienna, 1060, Austria.
Background: Analyzing the (trace) metal content of synthetic polymers is of interest both for manufacturing and recycling industries where inorganic additives and contaminations must be monitored. Additionally, the metal content of microplastics has recently gained more and more attention as a means to assess their environmental impact. LA-ICP-MS is commonly used for this task as it provides superior sensitivity and allows direct analysis of non-conductive samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt Immunol
August 2025
Division of Rheumatology, Rosalind Russell and Ephraim P. Engleman Arthritis Research Center3, Department of Medicine, UCSF Medical Center, CA.
Particulate antigens (Ags) such as viruses can often induce strong B cell responses in vivo very effectively, but the molecular determinants of this complex process remain incompletely understood. In this review, we focus on recent mechanistic insights into the earliest steps in the initiation of primary B cell responses to viruses, gained by exploiting a new generation of model particulate Ag, synthetic virus-like structures (SVLS). We also review the characteristics of the resulting short- and long-term antibody (Ab) responses in mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRSC Adv
August 2025
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hongik University Seoul 04066 Republic of Korea +82-43-649-1779 +82-43-649-1335.
Synthetic surfactants have been associated with environmental concerns, requiring their replacement with natural alternatives such as saponins. In this study, saponin extraction from soapnut was optimized using the reflux method through the Box-Behnken design and response surface methodology (RSM). Foams generated from the saponin solution were evaluated for effectiveness in ammonia and particulate matter (PM) removal, along with foam characteristic analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Biomater Sci Eng
September 2025
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States.
We have previously developed a regenerative engineering approach to repair irregularly shaped craniomaxillofacial bone defects utilizing "self-fitting" shape memory polymer (SMP) scaffolds based on cross-linked poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL). However, a slow rate of degradation may hinder neotissue infiltration, and a lack of innate antimicrobial activity creates vulnerability to postoperative infection stemming from biofilm formation. Introduction of chitosan (CS), a hydrophilic natural polymer with known antimicrobial behavior, to PCL SMP scaffolds could provide a synergistic combination of desirable properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInhal Toxicol
September 2025
Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA.
Inhalation of emissions from combustion events such as military burn pits and wildland-urban interface fires result in exposures to complex aerosols that may cause adverse health effects. A surrogate combustion generator was created to study these events. A pellet stove was modified to burn diverse fuels comprised of materials found in burn pits (plastic, rubber, and wood).
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