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Bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ) is an entity that has become prevalent upon the dental and medical community for more than 10 years. This entity is unfortunate because both oral and intravenous nitrogen containing bisphosphonates have beneficial effects for patients for certain conditions. The exact pathology of BRONJ has yet to be determined, although many hypotheses have been put forth. Since its prevalence, a clinical staging system has been developed and radiological findings have been described. BRONJ can be prevented if oral healthcare is undertaken before the start of bisphosphonate therapy or after a short time from the start of their use. However, after BRONJ has developed in patients, a myriad of treatments have been proposed that may help these patients.
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Cell Prolif
September 2025
Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is a severe complication in patients undergoing long-term bisphosphonate therapy, while our knowledge on the pathogenesis of BRONJ is far from sufficient. Gamma delta (γδ) T cells predominantly distribute in mucosal tissues and play an important role in both immune modulation and bone metabolism; however, the mechanism of γδ T cells in the pathogenesis of BRONJ has not been elucidated. Here, we induced BRONJ-like lesions in wild-type (WT) and T-cell receptor delta-deficient (TCRδ) mice via intraperitoneal zoledronate injection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedicina (Kaunas)
August 2025
Experimental Biology Unit, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine of Porto, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.
: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a challenging condition linked to antiresorptive and antiangiogenic medications. Their complex pathophysiology and resistance to standard treatments have led researchers to explore adjunctive therapies. This systematic review evaluated the effectiveness of autologous platelet concentrates-namely platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF)-in promoting healing, bone regeneration, and symptom relief in MRONJ patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRadiol Case Rep
October 2025
Department of Medical Imaging and Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a rare side-effect of certain drugs, mainly those used in regimens treating specific cancers and in the initial treatment for non-neoplastic conditions. The first cases of jaw osteonecrosis were reported over 2 decades ago in patients taking bisphosphonates (BPs). Since its identification, the nomenclature has changed from bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) to MRONJ, as other drugs can elicit the same reaction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Med
June 2025
Department of Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa", 16 Universitatii Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania.
: Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) represents a severe complication associated with bisphosphonate therapy commonly used in patients with osteoporosis and malignancies. : This retrospective study evaluates the risk factors and clinical outcomes of BRONJ patients treated at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic in Iaşi, Romania, with the goal of optimizing preventive and therapeutic strategies. Data from 72 BRONJ patients treated between January 2013 and December 2023 were analyzed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Med
June 2025
UOC Odontostomatologia e Chirurgia Orale, AUSL Modena, 41122 Modena, Italy.
: Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (BRONJ) is a severe complication associated with bisphosphonate therapy, commonly used in the treatment of osteoporosis and metastatic bone diseases. Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) has been proposed as a potential treatment modality for BRONJ, with its anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and regenerative effects being of particular interest. This systematic review aims to critically assess the current evidence regarding the efficacy of LLLT in the management of BRONJ.
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