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The myofibroblasts have dual characteristics of smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts. In repairing tissular wound, myofibroblasts are involved in fibrogenesis and remodeling the extracellular matrix of the fibrotic cascades reaction. The review describes the morphological characteristics and biological behaviors of myofibroblasts and the application of skin wound age determination, which may provide reference for research in forensic medicine.
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Nat Cell Biol
September 2025
Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Durotaxis, cell migration along stiffness gradients, is linked to embryonic development, tissue repair and disease. Despite solid in vitro evidence, its role in vivo remains largely speculative. Here we demonstrate that durotaxis actively drives disease progression in vivo in mouse models of lung fibrosis and metastatic pancreatic cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Med (Lausanne)
August 2025
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Traditional studies of pulmonary fibrosis (PF) have focused on alveolar epithelial cells injury and abnormal myofibroblast aggregation, but recent studies have revealed that imbalances in pulmonary capillary homeostasis also play pivotal roles in this disease. The pulmonary microvasculature, composed of aerocyte capillary (aCap) and general capillary (gCap) endothelial cells, forms the core structure of the alveolar-capillary membrane. It performs key roles in gas exchange and nutrient/metabolite transport, while modulating the trafficking of inflammatory factors and immune cells and regulating alveolar damage repair.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Surg Case Rep
September 2025
Department of Urology, The Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 6 of Qinren Road, Foshan 528000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
A 55-year-old female presented with left flank pain and ureteral obstruction. Imaging revealed a retroperitoneal mass suspicious for malignancy. Histopathology confirmed an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT; anaplastic lymphoma kinase [ALK]-negative, mouse double minute 2 homolog-positive).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Sci (Weinh)
September 2025
Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200080, China.
Despite the expanding clinical application of second-generation anti-androgens like enzalutamide (ENZ) in hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC), therapeutic resistance culminating in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) persists as an unresolved clinical crisis. Through comprehensive single-cell transcriptomic profiling of ENZ-naïve and ENZ-treated tumors, an expansion of ENZ-resistant myofibroblastic cancer-associated fibroblast (designated STEAP4 myoCAF) is identified that correlates with adverse clinical outcomes. Strikingly, STEAP4 myoCAF demonstrated intrinsic ENZ resistance through a mechanistically novel pathway involving transcription factor binding to IGHM enhancer 3 (TFE3)-mediated autophagy activation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLife Sci
September 2025
KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Republic of Korea; Korean Convergence Medical Science Major, KIOM School, University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
Background: Intestinal fibrosis is a severe and progressive complication of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), particularly Crohn's disease (CD), for which no effective anti-fibrotic therapies currently exist.
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the anti-fibrotic efficacy and underlying mechanisms of Prim-O-glucosylcimifugin (POG), a natural chromone derivative, in TGF-β1-stimulated human intestinal fibroblasts.
Methods: Fibrosis was modeled in human intestinal fibroblast cell lines (CCD-18Co) and human primary intestinal myofibroblasts (HIMF) using TGF-β1.