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Gas phase skeletal rearrangements of regioisomeric 3-cyano-2-methoxy-3a-alkylfuro[2,3-b]- and [3,2-b]indoles were evidenced by product ions [M-32](+•), consistent with loss of methanol, on electron ionization in their mass spectra. The rearranged products occurring in gas phase were demonstrated to have elemental composition and fragmentation properties identical to those of authentic samples of 2-indolyl cyanomalonates. Isotopic labeling experiments support the formation mechanism of the [M-32](+•) ion. Additional thermal gas-phase reaction products were characterized by comparison with an authentic sample.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jms.1915 | DOI Listing |
Environ Res
September 2025
Guangdong Education Department Key Laboratory of Resources Comprehensive Utilization and Cleaner Production, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
Catalytic pyrolysis, an efficient thermochemical process, offers a promising pathway to valorize thermoset photovoltaic backsheets (TPV) into high-value chemicals. This study investigates the ex situ catalytic pyrolysis of TPV using two acidic catalysts, ZSM-5 and FeNi-ZSM-5, under varied operational conditions, with a focus on product distribution and process efficiency. The catalytic intervention significantly enhanced pyrolysis performance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Rev
September 2025
Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States.
Achieving precise control of materials synthesis is a cornerstone of modern manufacturing, driving efficiency, functionality, and device innovation. This review examines the roles of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and neutron scattering (NS) in advancing our understanding of these processes. TEM offers atomic-scale insights into nucleation, growth, and phase transitions, while NS provides an analysis of reaction pathways, phase evolution, and structural transformations over broader length scales.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
September 2025
Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1RX, UK.
Porous metal-organic polyhedra (MOPs) have strong covalent and coordinate bonds that define the intrinsic pore of the cage. The intermolecular interactions between cages tend to be weaker, such that they rearrange during the solvent exchange process preceding gas sorption measurements. The reduction in crystal size that this often causes limits the availability of structural data that could enable understanding of observed gas uptake.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
September 2025
College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 130062, Changchun, PR China. Electronic address:
Active films displayed substantial prospects to maintain quality of tropical fruits during storage and transportation. This study developed multifunctional composite films loaded with melatonin/carvacrol nanoemulsions (MCNE) in guar gum/pullulan polysaccharide (GP) matrixes. The SEM analysis showed that MCNE was uniformly dispersed in GP film matrixes, and formed dense and continuous phase structure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Chem A
September 2025
College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China.
This work investigated the ring-opening reaction mechanism between F and oxirane by combining electronic structure calculations with chemical dynamics simulations. Electronic structure calculations revealed two primary reaction pathways: nucleophilic substitution (S2) and elimination (E2). The S2 pathway was further classified into oxygen-side attack (ret-S2) and backside attack (inv-S2) based on the nucleophilic approach direction.
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