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Background & Objectives: Panax ginseng has been used as a traditional medicine for many years mainly among Asian peoples for developing physical strength. We undertook this study to determine the immune-enhancement effect of P. ginseng using a forced swimming test (FST) and by measuring cytokine production in MOLT-4 cell culture and mouse peritoneal macrophages.
Methods: P. ginseng was orally administered to mice once a day for 7 days. The anti-immobility effect of P. ginseng on the FST and blood biochemical parameters related to fatigue, glucose (Glc); blood urea nitrogen (BUN); latic dehydrogenase (LDH); total protein (TP) and production of cytokines in human T cell line, MOLT-4 cells and mouse peritoneal macrophages were investigated.
Results: After two and seven days, the immobility time was decreased in the P. ginsengadministrated mice as compared to the control group; however, this reduction was not significant. In addition, the amount of TP in the blood serum was significantly increased. However, the levels of Glc, BUN, and LDH did not show a significant change. P. ginseng significantly (P<0.05) increased interferon (IFN)-gamma production and expression as compared to control at 48 h in MOLT-4 cells. P. ginseng plus recombinant IFN-gamma instead of P. ginseng alone significantly increased the production of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in the mouse peritoneal macrophages.
Interpretation & Conclusion: Our results suggest that P. ginseng may be useful for an immune promoter. Further studies are needed to understand the mechanism of its action.
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Am J Chin Med
September 2025
Department of Pharmacology.
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Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
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College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China. Electronic address:
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State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China; Key Laboratory for Agro-Biodiversity and Pest Control of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China. Electronic ad
Mortierella spp. is emerging as a potential biocontrol agent against soil borne diseases due to its antagonistic effects on pathogens and strong environmental adaptability. However, the mechanisms by which it restructures rhizosphere microbial communities to achieve sustained pathogen suppression remain largely unresolved.
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