Converting Li-Rich Layered Oxide Cathode into Non-Shrinking Sacrificial Prelithiation Agent.

To improve the energy density of Li-ion batteries, conventional sacrificial prelithiation agents (LiFeO, LiO and LiCO, etc.) are introduced to compensate for active lithium loss, but they undergo serious volumetric shrinkage during decomposition, generating voids that compromise electrode architecture integrity and deteriorate electrochemical performance. Herein, the typical Li-rich layered oxide cathode is converted into Li-rich disordered rocksalt oxide (LRDO) prelithiation agent, achieving 330 mAh g charge capacity and retaining 130 mAh g reversible capacity (contributing 200 mAh g irreversible prelithiation capacity).

High Throughput Detection of Onset Potentials of HER Electrodes by an Optical Polarization Imaging Method.

Efficient hydrogen production through water electrolysis relies on catalytic electrodes with low onset potentials and uniform activity. This study presents an optical polarization imaging technique for real-time, in situ mapping of the activity distribution on catalytic electrode surfaces during the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in water electrolysis. By monitoring changes in the degree of polarization (DoP) of the reflected light during bubble formation on the electrode surface, this technique quantitatively analyzes the hydrogen evolution activity.

LGR5/mTORC2 axis regulates cellular metabolic plasticity to maintain tumorigenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs)/tumor-initiating cells (TICs) withstand metabolic stress and maintain cell survival by means of metabolic reprogramming. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. Additionally, it is unknown how to orchestrate metabolic vulnerability of CSCs.

Investigating the shared genetic information between serum concentration levels of liver enzymes and cholelithiasis.

Background: Liver injury is associated with cholelithiasis, with changes in liver enzyme levels potentially influencing cholelithiasis risk. This study investigates the shared genetic basis between serum levels of four liver enzymes and cholelithiasis using summary data from large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS).

Methods: We assessed genetic correlation between liver enzymes and cholelithiasis, and performed local genetic correlation analysis to identify shared genomic regions.

Chiral P,N,N-Ligands for the Manganese-Catalyzed Asymmetric Formal Hydroamination of Allylic Alcohols.

Application of chiral P,N,N-ligands in the manganese-catalyzed formal asymmetric hydroamination of allylic alcohols through a borrowing-hydrogen strategy was demonstrated. A series of racemic allylic alcohols could react with various secondary amines, affording chiral γ-amino alcohols in up to 93% yield with 96% ee.

Comparison of the estrogen withdrawal and chronic restraint stress and the maternal separation in mice postpartum depression modeling.

Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a severe psychological and psychiatric disorder that affects women during the perinatal period. Animal models play a crucial role in studying the pathogenesis of PPD. However, a comprehensive comparison of the distinctive features of estrogen withdrawal (EW), chronic restraint stress (CRS), and maternal separation (MS) rodent models, which are commonly used in PPD research, is lacking.

Study on the Correlation between i and i of Electrode in Vanadium Flow Batteries by In-Situ Weak Measurement Imaging.

Traditional characterization techniques for vanadium flow batteries (VFBs) electrodes demonstrate significant limitations in resolving spatially heterogeneous reaction characteristics on electrode surfaces and efficiently characterizing large-scale working electrodes. Consequently, mapping electrode activity distributions and establishing efficient screening strategies for high-performance electrodes are critical for advancing VFBs research. Building on prior studies, this work employs weak measurement imaging (WMi) methodology to spatially characterize reaction activity distributions on VFBs positive electrode surfaces and quantitatively analyze electrode reaction parameters (i and i).

Reassessing anionic redox in conventional layered oxide cathodes for Li-ion batteries: ionic and covalent mechanisms.

Efforts to improve the specific capacity and energy density of lithium nickel-cobalt-manganese oxide (NCM) cathodes focus on operating at high voltages or increasing nickel content. However, both approaches necessitate a thorough understanding of the charge compensation mechanism. Traditional ionic-bonding models which separate transition metal (TM) and oxygen redox processes prove inadequate as anionic redox becomes significant, ignoring crucial metal-oxygen interactions.

Erbium-doped cobalt oxide with an electron supply effect boosting electrocatalytic oxygen evolution.

Cobalt oxide for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) often suffers from over-oxidation and structural instability under alkaline conditions. We develop erbium (Er)-doped CoO microspheres with the assistance of L-aspartic acid, which show superior OER activity and stability by leveraging the electron supply effect of Er to optimize electron structure and prevent over-oxidation.

Engineered mesenchymal stromal cells with bispecific polyvalent peptides suppress excessive neutrophil infiltration and boost therapy.

Excessive neutrophil infiltration can exacerbate inflammation and tissue damage, contributing to conditions like autoimmune disorders and liver diseases. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) share homing mechanisms with neutrophils, showing promise for treating such diseases. However, ex vivo expanded MSCs often suffer from reduced homing efficiency due to the loss of essential ligands.

Unravelling the Oxygen Evolution Mechanism of Lithium-Rich Antifluorite Prelithiation Agent Based on Anionic Oxidation.

Developing sacrificial cathode prelithiation technology to compensate for irreversible lithium loss is crucial for enhancing the energy density of lithium-ion batteries. Antifluorite Li-rich LiFeO (LFO) is a promising prelithiation agent due to its high theoretical capacity (867 mAh g) and superior decomposition dynamic (<4.0 V vs.

Esketamine ameliorates prenatal stress-induced postpartum depression and sex-related behavioral differences in adolescent progeny.

Background: Prenatal stress leads to postpartum depression and is associated with developmental issues in offspring. Esketamine quickly and effectively prevents or treats postpartum depression. However, the long-term effects of esketamine on progeny development are unknown.

CD69CD103CD8 tissue-resident memory T cells possess stronger anti-tumor activity and predict better prognosis in colorectal cancer.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide. Despite advancements in therapeutic methodologies, it still causes a high rate of patient mortality. CD8 tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells are strategically positioned to mediate effective anti-tumor responses.

Elucidating the Structural Evolution of O3-type NaNiFeMnO: A Prototype Cathode for Na-Ion Battery.

Extending the depth-of-charge (DoC) of the layered oxide cathode presents an essential route to improve the competitiveness of the Na-ion battery versus the commercialized LiFePO-based Li-ion battery (0.8 CNY/Wh). However, the DoC-dependent boundary between detrimental/irreversible structural distortion and neutral/reversible structure interconversion cannot be clearly distinguished, which is attributed to the ambiguous recognition of correlation among the complex phase transition, local covalent environment evolution, and charge compensation.

An FeNiSe/holey-graphene composite with superior rate capability enabled by in-plane holes for sodium-ion batteries.

FeNiSe@holey-graphene (FNS@HG) has been prepared by growth and simultaneous perforation a carbothermal reaction. The generation of nanoholes on the graphene sheets significantly reduced the diffusion distance of electrolyte ions, enhancing the rate capability of FNS@HG as an anode material for sodium-ion batteries.

Simultaneous de novo calling and phasing of genetic variants at chromosome-scale using NanoStrand-seq.

The successful accomplishment of the first telomere-to-telomere human genome assembly, T2T-CHM13, marked a milestone in achieving completeness of the human reference genome. The upcoming era of genome study will focus on fully phased diploid genome assembly, with an emphasis on genetic differences between individual haplotypes. Most existing sequencing approaches only achieved localized haplotype phasing and relied on additional pedigree information for further whole-chromosome scale phasing.

Comprehensive Urinary Proteome Profiling Analysis Identifies Diagnosis and Relapse Surveillance Biomarkers for Bladder Cancer.

Bladder cancer (BCa) is the predominant malignancy of the urinary system. Herein, a comprehensive urine proteomic feature was initially established for the noninvasive diagnosis and recurrence monitoring of bladder cancer. 279 cases (63 primary BCa, 87 nontumor controls (NT), 73 relapsed BCa (BCR), and 56 nonrelapsed BCa (BCNR)) were collected to screen urinary protein biomarkers.

Cancer stem cell-immune cell crosstalk in the tumor microenvironment for liver cancer progression.

Crosstalk between cancer cells and the immune microenvironment is determinant for liver cancer progression. A tumor subpopulation called liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) significantly accounts for the initiation, metastasis, therapeutic resistance, and recurrence of liver cancer. Emerging evidence demonstrates that the interaction between liver CSCs and immune cells plays a crucial role in shaping an immunosuppressive microenvironment and determining immunotherapy responses.

Seed and Soil: Consensus Molecular Subgroups (CMS) and Tumor Microenvironment Features Between Primary Lesions and Metastases of Different Organ Sites in Colorectal Cancer.

Purpose: Consensus molecular subtypes (CMS) are mainly used for biological interpretability and clinical stratification of colorectal cancer (CRC) in primary tumors (PT) but few in metastases. The heterogeneity of CMS distribution in metastases and the concordance of CMS between PT and metastases still lack sufficient study. We used CMS to classify CRC metastases and combine it with histopathological analysis to explore differences between PT and distant metastases.

TLR2-dependent and independent pyroptosis in dTHP-1 cells induced by MG-1.

In the immune system, the detection of pathogens through various mechanisms triggers immune responses. Several types of specific programmed cell deaths play a role in the inflammatory reaction. This study emphasizes the inflammatory response induced by .

TET2-mediated tumor cGAS triggers endothelial STING activation to regulate vasculature remodeling and anti-tumor immunity in liver cancer.

Induction of tumor vascular normalization is a crucial measure to enhance immunotherapy efficacy. cGAS-STING pathway is vital for anti-tumor immunity, but its role in tumor vasculature is unclear. Herein, using preclinical liver cancer models in Cgas/Sting-deficient male mice, we report that the interdependence between tumor cGAS and host STING mediates vascular normalization and anti-tumor immune response.

Inhibition of ACLY overcomes cancer immunotherapy resistance via polyunsaturated fatty acids peroxidation and cGAS-STING activation.

Adenosine 5'-triphosphate citrate lyase (ACLY) is a cytosolic enzyme that converts citrate into acetyl-coenzyme A for fatty acid and cholesterol biosynthesis. ACLY is up-regulated or activated in many cancers, and targeting ACLY by inhibitors holds promise as potential cancer therapy. However, the role of ACLY in cancer immunity regulation remains poorly understood.