High temperatures and microplastic enhanced inorganic phosphorus mineralization and phoD-harboring bacterial abundance in paddy soil.

Microplastic (MP) pollution in agricultural soils poses a significant threat, particularly under changing climatic conditions. This study investigates the combined effects of MP contamination and elevated temperatures (29°C and 42°C) on paddy soil nutrient dynamics, rice physiology in heat-sensitive and heat-tolerant genotypes, rhizosphere phoD-harboring bacteria, and microbial community composition in a controlled growth chamber. Soil properties, gene expression, and microbial diversity were analyzed using flow injection analysis, qPCR, and high-throughput sequencing.

Exploring the Use of 5 Different Yo-Yo Tests in Evaluating and Fitness Profile in Team Sports: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This review aims to examine the relationship between five different Yo-Yo tests and as well as performance in various fitness tests, to provide practical guidance for fitness assessment. Thirty-three studies (n = 1362) were analyzed to qualitatively score correlation magnitude (r-values) between five different Yo-Yo tests with . The association between Yo-Yo tests and physical fitness tests were examined including 36 studies (n = 1262 participants).

A Systematic Evaluation of the Dosing Regimens for Approved Targeted Therapies and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma From a Project OPTIMUS Perspective.

Targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have significantly improved survival outcomes in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) but are often associated with high rates of adverse events, leading to dose reductions or treatment discontinuation. The FDA's recent initiative, Project OPTIMUS, emphasizes the importance of optimizing dosing regimens in oncology clinical development, and moves beyond the conventional maximum tolerated dose approach. In this study, we aimed to review and redefine the approved dosing strategies for targeted therapies and ICIs in mRCC from the Project OPTIMUS perspective, including pazopanib, axitinib, cabozantinib, sunitinib, everolimus, and nivolumab.

Model-Informed Dose Optimization of Pazopanib in Real-World Patients with Cancer.

Background And Objectives: Pazopanib is approved for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) and soft tissue sarcoma (STS) in a dose of 800 mg once daily (QD) taken under fasted conditions. In clinical practice, approximately 60% of patients require dose reductions due to toxicity, with severe liver toxicity necessitating treatment interruptions in over 10% of cases. While a trough concentration (C) target of ≥ 20.

Breathable, Adhesive, and Biomimetic Skin-Like Super Tattoo.

Electronic tattoo, capable of imperceivably acquiring bio-electrical signals from the body, is broadly applied in healthcare and human-machine interface. Tattoo substrate, the foundation of electronic tattoo, is expected to be mechanically mimetic to skin, adhesive, and breathable, and yet remains highly challenging to achieve. Herein, the study mimics human skin and design a breathable, adhesive, and mechanically skin-like super tattoo substrate based on an ultra-thin film (≈2 µm).

Barley farmland harbors a highly homogeneous soil bacterial community compared to wild ecosystems in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.

Introduction: Understanding patterns and processes of microbial biogeography in soils is important for monitoring ecological responses to human activities, particularly in ecologically vulnerable areas such as the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. Highland barley is the staple food of local people and has mainly been cultivated along the Yarlung Zangbo River valley in Xizang.

Methods: Here we investigated soil bacterial communities from 33 sampling sites of highland barley farmland in this region and compared them to those from wild ecosystems including alpine tundra, meadow, forest, and swamp.

Population Pharmacokinetics of Cabozantinib in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients: Towards Drug Expenses Saving Regimens.

Introduction: Cabozantinib is one of the preferred treatment options in the latest metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) guidelines. Cabozantinib is also associated with high drug expenses irrespective of the used dose, because a flat-prizing model has been implemented. In addition, concomitant intake with a high-fat meal increases its bioavailability on average by 57%.

Endophyte-mediated enhancement of salt resistance in L. by regulation of osmotic stress and plant defense-related genes.

Introduction: Soil salinization poses a significant environmental challenge affecting plant growth and agricultural sustainability. This study explores the potential of salt-tolerant endophytes to mitigate the adverse effects of soil salinization, emphasizing their impact on the development and resistance of L. (peanuts).

The Effects of Heavy Metal Pollution on Soil Nitrogen Transformation and Rice Volatile Organic Compounds under Different Water Management Practices.

One of the most concerning global environmental issues is the pollution of agricultural soils by heavy metals (HMs), especially cadmium, which not only affects human health through Cd-containing foods but also impacts the quality of rice. The soil's nitrification and denitrification processes, coupled with the release of volatile organic compounds by plants, raise substantial concerns. In this review, we summarize the recent literature related to the deleterious effects of Cd on both soil processes related to the N cycle and rice quality, particularly aroma, in different water management practices.

Model-based exploration of the rationality of off-label use of cetirizine in Chinese pediatric patients: a prospective cohort study.

Cetirizine is frequently administered at an increased dosage in clinical practice and recommended by several guidelines. Nonetheless, the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile and real-world safety data remain insufficient in the Chinese pediatric population. The objective of the current study is to develop a population pharmacokinetic (PPK) model for cetirizine in Chinese pediatric patients and to investigate the rationale behind its off-label usage.

scCancer2: data-driven in-depth annotations of the tumor microenvironment at single-level resolution.

Summary: Single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) is a powerful technique for decoding the complex cellular compositions in the tumor microenvironment (TME). As previous studies have defined many meaningful cell subtypes in several tumor types, there is a great need to computationally transfer these labels to new datasets. Also, different studies used different approaches or criteria to define the cell subtypes for the same major cell lineages.

Simulating Synaptic Behaviors through Frequency Modulation in a Capacitor-Memristor Circuit.

Memristors, known for their adjustable and non-volatile resistance, offer a promising avenue for emulating synapses. However, achieving pulse frequency-dependent synaptic plasticity in memristors or memristive systems necessitates further exploration. In this study, we present a novel approach to modulate the conductance of a memristor in a capacitor-memristor circuit by finely tuning the frequency of input pulses.

Pre-Configured Error Pattern Ordered Statistics Decoding for CRC-Polar Codes.

In this paper, we propose a pre-configured error pattern ordered statistics decoding (PEPOSD) algorithm and discuss its application to short cyclic redundancy check (CRC)-polar codes. Unlike the traditional OSD that changes the most reliable independent symbols, we regard the decoding process as testing the error patterns, like guessing random additive noise decoding (GRAND). Also, the pre-configurator referred from ordered reliability bits (ORB) GRAND can better control the range and testing order of EPs.

Biological functions of endophytic bacteria in 'Hongsen.

Introduction: Endophytes and their host plants have co-evolved for a very long time. This relationship has led to the general recognition of endophytes as a particular class of microbial resources. 'Hongsen' is drought- and barren-resistant species that can be grown in both the north and south of China, efficiently addresses the ecological issues caused by China's 'southern eucalyptus and northern poplar.

MedOptNet: Meta-Learning Framework for Few-Shot Medical Image Classification.

In the medical research domain, limited data and high annotation costs have made efficient classification under few-shot conditions a popular research area. This paper proposes a meta-learning framework, termed MedOptNet, for few-shot medical image classification. The framework enables the use of various high-performance convex optimization models as classifiers, such as multi-class kernel support vector machines, ridge regression, and other models.

Ensemble learning-based IDS for sensors telemetry data in IoT networks.

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a paradigm that connects a range of physical smart devices to provide ubiquitous services to individuals and automate their daily tasks. IoT devices collect data from the surrounding environment and communicate with other devices using different communication protocols such as CoAP, MQTT, DDS, etc. Study shows that these protocols are vulnerable to attack and prove a significant threat to IoT telemetry data.

Revealing the promoting effect of multiple Mn valences on the catalytic activity of CeO nanorods toward soot oxidation.

Mn-modified CeO nanomaterials have attracted extensive attention as efficient and promising catalysts for soot combustion due to their low cost and high catalytic activity. However, a detailed mechanism of how Mn promotes soot oxidation over CeO is still not clearly elucidated, which is crucial to further optimize the catalyst for achieving its practical applications. We here report a Mn-doped CeO catalyst with tunable surface Mn chemical valence states to study the Mn-promoting mechanism for improving CeO catalyst activity in soot oxidation.

Building towards Automated Cyberbullying Detection: A Comparative Analysis.

The increased use of social media among digitally anonymous users, sharing their thoughts and opinions, can facilitate participation and collaboration. However, this anonymity feature which gives users freedom of speech and allows them to conduct activities without being judged by others can also encourage cyberbullying and hate speech. Predators can hide their identity and reach a wide range of audience anytime and anywhere.

Medication therapy of high-dose methotrexate: An evidence-based practice guideline of the Division of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Chinese Pharmacological Society.

Aims: A lot of medication risks related to high-dose methotrexate (HDMTX) therapy still remain to be identified and standardized. This study aims to establish an evidence-based practice guideline for individualized medication of HDMTX.

Methods: The practice guideline was launched by the Division of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Chinese Pharmacological Society.

Characterization and genome analysis of a novel Vibrio parahaemolyticus phage vB_VpP_DE17.

A novel phage vB_VpP_DE17, which infects Vibrio parahaemolyticus, was isolated from the sewer of the Huangsha aquatic market in Guangzhou. Transmission electron microscopy indicated that DE17 had an icosahedral head (47 ± 2 nm diameter) and a short, non-contractile tail (17 ± 2 nm). The genome of DE17 was a double-stranded linear DNA with a length of 43,397 bp and GC content of 49.

Diversity of endophytic bacteria in wild rice (Oryza meridionalis) and potential for promoting plant growth and degrading phthalates.

Phthalates (PAEs) accumulated in agricultural soils and rice have increased human exposure risks. Microbial degradation could efficiently reduce the residue of organic pollutants in soil and crop plants. Here, we hypothesized that endophytic bacteria from wild rice have the potential for degradation of PAEs and plant growth promoting.

Bioanalytical strategies in drug discovery and development.

A reliable, rapid, and effective bioanalytical method is essential for the determination of the pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and toxicokinetic parameters that inform the safety and efficacy profile of investigational drugs. The overall goal of bioanalytical method development is to elucidate the procedure and operating conditions under which a method can sufficiently extract, qualify, and/or quantify the analyte(s) of interest and/or their metabolites for the intended purpose. Given the difference in the physicochemical properties of small and large molecule drugs, different strategies need to be adopted for the development of an effective and efficient bioanalytical method.

Effects of Pharmacist-Led Clinical Pathway/Order Sets on Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review.

Pharmacist-led clinical pathways/order sets (PLCOs) were first applied for designated diseases and surgical operations, such as cancer. They were not used in pharmacotherapy until recently. After screening a large number of publications, we found that PLCOs were rarely accessible.

Isolation and Characterization of the Novel Phages vB_VpS_BA3 and vB_VpS_CA8 for Lysing .

Accumulating evidence has indicated that the multiple drug resistant may pose a serious threat to public health and economic concerns for humans globally. Here, two lytic bacteriophages, namely vB_VpS_BA3 and vB_VpS_CA8, were isolated from sewage collected in Guangzhou, China. Electron microscopy studies revealed both virions taxonomically belonged to the family with icosahedral head and a long non-contractile tail.

Mobility Aware Duty Cycling Algorithm (MADCAL) A Dynamic Communication Threshold for Mobile Sink in Wireless Sensor Network.

The hotspot issue in wireless sensor networks, with nodes nearest the sink node losing energy fastest and degrading network lifetime, is a well-referenced problem. Mobile sink nodes have been proposed as a solution to this. They do not completely remove the hotspot problem though, with nodes the sink passes most closely still expending more energy than others.