Penicillium citrinum-infused Biochar and externally applied auxin enhances drought tolerance and growth of Solanum lycopersicum L. by modulating physiological, biochemical and antioxidant properties.

Drought stress is a critical issue in agricultural crops as it can affect crop development, growth, physiological processes and yield. To meet nutritional needs amid rapidly dwindling water resources, it is crucial to adopt precise and efficient strategies through various amendments. Organic treatments such as biochar and the growth hormone auxin (IAA) can play a vital role in this regard.

Tailoring polyaniline with dual dopant engineering as a high efficiency cathode material for aqueous zinc ion batteries.

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) are considered a promising green energy storage system due to their environmental friendliness, intrinsic safety, and low cost. However, cathode materials still face significant challenges in practical applications due to unsatisfactory energy storage properties. Among conducting polymers (CPs), polyaniline (PAni) is regarded as the most promising candidate because of its ease of synthesis, environmental stability, adjustable electrical conductivity, and doping and de-doping chemistry.

Research note: Effects of fermented vegetable extract supplementation via drinking water on growth performance, immune function, and antioxidant status in broiler chickens.

This study investigated the effects of supplementing drinking water with fermented vegetable extract on growth performance, immune response, antioxidant activity, and hematological parameters in broiler chickens. A total of 240 one-day-old Cobb-500 broiler chicks were randomly allocated into four treatment groups, each comprising three replicates of 20 birds. The experimental groups were as follows: Group A (control, no extract), Group B (0.

An integrated deep learning framework using adaptive enhanced vision fusion and modified mobilenet architecture for precision classification of skin diseases with enhanced diagnostic performance.

Due to challenges such as illumination variability, noise, and visual distortions, machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) approaches for skin disease evaluation remain complex. Traditional methods often neglect these issues, leading to skewed predictions and poor performance. This research leverages a diverse dataset and robust image processing techniques to enhance diagnostic accuracy under such demanding conditions.

Carbon Footprint of Laparoscopic Appendicectomy: A Prospective Observational Study at a Tertiary Care NHS Trust Hospital.

Introduction Climate change is a significant global challenge as a result of rising greenhouse gas emissions. The National Health Service (NHS), as one of the biggest contributors to the United Kingdom's emissions, has a net-zero carbon emissions target. Operating theatres have a large resource burden in hospitals, and the laparoscopic appendicectomy (LA) is one of the most commonly performed procedures.

A new approach of anomaly detection in shopping center surveillance videos for theft prevention based on RLCNN model.

The amount of video data produced daily by today's surveillance systems is enormous, making analysis difficult for computer vision specialists. It is challenging to continuously search these massive video streams for unexpected accidents because they occur seldom and have little chance of being observed. Contrarily, deep learning-based anomaly detection decreases the need for human labor and has comparably trustworthy decision-making capabilities, hence promoting public safety.

Intravenous Magnesium Sulphate as an Adjuvant Therapy for Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

: Intravenous magnesium sulfate (IV MgSO) may serve as an effective adjunct therapy to improve clinical outcomes in patients experiencing acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPDs). : A comprehensive search was conducted on PubMed, Cochrane, and EMBASE from inception to April 2025 to find eligible studies comparing IV MgSO plus standard treatment versus standard treatment alone. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan.

Nano-engineered biochar enhances soil microbial interactions and maize transcriptomic pathways for cadmium detoxification.

Cadmium (Cd) contamination threatens agroecosystems and food security by degrading soil health, inducing plant oxidative stress, and reducing crop yields. Sustainable strategies integrating biochar (BC) with nanoparticles (NPs) for Cd immobilization and soil-plant-microbe restoration remain underexplored. Here, we demonstrate the efficacy of BC, nano-silicon (nSi), and nano-iron (nFe) to immobilize Cd, improve soil health and reprogram maize stress responses in Cd-contaminated soil.

Exploring the anti-diabetic potential of banana peel extracts: Impact of maceration and ultrasonication on bioactive compounds and glycemic control in diabetic rabbits.

Banana peel is an excellent source of fibre and antioxidants. In the current study, extraction parameters for banana peels were optimized using various extraction methods (sonication and maceration), solvents (acetone, ethanol, and methanol) and solvent concentrations (25, 50, 75, 100 %). Furthermore, the antioxidant, antimicrobial and in-vivo diabetic potential of banana peel extracts (BPE) was investigated.

Discovery of High-Capacity Asymmetric Three-Stage Redox Reactions of Iodine for Aqueous Batteries.

Iodine-based batteries have emerged prominently in grid energy storage due to their cost-effectiveness and versatility. However, traditional iodine cathodes featuring I/I mechanisms struggle to meet the current demands for high-energy-density batteries, considering their limited specific capacity and voltage. Here, we discover a unique eight-electron-transfer asymmetric three-stage conversion of iodine facilitated by the formation of interhalogens.

Low-Abundance Serum Protein Biomarker Candidates for HCC in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, often presenting diagnostic challenges in patients with underlying liver cirrhosis (CIRR). In this study, we employed both untargeted and targeted analysis of low-abundance serum proteins to identify potential biomarkers for HCC. In the untargeted study, we identified 15 proteins that exhibited statistically significant differential expression in HCC vs CIRR.

A hybrid steganography framework using DCT and GAN for secure data communication in the big data era.

The growth of the internet and big data has spurred the demand for more extensive information hoarding to store and distribute information. In today's digital era, ensuring the security of data transmission is paramount. Advancements in digital technology have facilitated the proliferation of high-resolution graphics over the Internet, raising security concerns and enabling unauthorized access to sensitive data.

Evaluation of antioxidant and morphophysiological alterations in polyethylene glycol primed L. under sodium fluoride stress.

Among the abiotic stresses that adversely affect plants, sodium fluoride (NaF) interferes with physicochemical parameters, reducing growth, yield, and biomass accumulation in various plants, particularly radish L.). Sodium fluoride negatively interacts with several pathways related to photosynthesis, protein synthesis, and antioxidant activity.

Insight into polyethylene glycol-mediated physiochemical, nutritional, and antioxidative defense modulations in salt-stressed L.

Unlabelled: Salinity is one of the most crucial factors that impede various morphological and physiological parameters, eventually reducing crop production. Chemical and physical weathering, in addition to poor irrigation practices, enhances soil salinity. Radish ( L), a leafy and root vegetable, is cultivated worldwide because of its nutritional value.

Determinants of treatment outcome in children with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: a tertiary care hospital experience.

This study aimed to analyze the significant factors associated with unsuccessful treatment outcomes among multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in children under 18. This observational study was conducted at the Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur, Pakistan, at the Programmatic Management Unit of the National Tuberculosis Control Program of Pakistan. The data were collected retrospectively using the Electronic Nominal Recording Reporting System records for all the eligible drug-resistant tuberculosis patients registered at the study sites between June 2014 and September 2022.

Comparative study of humoral and cellular immunity against SARS-CoV-2 induced by different COVID-19 vaccine types: Insights into protection against wildtype, Delta and JN.1 omicron strains.

We investigated the effectiveness of different COVID-19 vaccinations administered in Pakistan by studying the effect of inactivated virus, mRNA and vector formulations. This study in 916 participants was conducted between October 2021 and July 2022. Subjects receiving inactivated (A), mRNA (B), one-dose vector (C), and two-dose vector (D) vaccines were sampled at baseline, 6, 12, and 24 weeks.

Synergistic Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Effects of Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) and Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats.

Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) and Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) are traditional remedies for diabetes management.

CAD-Skin: A Hybrid Convolutional Neural Network-Autoencoder Framework for Precise Detection and Classification of Skin Lesions and Cancer.

Skin cancer is a class of disorder defined by the growth of abnormal cells on the body. Accurately identifying and diagnosing skin lesions is quite difficult because skin malignancies share many common characteristics and a wide range of morphologies. To face this challenge, deep learning algorithms have been proposed.

New Methyl and Ethyl Gallate Esters Linked Chlorinated Benzoyl Derivatives as Anti-Candida albicans Agents: Isolation, Semi-Synthesis, In Vitro and In Silico Studies.

Fungal infections caused by pathogenic fungi, particularly Candida albicans, range from oral thrush to severe systemic infections, especially in immunocompromised individuals. To address this, we employed a single-step reaction procedure to esterify methyl gallate (MG) and ethyl gallate (EG), isolated from the EtOAc-soluble fraction of the hydromethanolic leaf extract of Vachellia nilotica L. (Fabaceae), using substituted benzoyl chlorides.

Comparative analysis of text-based plagiarism detection techniques.

In text analysis, identifying plagiarism is a crucial area of study that looks for copied information in a document and determines whether or not the same author writes portions of the text. With the emergence of publicly available tools for content generation based on large language models, the problem of inherent plagiarism has grown in importance across various industries. Students are increasingly committing plagiarism as a result of the availability and use of computers in the classroom and the generally extensive accessibility of electronic information found on the internet.

Clinical manifestations of Long-COVID: an observational perspective.

Objectives: Coronavirus Disease-19, also known as COVID-19, resulted in a pandemic that caused massive health concerns and economic losses globally. Worldwide, people are still facing persistent clinical symptoms following COVID-19 infection, characterized as Long-COVID. This study aimed to assess the experience and awareness of Long-COVID clinical symptoms in Saudi Arabia.

Targeting OPA1 protein for therapeutic intervention in autosomal dominant optic atrophy: In silico drug discovery.

Autosomal dominant hereditary optic atrophy (ADOA) is a prevalent hereditary condition characterized by the gradual and simultaneous deterioration of vision. Mutations in Optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) have been linked to ADOA, the prevailing form of inherited optic neuropathy. However, the current therapeutic options are limited.