Effects of phospholipase C inhibition on the regulation of membrane lipid metabolism in maize leaves.

Introduction: Phospholipase C (PLC) is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of glycerophospholipids and can be classified as phospholipase-specific PLC (PI-PLC) and non-specific PLC (NPC) depending on its specific substrate.

Methods: In this study, neomycin sulfate (NS, 100 mM) was used to inhibit the activity of phospholipase C in maize seedlings, and the effect of phospholipase C on lipid metabolism was investigated by combined analysis of transcriptome and lipidome.

Results: Lipidomic analysis showed that when PLC was inhibited, the content of phospholipids showed more than 10% increase due to the elevated accumulation of PC and PE.

Observation of Bloch Flatbands and Localized States in Moiré Bilayer Grating.

Here, we explore the formation of Bloch flatbands in photonic moiré bilayer grating. The stacking-induced interlayer coupling contrast serves as a crucial condition for flatband formation. The number of Bloch flatbands is related to the number of antinodes present within one unitcell of monolayer grating.

Topological water-wave structures manipulating particles.

Topological wave structures, such as vortices, polarization textures and skyrmions, appear in various quantum and classical wave fields, including optics and acoustics. In particular, optical vortices have found numerous applications, ranging from quantum information to astrophysics. Furthermore, both optical and acoustic structured waves are crucial in the manipulation of small particles, from atoms to macroscopic biological objects.

Optical trapping using quasi-bound states in the continuum of photonic crystal slab.

This paper explores efficient and stable optical trapping using quasi-bound states in the continuum (quasi-BICs) in photonic crystal slabs. By breaking inversion symmetry by transforming square holes into isosceles trapezoidal holes, we create quasi-BICs with finite quality factors. Calculations show that optical forces at enhanced electric field locations effectively trap particles, with significant potential wells at these sites.

Spin-Orbit-Locking Chiral Bound States in the Continuum.

Bound states in the continuum (BICs), which are confined optical modes exhibiting infinite quality factors and carrying topological polarization configurations in momentum space, have recently sparked significant interest across both fundamental and applied physics. Here, we show that breaking time-reversal symmetry by an external magnetic field enables a new form of chiral BICs with spin-orbit locking. Applying a magnetic field to a magneto-optical photonic crystal slab lifts doubly degenerate BICs into a pair of chiral BICs carrying opposite pseudospins and orbital angular momenta.

PD-L1 expression and its correlation with clinicopathological and molecular characteristics in Chinese patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Little is known about the relationship between programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and histologic and genetic features in real-world Chinese non-small cell lung cancer patients. From November 2017 to June 2019, tumor tissues were collected from 2674 non-small cell lung cancer patients. PD-L1 expression was detected with immunohistochemistry using the 22C3 and SP263 antibodies, and patients were stratified into subgroups based on a tumor proportion score of 1%, 1% to 49%, and ≥ 50%.

Generation of Spatiotemporal Vortex Pulses by Resonant Diffractive Grating.

Spatiotemporal vortex pulses are wave packets that carry transverse orbital angular momentum, exhibiting exotic structured wave fronts that can twist through space and time. Existing methods to generate these pulses require complex setups like spatial light modulators or computer-optimized structures. Here, we demonstrate a new approach to generate spatiotemporal vortex pulses using just a simple diffractive grating.

Realization of large transmitted Goos-Hänchen shifts with high (near 100%) transmittance based on a coupled double-layer grating system.

Achieving Goos-Hänchen shift enhancement with high transmittance or reflectance based on the resonance effect is challenging due to the drop in the resonance region. This Letter demonstrates the realization of large transmitted Goos-Hänchen shifts with high (near 100%) transmittance based on a coupled double-layer grating system. The double-layer grating is composed of two parallel and misaligned subwavelength dielectric gratings.

Realization of ultrawide-angle high transmission and its applications in 5G millimeter-wave communications.

By using single-layer metasurfaces, we realized ultrawide-angle high-transmission in the millimeter-wave band, which allowed more than 98% transmission of dual-polarized electromagnetic waves for almost all incident angles. The multipolar expansion method was used to analyze and verify the condition of the generalized Kerker effect at the corresponding reflected angles. Using quartz glass substrates with the same metallic periodic structures, electromagnetic windows are proposed that can improve any-directed 5G millimeter-wave communication signals from outdoor to indoor environments.

Lipophilic Magnetic Photonic Nanochains for Practical Anticounterfeiting.

Magnetic photonic crystals (PCs) possess attractive magnetic orientation, flexible pattern designability, and abundant angle-dependent colors, providing immense potential in anticounterfeiting field. However, all-solid magnetic PCs-based labels generally suffer from incompatibility with screen printing techniques, and inferior environmental endurance and mechanical properties. Herein, by developing a selective concentration polymerization method under magnetic field (H) in microheterogenous dimethyl sulfoxide-water binary solvents, individual tens-of-micrometer-length lipophilic magnetic photonic nanochains (PNCs) of full-width at half-maxima below 30 nm are fabricated, which, after simply dispersed in solvent-free cycloaliphatic epoxy resin, can be formulated as photonic inks to print robust anticounterfeiting labels through an H-assisted screen-printing technology.

Polarization Singularities of Photonic Quasicrystals in Momentum Space.

We report the observation of polarization singularities in momentum space of 2D photonic quasicrystal slabs. Supercell approximation and band-unfolding approach are applied to obtain approximate photonic dispersions and the far-field polarization states defined on them. We discuss the relations between the topological charges of the polarization vortex singularities at Γ points and the symmetries of photonic quasicrystal slabs.

Flat-Lens Focusing of Electron Beams in Graphene.

Coupling electron beams carrying information into electronic units is fundamental in microelectronics. This requires precision manipulation of electron beams through a coupler with a good focusing ability. In graphene, the focusing of wide electron beams has been successfully demonstrated by a circular p-n junction.