Targeted deprivation of STAT6 sensitizes acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells to cytarabine in vivo and in vitro: clinical implications.

Chemotherapy is the leading treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, many ALL patients eventually develop relapses, the treatment of which remains a major challenge due to their chemoresistance phenotype. As a step towards this end, we here uncovered that relapsed ALL specimens exhibit a significantly lower expression of STAT6 but not of other STATs, when compared with their paired diagnosis specimens.

Investigating the Underlying Mechanisms of Ma-Xing-Shi-Gan-Tang on Asthma via Metabolomics and Network Pharmacology.

Objective: Ma-xing-shi-gan-tan (MXSGT) was first published in "Shang-han-lun". It functions as a heat-clearing agent, lung-clearing formula, and asthma reliever. This study aims to evaluate the therapeutic effect of MXSGT on asthma and elucidate its underlying mechanisms.

Formal α-Nucleophilic Addition to Electron-Deficient Alkenes by Photoredox and Copper Dual Catalysis.

Difunctionalization of olefins provides an efficient method for the construction of complex molecules. However, direct nucleophilic addition at the α-carbon of α,β-unsaturated olefins is relatively sluggish due to an electronic mismatch. Here, we report a synergetic photoredox/copper system to achieve sulfonylation of electron-deficient alkenes via a SO-insertion strategy.

Tactile and olfactory stimulation reduce anxiety and enhance autonomic balance: a multisensory approach for healthcare settings.

Anxiety in healthcare environments-particularly in dental clinics-presents a significant challenge, often impairing patient cooperation and clinical outcomes. This study investigated the effectiveness of multisensory engagement-combining visual, tactile, and olfactory stimuli-in reducing anxiety and promoting physiological relaxation within a dental clinic setting. A within-subject experimental design was employed, exposing 40 participants to five conditions: control (no sensory input), visual (plant observation), tactile (plant interaction), olfactory (plant scent), and combined tactile-olfactory stimulation.

Wearable Electrical-impedance-tomography Armband for Noninvasive and Continuous Bone Monitoring.

Medical inspection systems such as digital radiography (DR) and computed tomography (CT) are limited in the continuous monitoring of fracture healing due to cumulative radiation exposure. This work presents a wearable 16-electrode armband incorporating electrical impedance tomography (EIT) for noninvasive, continuous monitoring of arm bones. The EIT armband applies stimulation current on the skin surface with a defined drive pattern and detects response voltages across electrodes.

Neuritin-specific antibody impedes the Treg-mediated suppression of anti-tumor immunity and enhances response to anti-PD1.

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) and effector T cells play critical roles in tumor immunity, with Tregs suppressing immune responses and contributing to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Neuritin-1 (Nrn), a neuropeptide, has been identified to enhance Treg expansion. However, its role in T cell biology and tumor development remains unclear.

Imaging based artificial intelligence for predicting lymph node metastasis in cervical cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: This meta-analysis was conducted to assess the diagnostic performance of artificial intelligence (AI) based on imaging for detecting lymph node metastasis (LNM) among cervical cancer patients and to compare its performance with that of radiologists.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science to identify relevant studies published up to October 2024. The search followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Diagnostic Test Accuracy (PRISMA-DTA) guidelines.

An update review of the application of single-cell RNA sequencing in pregnancy-related diseases.

Reproductive success hinges on the presence of a robust and functional placenta. Examining the placenta provides insight about the progression of pregnancy and valuable information about the normal developmental trajectory of the fetus. The current limitations of using bulk RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis stem from the diverse composition of the placenta, hindering a comprehensive description of how distinct trophoblast cell expression patterns contribute to the establishment and sustenance of a successful pregnancy.

Correction: A multifunctional black phosphorus nanosheet-based immunomagnetic bio-interface for heterogeneous circulating tumor cell capture and simultaneous self-identification in gastric cancer patients.

Correction for 'A multifunctional black phosphorus nanosheet-based immunomagnetic bio-interface for heterogeneous circulating tumor cell capture and simultaneous self-identification in gastric cancer patients' by Yifan Zuo , , 2023, , 3872-3883, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2NR04277K.

The role of mitochondria in tumor metastasis and advances in mitochondria-targeted cancer therapy.

Mitochondria are central actors in diverse physiological phenomena ranging from energy metabolism to stress signaling and immune modulation. Accumulating scientific evidence points to the critical involvement of specific mitochondrial-associated events, including mitochondrial quality control, intercellular mitochondrial transfer, and mitochondrial genetics, in potentiating the metastatic cascade of neoplastic cells. Furthermore, numerous recent studies have consistently emphasized the highly significant role mitochondria play in coordinating the regulation of tumor-infiltrating immune cells and immunotherapeutic interventions.

Correlation between obesity-related indices and hypertension.

Objectives: To explore the correlation between obesity-related indices and hypertension, as well as their predictive ability for hypertension, to provide new insights for the prevention and treatment of the disease.

Methods: This retrospective study included participants aged over 18 years from Chongqing General Hospital, spanning January 2023 to January 2024. Based on the presence or absence of hypertension, 160 participants were divided into two groups: an observation group (with hypertension, n=83) and a control group (without hypertension, n=77).

A sugary solution: Harnessing polysaccharide-based materials for osteoporosis treatment.

Osteoporosis, a prevalent skeletal disorder characterized by diminished bone density, compromised microstructure, and heightened fracture susceptibility, poses a growing public health concern exacerbated by aging demographics. Polysaccharides-based materials, derived from a diverse range of sources, exhibit exceptional biocompatibility. They possess a structure similar to the extracellular matrix, which can enhance cell adhesion in vivo, and demonstrate superior biological activity compared to artificial materials.

Dominating Alzheimer's disease diagnosis with deep learning on sMRI and DTI-MD.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder that has become one of the major health concerns for the elderly. Computer-aided AD diagnosis can assist doctors in quickly and accurately determining patients' severity and affected regions.

Methods: In this paper, we propose a method called MADNet for computer-aided AD diagnosis using multimodal datasets.

Causal associations between fluid intake patterns and dermatitis risk: a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Dermatitis is one of the most common skin disorders across the world. Atopic dermatitis (AD) and contact dermatitis (CD) are its two primary types. Few studies have focused on the causal relationship between fluid intake and dermatitis.

SENP2-NDR2-p21 axis modulates lung cancer cell growth.

Sentrin/small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO)-specific proteases (SENPs) perform pivotal roles in SUMO maturation and recycling, which modulate the balance of SUMOylation/de-SUMOylation and spatiotemporal functions of SUMOylation targets. The malfunction of SENPs often results in cellular dysfunction and various diseases. However, studies rarely investigated the correlation between SENP2 and lung cancer.

Layer-by-layer fabrication of alginate/polyethyleneimine multilayer on magnetic interface with enhanced efficiency in immuno-capturing circulating tumor cells.

Background: The technology of capturing circulating tumor cells (CTCs) plays a crucial role in the diagnosis, evaluation of therapeutic efficacy, and prediction of prognosis in lung cancer. However, the presence of complex blood environment often results in severe nonspecific protein adsorption and interferences from blood cells, which negatively impacts the specificity of CTCs capture. There is a great need for development of novel nanomaterials for CTCs capture with prominent anti-nonspecific adsorptions from proteins or blood cells.

Trans-electrode pressure of gas-diffusion electrodes significantly influencing the electrochemical hydrogen peroxide production.

Hydrogen peroxide (HO) synthesis by electrochemical two-electron oxygen reduction has garnered increasing interest as a wide range of potential applications. Gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs) can effectively promote the HO production efficiency by overcoming the oxygen mass transfer limitations but strongly influenced by the electrowetting process along the long-term operation. In this study, the effect of trans-electrode pressure (TEP) of GDE cathode on the electrowetting process was further elucidated.

Characteristic abnormal expression of galectin-3 in serrated colon lesions and its pathological significance.

Serrated lesions are precursors of some colon cancers. The expression of galectin-3 has been reported to be involved in and mutations (the key pathogenic drivers of serrated lesions). This study aimed to investigate the expression intensity and subcellular localization of galectin-3 in serrated colon lesions by immunohistochemistry.

Genetic insights into the role of cathepsins in cardiovascular diseases: a Mendelian randomization study.

Aims: This study aimed to explore the causal relationships between cathepsins and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) by Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Methods And Results: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with nine cathepsin types (cathepsins B, E, F, G, H, O, S, L2, and Z) were obtained from the INTERVAL study (3301 individuals). CVDs data were acquired from the UK Biobank (coronary atherosclerosis: 14 334 cases, 346 860 controls) and a genome-wide association study (GWAS) (myocardial infarction: 20 917 cases, 440 906 controls; myocarditis: 633 cases, 427 278 controls; chronic heart failure: 14 262 cases, 471 898 controls; angina pectoris: 30 025 cases, 440 906 controls; stable angina pectoris: 17 894 cases, 325 132 controls; unstable angina pectoris: 9481 cases, 446 987 controls; pericarditis: 1795 cases, 453 370 controls).

Deep learning-based spinal canal segmentation of computed tomography image for disease diagnosis: A proposed system for spinal stenosis diagnosis.

Background: Lumbar disc herniation was regarded as an age-related degenerative disease. Nevertheless, emerging reports highlight a discernible shift, illustrating the prevalence of these conditions among younger individuals.

Methods: This study introduces a novel deep learning methodology tailored for spinal canal segmentation and disease diagnosis, emphasizing image processing techniques that delve into essential image attributes such as gray levels, texture, and statistical structures to refine segmentation accuracy.

Asparagine endopeptidase deficiency mitigates radiation-induced brain injury by suppressing microglia-mediated neuronal senescence.

Mounting evidence supports the role of neuroinflammation in radiation-induced brain injury (RIBI), a chronic disease characterized by delayed and progressive neurological impairment. Asparagine endopeptidase (AEP), also known as legumain (LGMN), participates in multiple malignancies and neurodegenerative diseases and may potentially be involved in RIBI. Here, we found AEP expression was substantially elevated in the cortex and hippocampus of wild-type () mice following whole-brain irradiation.

Withaferin A, a natural thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1) inhibitor, synergistically enhances the antitumor efficacy of sorafenib through ROS-mediated ER stress and DNA damage in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Background: Sorafenib (Sora), a multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is widely recognized as a standard chemotherapy treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, drug resistance mechanisms hinder its anticancer efficacy. Derived from Withania somnifera, Withaferin A (WA) exhibits remarkable anti-tumor properties as a natural bioactive compound.

Combined simultaneous transsphenoidal and transcranial regimen improves surgical outcomes in complex giant pituitary adenomas: a longitudinal retrospective cohort study.

Background: Surgical treatment of complex giant pituitary adenomas (GPAs) presents significant challenges. The efficacy and safety of combining transsphenoidal and transcranial approaches for these tumors remain controversial. In this largest cohort of patients with complex GPAs, we compared the surgical outcomes between those undergoing a combined regimen and a non-combined regimen.