The Role of Methylmalonic Acid in the Risk of Sarcopenia and All-Cause Mortality Among Individuals With Sarcopenia: Evidence From NHANES.

Mitochondrial dysfunction is increasingly recognized as a driver of sarcopenia pathogenesis, progression, and prognosis. Muscle mass is a fundamental and objective component of sarcopenia. In some studies, relative muscle loss has been used to define sarcopenia.

[Effect and mechanism of Moringa oleifera leaves, seeds, and velamen in improving learning and memory impairments in mice based on transcriptomic and metabolomic].

Moringa oleifera, widely utilized in Ayurvedic medicine, is recognized for its leaves, seeds, and velamen possessing traditional effects such as vātahara(wind alleviation), sirovirecaka(brain clearing), and hridya(mental nourishment). This study aims to identify the medicinal part of ■ in the Sārasvata ghee formulation as described in the Bower Manuscript, while investigating the ameliorative effects of different medicinal parts of M. oleifera on learning and memory deficits in mice and elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms.

Cell and cellular component based micro/nanomotors.

In recent decades, micromotors and nanomotors, as an important branch of nanotechnology, have flourished in the biomedical field. Because of their tiny size, complex structure, precise control, good biocompatibility and safety, micro/nanomotors (MNMs) can effectively overcome the obstacles of poor targeting and low bioavailability of traditional drug delivery, which makes them have broad application prospects and development potential in many fields. Compared with other micro/nanomotor structural materials, cell/cellular component based nanomotors occupy significant advantages in terms of biocompatibility and biodegradability.

Triggered Photoexcited Electrons Transfer and Spin Polarization through 3dx-y-2p Orbital Hybridization for Synergistic Solar-Thermal/Photocatalytic Water Purification.

Although solar steam generation has been combined with photocatalytic degradation for purifying wastewater, the inherent synergistic effects on enhancing solar-thermal water evaporation and photodegradation are poorly understood. Herein, synergistic solar-thermal and photocatalytic purification of wastewater triggered by photoexcited electron transfer and spin polarization is realized by designing a flow-bed water purification system with a bacterial cellulose/α-FeO nanodisk/carbon nanotube (BFC) composite film for the continuous solar-thermal evaporation of water and simultaneous photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants. The photogenerated electrons in the 3dx-y orbitals of the Fe atoms of α-FeO can transfer to the 2p orbitals of the C atoms of carbon nanotubes, induced by the work function differences.

Immunotherapy against tau fragment diminishes AD pathology, improving synaptic function and cognition.

Background: Asparagine endopeptidase (AEP) is implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by cleaving Tau at residue N368, accelerating its hyperphosphorylation and aggregation. The Tau N368/t-Tau ratio in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) serves as a superior biomarker compared to established biomarkers (p-Tau 181/217) for correlating with tau pathology and synaptic dysfunction in patients with AD, highlighting its diagnostic and therapeutic potential.

Methods: We evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of a Tau N368-specific antibody in two mouse models: Tau P301S (tauopathy) and 3xTg (AD with Aβ/tau pathology).

Al-Dependent Anisotropic Facet Tailoring on SrTiO Single Crystal for Photocatalytic Overall Water Splitting.

Controllable fabrication of single-crystal metal oxide is of paramount importance for advanced photo(electro)catalytic applications, but achieving nonequilibrium crystal shapes with tailored facets through molten salt synthesis still remains a challenge. Herein, we systematically explored the effect of Al concentration in tailoring crystal facets of SrTiO single crystals and developed a one-step molten salt strategy for engineering anisotropic structures by using miscible AlCl as Al additive. By progressively increasing Al concentration, a series of high-quality SrTiO single crystals exposing {100}, {111}, and {110} facets were sequentially synthesized.

Acoustic-Magnetic Responsive Nanomotor Augments Oral Drug Delivery by Gastrointestinal Site Navigation and Mucus Layer Penetration.

Oral administration is a traditional, safe, and widely used drug delivery strategy. However, the delivery efficiency of the oral drug delivery system is hindered by the long gastrointestinal tract, filled with dense and viscous mucus. Herein, we presented an acoustic-magnetic responsive nanomotor (MMSNP) for oral drug delivery via gastrointestinal site navigation and mucus layer penetration.

Discovery of tetracyclic 1,2,4-triazoline-fused dibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepine as a potent anti-colorectal cancer agent with good efficacy and low toxicity.

A series of tetracyclic 1,2,4-triazoline-fused dibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepines were evaluated as novel anti-tumor agents. MTT assay conducted in four human cancer cell lines (SW620, A549, MCF-7, HepG2) showed that 1,2,4-triazoline-fused dibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepine decorated by a methyl group on the benzene ring of 1,2,4-triazoline moiety exhibited a superior antiproliferative activity against SW620 cells with a IC value of 0.86 μM.

Photoredox/Palladium-Catalyzed Reduction Alkylation of Imines and Ammonium Salts via Dual C-N Bond Cleavage.

Here, we report a photoredox/palladium-catalyzed reduction alkylation of imines and ammonium salts via dual C-N cleavage. This reaction proceeds under mild, green, and operationally simple conditions, offering a broad scope of secondary amine compounds with alpha quaternary carbon. Mechanistic studies indicate that the α-amino carbanion, generated by a successive single-electron transfer process, is a key intermediate in photoredox/palladium catalysis.

A microneedle sensor for in-vivo sodium ion detection in plants.

This study introduces a novel microneedle-type potentiometric sensor designed for the in-vivo detection of sodium ions (Na) in plant tissues. The development of this sensor is crucial for advancing our understanding of plant responses to salinity stress. The microneedle sensor employs a highly selective Na ion carrier and integrates a solid-contact layer made of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly (sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT: PSS) prepared by electropolymerization.

Maternal behavior promotes resilience to adolescent stress in mice through a microglia-neuron axis.

Early life experience modulates resilience to stress in later life. Previous research implicated maternal care as a key mediator of behavioral responses to the adversity in adolescence, but details of molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we show social stress activates transcription factor C/EBPβ in mPFC neurons of adolescent mice, which transcriptionally upregulates Dnm1l and promotes mitochondrial dysfunction, thereby conferring stress susceptibility in adolescent mice.

Bioactive nanomotor enabling efficient intestinal barrier penetration for colorectal cancer therapy.

Oral drug delivery systems had natural potential for colorectal cancer drug therapy. While the drug delivery efficiency is severely hindered by the complex intestinal barriers, especially mucus and epithelium barriers, resulting in unsatisfactory therapeutic effects and limited clinical translation. In this work, a bioactive self-thermophoretic and gas dual-driven nanomotor is developed for colorectal cancer therapy through efficient intestinal mucus and epithelial barrier penetration.

Morning Glory-Inspired Biomimetic Water Purification Device with a Dry Chimney for Efficient Solar-Thermal Desalination and Simultaneous Catalytic Degradation of Organic Pollutants.

Although solar steam generation is effective in evaporating water and seawater under solar light irradiation, it is ineffective in purifying wastewater and seawater with organic pollutants. Herein, a morning glory-shaped water purification device with a dry chimney (pistil) is designed for simultaneous solar-thermal evaporation of water and catalytic degradation of organic pollutants therein, which is fabricated by decorating Au/CoFeO/carbon nanotube functional components on a hydrophilic and porous bamboo fabric substrate. Au and CoFeO are capable of forming Mott-Schottky heterostructures to create a stable built-in electric field and promote the separation of electron-hole pairs, thereby facilitating the activation of potassium peroxymonosulfate to generate reactive oxygen species and achieving a high catalytic degradation rate constant of 0.

CB-MNCs@ CS/HEC/GP promote wound healing in aged murine pressure ulcer model.

Background: Non-healing pressure ulcers impose heavy burdens on patients and clinicians. Cord blood mononuclear cells (CB-MNCs) are a novel type of tissue repair seed cells. However, their clinical application is restricted by low retention and survival rates post-transplantation.

Association between albumin changes and prognosis in older patients with acute myocardial infarction.

Background And Aims: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the leading cause of death in the world. Therefore, early identification of the prognosis of older patients with AMI are particularly urgent, and better to improve treatment. This study aimed to explore the association between albumin changes and prognosis in older patients with AMI.

Preparation of Calcium Alginate-Based Hydrogels with Precisely Designed Centrosymmetric Geometries for Efficient Water Evaporation in Response to Different Solar Incidence Angles.

Hydrogels are popular materials for desalination and can significantly reduce the vaporization enthalpy of water; however, there are few reports on hydrogels with a controllable multilevel structural design for water evaporation. Herein, a calcium alginate and traditional Chinese ink-based evaporator (CIE) are proposed and fabricated using directed freezing technology to construct radial channels, followed by freeze-drying and physical cross-linking. Because of the squeezing of ice crystals and the shaping effect of the PDMS template, the prepared evaporator exhibits a sea-urchin-shaped highly geometrical centrosymmetric structure with numerous multilevel pore channels, which promotes the rapid transport of water under different solar incidence angles as the sun rotates as well as overcomes the structural shrinkage of the hydrogel caused by insufficient water supply.

[1+5] Cyclization of Indoline-Derived Azadienes with 1,3,5-Triazinanes: An Efficient Protocol for the Synthesis of Indoline-Spiro-Hexahydropyrimidines.

An unprecedented formal [1+5] cyclization of indoline-derived azadienes with 1,3,5-triazinanes has been realized, providing a facile access to biologically important indoline-spiro-hexahydropyrimidines with good to excellent yields (up to 99 % yield). Different from previous reports, this is the first study that indoline-derived azadienes could participate in cyclizations as one-atom synthons. This methodology is also distinguished by not involving any additive or catalyst, readily available starting materials, wide range of substrate applicability, operational simplicity and simultaneously reassembling two C-N and two C-C bonds in one-step reaction.

Cyanobacteria-probiotics symbionts for modulation of intestinal inflammation and microbiome dysregulation in colitis.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is often associated with excessive inflammatory response and highly dysregulated gut microbiota. Traditional treatments utilize drugs to manage inflammation, potentially with probiotic therapy as an adjuvant. However, current standard practices often suffer from detrimental side effects, low bioavailability, and unsatisfactory therapeutic outcomes.

Modified montmorillonite armed probiotics with enhanced on-site mucus-depleted intestinal colonization and HS scavenging for colitis treatment.

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are often associated with dysregulated gut microbiota and excessive inflammatory microenvironment. Probiotic therapy combined with inflammation management is a promising approach to alleviate IBD, but the efficacy is hindered by the inferior colonization of probiotics in mucus-depleted inflammatory bowel segments. Here, we present modified montmorillonite armed probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (MMT-Fe@EcN) with enhanced intestinal colonization and hydrogen sulfide (HS) scavenging for synergistic alleviation of IBD.

Optimizing Prediction of In-Hospital Mortality in Elderly Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Nomogram Approach Using the Age-Adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index Score.

Background: To study the age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index (ACCI) scale, which is a comprehensive quantification of multimorbidity coexistence, for the assessment of the risk of acute myocardial infarction death in elderly people.

Methods And Results: A total of 502 older patients with acute myocardial infarction were studied at Qilu Hospital from September 2017 to March 2022. They were categorized on the basis of ACCI into low (≤5), intermediate (6, 7), and high (≥8) risk groups.

Thy1-ApoE4/C/EBPβ double transgenic mice act as a sporadic model with Alzheimer's disease.

Early onset familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD) with APP, PS1/2 (presenilins) mutation accounts for only a small portion of AD cases, and most are late-onset sporadic. However, majority of AD mouse models are developed to mimic the genetic cause of human AD by overexpressing mutated forms of human APP, PS1/2, and/or Tau protein, though there is no Tau mutation in AD, and no single mouse model recapitulates all aspects of AD pathology. Here, we report Thy1-ApoE4/C/EBPβ double transgenic mouse model that demonstrates key AD pathologies in an age-dependent manner in absence of any human APP or PS1/2 mutation.

Telomerase-related advances in hepatocellular carcinoma: A bibliometric and visual analysis.

Background: As a critical early event in hepatocellular carcinogenesis, telomerase activation might be a promising and critical biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, and its function in the genesis and treatment of HCC has gained much attention over the past two decades.

Aim: To perform a bibliometric analysis to systematically assess the current state of research on HCC-related telomerase.

Methods: The Web of Science Core Collection and PubMed were systematically searched to retrieve publications pertaining to HCC/telomerase limited to "articles" and "reviews" published in English.

A Neutrophil Hijacking Nanoplatform Reprograming NETosis for Targeted Microglia Polarizing Mediated Ischemic Stroke Treatment.

Precise and efficient regulation of microglia is vital for ischemic stroke therapy and prognosis. The infiltration of neutrophils into the brain provides opportunities for regulatory drugs across the blood-brain barrier, while hindered by neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and targeted delivery of intracerebral drugs to microglia. This study reports an efficient neutrophil hijacking nanoplatform (referred to as APTS) for targeted A151 (a telomerase repeat sequence) delivery to microglia without the generation of NETs.