Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Statin Adherence: Insights from the All of Us Research Program.

Background: Statin adherence impacts cardiovascular outcomes, yet disparities persist. Understanding sociodemographic factors and barriers is crucial for targeted interventions.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between sociodemographic factors and statin adherence across racial and ethnic groups.

Simple and rapid microfluidic device for processing raw human semen and separation of motile sperm based on their intrinsic behavior and morphology.

Sperm separation is pivotal in Assisted Reproductive Technology to address male infertility issues such as low sperm concentration or impaired motility. Traditional microfluidic devices, despite their fair success, often fall short due to complex fabrication and use, or lack of direct sample extraction methods. Our research introduces a microfluidic device designed to enhance sperm quality, focusing on improved motility and morphology, while remaining simple to fabricate and use in infertility clinics.

Assessment of carcinogenic risk from indoor radon exposure influenced by geological structures in the mountains of southern Caspian Sea.

Indoor radon exposure is the main form of radon exposure that causes health consequences including lung cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate indoor radon concentration affected by different geological characteristics in a mountainous area. For this purpose, three areas close to each other in the mountains of northern Iran, which were different in terms of the presence of hot springs, were studied.

Plasma proteomic signatures for type 2 diabetes and related traits in the UK Biobank cohort.

Objective: The plasma proteome holds promise as a diagnostic and prognostic tool that can accurately reflect complex human traits and disease processes. We assessed the ability of proteins to predict type 2 diabetes and related traits.

Study Design: We analyzed clinical, genetic, and proteomic data from three UK Biobank subcohorts for associations with truncal fat, estimated maximum oxygen consumption (VOmax), and type 2 diabetes.

Digital health intervention to imise eart ailure management after hospital discharge in Brazil (OPT-HF): a randomised clinical trial protocol.

Introduction: Guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) for heart failure (HF) reduces adverse events, but is underused. Global barriers to GDMT optimisation include low frequency of visits, clinician inertia and poor patient knowledge, which may be mitigated by digital health interventions (DHI). In Brazil, low digital literacy and reduced access to technology may compromise these potential DHI's beneficial effects.

Bias recognition and mitigation strategies in artificial intelligence healthcare applications.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is delivering value across all aspects of clinical practice. However, bias may exacerbate healthcare disparities. This review examines the origins of bias in healthcare AI, strategies for mitigation, and responsibilities of relevant stakeholders towards achieving fair and equitable use.

The role of the NEAT1/miR410-3p axis in the invasion of breast cancer cells.

Breast cancer, which is the most common cancer among women in Türkiye and throughout the world, is also one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. A significant factor in these deaths is metastatic breast cancer, which spreads to distant organs. The metastasis of the breast tumor follows a series of steps.

Plasma treatment can efficiently increase the attachment of pancreatic circulatory tumor cells to the surface.

Pancreatic cancer ranks as the fourth most common cause of cancer-related fatalities globally, with a notably low 5-year relative survival rate. We need to immediately develop fast, dependable, and noninvasive diagnostic techniques that can accurately identify pancreatic cancer at an early stage. The research project created a straightforward but effective method for detecting and increasing the amount of tumor cells that could bind to polystyrene (PS) well plates.

Enhanced Particle Trap: Design and Simulation of Pillar-Based Contactless Dielectrophoresis Microfluidic Devices.

Contactless and conventional dielectrophoresis (DEP) microfluidic devices are extensively utilized in lab-on-a-chip applications, particularly for cell isolation and analysis. Nonetheless, these devices typically operate at low throughput and require high applied voltages, posing limitations for microfluidic cell isolation and separation. Addressing these challenges, this study explores the utilization of diverse micro-pillar geometries within the microfluidic device to augment THP-1 cell trapping efficiency numerically using FEM modeling.

Ameliorating Paraquat-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats: Protective Effects of Nanocurcumin on Renal Histology and Molecular Pathways.

Background: Paraquat (PQ) is a common herbicide, and its mortality results from injury to several organs, including the kidneys. Nanocurcumin and curcumin have anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities, but their involvement in PQ-induced kidney damage is unclear. Therefore, the goal of our study was to compare nanocurcumin and curcumin in male rats whose kidneys were damaged by PQ.

Leveraging Mobile Health and Wearable Technologies for the Prevention and Management of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease.

Purpose Of Review: This review aims to assess the role of mobile health (mHealth) interventions and wearable technologies in the prevention and management of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). We sought to explore the benefits, challenges, and equity implications of these digital health modalities, with a focus on improving patient outcomes and reducing ASCVD risk.

Recent Findings: Recent studies have shown that mHealth interventions and wearable devices effectively promote healthy behaviors, offer real-time physiological monitoring, and aid in the early prevention of ASCVD by targeting key risk factors such as metabolic syndrome and sedentary lifestyles.

Experimental implementation of the peripheral nerve block clinical registry: an observational study.

Background And Aims: Peripheral nerve block (PNB) is commonly used, but there is a lack of data on its effectiveness and safety in the clinic. Therefore, anesthesiologists have limited insight into how they are faring in terms of both safety and efficacy. Additionally, No PNB registry is recorded in IRAN.

Assessing the relationship between sex, gender, and hypertension: A federated analysis of European and Canadian Public Health Surveys.

While gendered psycho-socio-cultural factors are recognized as major determinants of cardiovascular health, their contribution to our understanding of their effect on hypertension (HTN) in each country is poorly understood. Therefore, we investigated the role of these factors in HTN prevalence, focusing on sex- and gender-specific differences across countries. Data from the Canadian Community Health Survey (2015-2016, N = 109,659, women: 56.

Enhancing land feature classification with the BTR Extractor: A novel software package for high-accuracy analysis of aerial laser scan data.

The semi-automatic and automatic extraction of land features such as buildings, trees, and roads using aerial laser scan data is crucial in land use change studies and urban management. This research introduces the "BTR" extractor, a novel software package designed to enhance classification accuracy of phenomena identified in the super points obtained from aerial laser scanners. Our method focuses on:-Comparing classification methods using airborne laser scanning data.

Leveraging Social Determinants of Health to Enhance Recruitment of Underrepresented Populations in Clinical Trials.

Historically marginalized communities are disproportionately affected by cardiometabolic diseases yet are underrepresented in clinical trials that investigate needed interventions. This review investigates the barriers to equitable inclusion in clinical trials, identifying opportunities for improvement at the institutional, trial, community, and individual level. It proposes a social determinants-based approach that serves as a toolkit to target these barriers using structural, economic, community, healthcare access, and technology solutions, supporting constructive improvement in the clinical trial recruitment process.

-Sulfonatocalix[4]arene turns peptide aggregates into an efficient cell-penetrating peptide.

A novel cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) called -YR, with as a fluorescent probe, was developed. Initially, we aimed to use Y as a supramolecular host for water-insoluble drugs, with R driving the complex into cells. However, an unexpected hurdle was discovered; the peptide self-assembled into amorphous aggregates, rendering it ineffective for our intended purpose.

Identification of key lncRNAs associated with oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer cells and isolated exosomes: From In-Silico prediction to In-Vitro validation.

One of the critical challenges in managing colorectal cancer (CRC) is the development of oxaliplatin (OXP) resistance. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have a crucial role in CRC progression and chemotherapy resistance, with exosomal lncRNAs emerging as potential biomarkers. This study aimed to predict key lncRNAs involved in OXP-resistance using in-silico methods and validate them using RT-qPCR methods in CRC cells and their isolated exosomes.

The Effect of Vitamin D Deficiency on Immune-Related Hub Genes: A Network Analysis Associated With Type 1 Diabetes.

Background Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disorder that results in the destruction of pancreatic beta cells, causing a shortage of insulin secretion. The development of T1D is influenced by both genetic predisposition and environmental factors, such as vitamin D. This vitamin is known for its ability to regulate the immune system and has been associated with a decreased risk of T1D.

A plasma proteomic signature for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk prediction in the UK Biobank cohort.

Background: While risk stratification for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is essential for primary prevention, current clinical risk algorithms demonstrate variability and leave room for further improvement. The plasma proteome holds promise as a future diagnostic and prognostic tool that can accurately reflect complex human traits and disease processes. We assessed the ability of plasma proteins to predict ASCVD.

Incremental Efficacy for Repeat Ablation Procedures for Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation: 5-Year Follow-Up.

Background: Catheter ablation atrial fibrillation (AF) is effective, but 20% to 40% of patients will require a repeat ablation. The role of more than 1 repeat ablation is not well known.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and incremental benefits of multiple repeat catheter ablations to treat AF in patients.

In-Silico and In-Vitro Investigation of Key Long Non-coding RNAs Involved in 5-Fluorouracil Resistance in Colorectal Cancer Cells: Analyses Highlighting NEAT1 and MALAT1 as Contributors.

Background Acquired resistance to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) frequently results in chemotherapy failure and disease recurrence in advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Research has demonstrated that dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) mediates the development of chemotherapy resistance in cancerous cells. The present study aims to identify key lncRNAs associated with 5-FU resistance in CRC using bioinformatic and experimental validation approaches.