Association of social network with the incidence of frailty and depressive symptoms among older adults: a two-year longitudinal study.

Background: Social isolation, which includes a limited social networks (SN) as one of its components, is a well-known risk factor for chronic conditions, including frailty and depression. However, associations between diverse SN and these conditions are not well understood. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between SN and frailty and depressive symptoms by gender, age, and economic status.

Physical activity trajectories and accumulation over adulthood and their associations with all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To understand the associations of trajectories and accumulation of physical activity (PA) over adulthood with all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer mortality.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analyses.

Data Sources: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CINAHL, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, and reference lists of included studies.

Reciprocal Associations Between Trajectories of Physical Activity and Physical Function Among Older Women: Findings From the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health.

Background: Although physical activity (PA) is known to improve physical function (PF), and functional decline impacts the capacity to engage in PA, the reciprocal relationship between PA and PF remains unclear.

Methods: Data were from participants in the 1921-1926 cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health (N = 8 238). PA and PF were assessed at 3-year intervals from 1999 (73-78 y) to 2011 (85-90 y).

Trajectories of Physical Activity and Chronic Conditions Among Mid-Aged Women.

Introduction: Women's physical activity levels vary throughout adulthood. However, the associations between trajectories of physical activity and health outcomes have been little studied. The aim of this study was to examine the associations of physical activity trajectories with incident diabetes, hypertension, obesity, depression, and physical disability in mid-aged women.

Impact of In Ovo Leptin Injection and Dietary Protein Levels on Ovarian Growth Markers and Early Folliculogenesis in Post-Hatch Chicks ().

Genetically bred for rapid growth, broiler breeder hens develop obesity and ovarian dysfunction when fed ad libitum, resembling a condition that resembles human polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Nutritional control applies to post-hatched chicks from one week onward to prevent the development of a PCOS-like phenotype in adult broilers. This study investigated the impact of a growth marker, leptin, and post-hatch nutritional intake on early-life ovarian function.

Trajectories of physical activity from mid to older age in women: 21 years of data from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health.

Background: Women's physical activity varies across the adult lifespan. However, changes in physical activity among mid-aged women are not well understood. We analysed 21 years of data from women born in 1946-51 to identify: (1) trajectories of physical activity in the transition from mid- to old-age and (2) determinants of different physical activity trajectories.

The Impact of Generativity on Maintaining Higher-Level Functional Capacity of Older Adults: A Longitudinal Study in Japan.

Generativity is defined as an individual's concern for and actions dedicated toward the well-being of others, especially youth and subsequent generations. It is a key stage of psychological development from midlife to older age and can be a guiding concept for promoting engagement of older adults in productive and contributive activities, which benefit their well-being. This study examined the longitudinal association between generativity and higher-level functional capacity (HLFC) decline in older Japanese adults.

Association of social participation (including inconsistent participation) with the progression of frailty among older adults: Community-based cohort study in Japan.

Aim: This study examined the relationship between continuity of social participation and progression of frailty among community-dwelling older adults, by baseline frailty level.

Methods: This study was part of a 3-year community-based cohort study among adults aged ≥65 years, living independently in a rural municipality in Japan. Mail surveys were carried out in 2016, 2018 and 2019.

Examining health risk behaviors of self-employed and employed workers in Japan: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Self-employed workers have a higher risk for adverse health outcomes than employed workers. However, the differences in health risk behaviors by employment status are largely unknown. This study examined differences in health risk behaviors between self-employed and employed (permanent/non-permanent) workers by sex and age (20-59 years, 60-79 years).

Influence of "Face-to-Face Contact" and "Non-Face-to-Face Contact" on the Subsequent Decline in Self-Rated Health and Mental Health Status of Young, Middle-Aged, and Older Japanese Adults: A Two-Year Prospective Study.

This study aims to identify the independent influence of face-to-face contact (FFC) and non-face-to-face contact (NFFC) on the subsequent decline in self-rated health and mental health status by age. A total of 12,000 participants were randomly selected among residents in the study area, and 1751 of them responded to both the 2016 and 2018 mail surveys. The participants were subsequently classified into three age groups (25-49: Young adults; 50-64: Mid-aged adults; and 65-84: Older adults).

The effects of reciprocal support on mental health among intergenerational non-relatives-A comparison by age group.

Purpose: This study aimed to verify the direction of providing and receiving intergenerational support and examine its effects on mental health among intergenerational non-relatives.

Materials And Methods: In the initial survey (Time1), approximately 65,000 residents of Wako City in Saitama Prefecture, Japan, were considered, from which, a sample of 7,000 people was obtained. A total of 2,982 valid responses was received, and a follow-up survey was conducted two years later (Time2).

Bidirectional relationship between insomnia and frailty in older adults: A 2-year longitudinal study.

Background: Most previous studies that examined the association of insomnia with frailty used cross-sectional designs. The temporal relationship between these factors is therefore largely unknown. This study aimed to examine the bidirectional relationship between insomnia and frailty by sex.

[Effect of an exercise program targeting knee pain on medical costs of elderly community-dwelling adults].

Objectives　The aim of this study was to examine the effect of an exercise program targeting knee pain on longitudinal medical costs (MC) of elderly community-dwelling adults.Methods　A community-based health program using specific exercises for improving knee pain was held from January to February, 2015. Twenty-eight individuals participated in the program (intervention group) and seventy individuals were selected from the respondents of a health and lifestyle survey by matching age, sex, and baseline value of severity of knee pain as a control group.

Longitudinal associations of social group engagement with physical activity among Japanese older adults.

Background: Although social group engagement (SGE) has been suggested to affect physical activity (PA) in older age, the longitudinal relationship between these variables is unclear. This study used 2-year panel data to investigate the link between changes in SGE and changes in PA among community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: This study was a 2-year community-based longitudinal study enrolling older adults living in a rural municipality in Japan.