UPLC-ESI-QTRAP-MS/MS identification and antioxidant activity of hawthorn with different infestation levels.

This study employed UPLC-ESI-QTRAP-MS/MS metabolomics technology (MRM mode) to analyze two hawthorn varieties infested by Plodia interpunctella (Hüb.) and Tribolium castaneum (Hbst.) at different infestation levels (3 biological replicates per treatment), aiming to investigate the alterations in flavonoid metabolites and their effects on antioxidant activity under different infestation levels.

Short photoperiod facilitates seasonal migration in Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is an important invasive migratory pest that poses a serious threat to global food security. However, behavioral and physiological responses to seasonal changes in photoperiod have received little attention in FAW. Here, we present behavioral evidence that FAW under shorter photoperiods (12L:12D and 10L:14D) exhibited stronger flight capacity and pathogen resistance to Beauveria bassiana compared to those under longer photoperiods (16L:8D and 14L:10D), but weaker reproductive performance.

Insights into the quality profile and potential quality markers of (goji) berries after infestation.

This study innovatively integrated multidimensional quality evaluation with UPLC-MS metabolomics to comprehensively elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying insect-induced quality deterioration and to identify diagnostic markers. The results demonstrated that insect infestation altered color, reduced the content of total flavonoids, total phenolics, six active compounds, and markedly decreased antioxidant capacity ( < 0.05), leading to the quality deterioration.

Larval diapause enhances the flight capacity in postdiapause adults of beet webworm, Loxostege sticticalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae).

The beet webworm, Loxostege sticticalis (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), a globally distributed agricultural pest, poses a significant threat to food, oil, and cash crops. This species' outbreak dynamics primarily depend on 2 biological characteristics: larval overwintering through diapause and adult long-distance migration. However, the regulatory effects of diapause on migratory capacity and their underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood.

Optimizing Water-Fertilizer Coupling Across Different Growth Stages of Tomato in Yellow Sand Substrate: Toward Enhanced Yield, Quality, and Resource Use Efficiency.

The tomato ( L.) is widely cultivated in yellow sand substrate-based systems in Northwest China, contributing significantly to regional agriculture. However, suboptimal water and fertilizer management hinders the balanced optimization of yield, fruit quality, and resource efficiency.

Comprehensive Analysis on Physicochemical Properties and Characteristic Compounds of Insect-Infested Ziziphi Spinosae Semen.

Ziziphi spinosae semen (ZSS), an edible and medicinal substance, was easily infested by () during storage. However, there was no identification method for insect-infested ZSS based on its chemical composition. Therefore, the characteristic compounds in ZSS before and after being infested by were discovered based on the comparison of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), untargeted metabolomics, and other quality characters.

Genetic Diversity Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluation of "M82" in EMS-Mutagenized Tomato.

Unlabelled: Ethyl methyl sulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis is widely used because of its advantages of inducing point mutations and no need for genetic transformation. To identify germplasm resources of processed tomatoes with superior comprehensive traits suitable for cultivation in Xinjiang.

Methods: In this study, tomato seeds were treated with 2% EMS reagent for 12 h, 21 quality traits and 20 quantitative traits of 33 processed tomatoes derived from EMS-mutagenized"M82"were evaluated.

Trehalose metabolism mediates trade-offs between reproduction and survival in beet webworm, Loxostege sticticalis, under heat stress.

Background: Temperature is an important determinant of developmental and reproductive rates in insects. Here, we investigated the physiological responses of adult beet webworm, Loxostege sticticalis L. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), to three temperatures (16, 23 and 30 °C) focusing on trehalose metabolism.

Unveiling the potential applications of buds of Thunb. var. (Wats.) Bak based on biological activities, bio-active components, and potential applications coupled to targeted metabolomics.

Introduction: The buds of Thunb. var. (Wats.

Green manure application improves insect resistance of subsequent crops through the optimization of soil nutrients and rhizosphere microbiota.

Green manure (GM) enhances organic agriculture by improving soil quality and microbiota, yet its effects on plant resistance are unclear. Investigating the GM crop hairy vetch-maize rotation system, a widely adopted GM practice in China, we aimed to determine maize resistance to fall armyworm (FAW), (Smith), a major pest. Greenhouse experiments with three fertilization treatments (chemical fertilizer, GM, and a combination) revealed that GM applications significantly improved maize resistance to FAW, evidenced by reduced larval feeding preference and pupal weight.

Metabolomics analysis of physicochemical properties associated with quality deterioration in insect-infested hawthorn berries.

The sliced and dried hawthorn berries are easily infested by insects during storage. This study aimed to determine the effect of insect infestation on the quality of hawthorn berries and assess the change at metabolite level by analyzing physicochemical property and metabolomics profiling. A total of 184 shared differential metabolites were obtained, mainly including flavonoids, fatty acids, carboxylic acids and derivatives, and nitrogenous compounds.

Gut Microbiota Affects Host Fitness of Fall Armyworm Feeding on Different Food Types.

The fall armyworm (FAW), , seriously threatens food and cash crops. Maize, wheat, and even rice damage by FAWs have been reported in many areas of China. It is urgent to clarify the mechanism which FAWs adapt to different feeding hosts and develop effective control technologies.

Immunological regulation by Toll-1 and Spätzle-4 in larval density-dependent prophylaxis of the oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata.

High population density has been shown to alter insect prophylactic immunity. Toll-Spätzle pathway performs a key function in insect innate immune response. To determine the role of Toll and Spätzle, two main components of Toll-Spätzle pathway, in the density-dependent prophylaxis of Mythimna separata.

[Research status of insect infestation of Chinese medicinal materials during storage].

During the storage process, Chinese medicinal materials are susceptible to insect infestation due to their own nature and external storage factors. Infestation by insects can have varying impacts on the materials. In mild cases, it affects the appearance and reduces consumer purchasing power, while in severe cases, it affects the quality, reduces medicinal value, and introduces impurities such as insect bodies, excrement, and secretions, resulting in significant contamination of the medicinal materials.

The Sex Ratio Indicates the Conclusion and Onset of Population Cycles in the Beet Webworm L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae).

Beet webworms, L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), are one of the most destructive pest insects in northern China, and their populations outbreak periodically. Developing an indicator that defines the ending and beginning of the occurrence period cycle is urgent for the population forecast and theoretical study.

Comprehensive metabolomic variations of hawthorn before and after insect infestation based on the combination analysis of H NMR and UPLC-MS.

Hawthorn, the sliced and dried ripe fruits of Bge. Var. N.

A Comprehensive Quality Analysis of Different Colors of Medicinal and Edible Honeysuckle.

Honeysuckle (the dried flower bud or opening flower of Thunb.), a medicinal and edible substance, has is greatly popular among consumers for its remarkable health effects, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory effects. However, due to the influences of processing methods, storage conditions, and other factors, honeysuckles show different colors which can directly reflect the quality and the price on the market.

StHAB1, a negative regulatory factor in abscisic acid signaling, plays crucial roles in potato drought tolerance and shoot branching.

Abscisic acid (ABA) is critical in drought tolerance and plant growth. Group A protein type 2C phosphatases (PP2Cs) are negative regulators of ABA signaling and plant adaptation to stress. Knowledge about the functions of potato group A PP2Cs is limited.

Genome-scale analysis of ABC transporter genes and characterization of the ABCC type transporter genes in the oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata (Walker).

The oriental armyworm Mythimna separata is a polyphagous, migratory corn pest in China and other Asian countries. Transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) corn may effectively control this insect pest. Several reports have suggested that ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter proteins may act as receptors that bind Bt toxins.

Evaluation and Optimization of Quality Based on the Physicochemical Characteristics and Metabolites Changes of Qingpi during Storage.

Qingpi, the dried immature pericarp of Blanco, is a commonly used medicinal food with some health-promoting benefits. In general, it is essential that Qingpi be stored for a period of time, but there are no reports about the number of storage years needed to obtain the best quality of Qingpi. Our aim was to determine the best storage time of Qingpi by studying the physicochemical properties and metabolite changes in product stored from 1 to 5 years.

The oriental armyworm genome yields insights into the long-distance migration of noctuid moths.

The oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata, is known for its long-distance seasonal migration and environment-dependent phase polymorphisms. Here, we present a chromosome-level genome reference and integrate multi-omics, functional genetics, and behavioral assays to explore the genetic bases of the hallmark traits of M. separata migration.

Suppression of the tonoplast sugar transporter, StTST3.1, affects transitory starch turnover and plant growth in potato.

Transitory starch and vacuolar sugars function as highly dynamic pools of instantly accessible metabolites in plant leaf cells. Their metabolic regulation is critical for plant survival. The tonoplast sugar transporters (TSTs), responsible for sugar uptake into vacuoles, regulate cellular sugar partitioning and vacuolar sugar accumulation.

The clock gene, period, influences migratory flight and reproduction of the oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata (Walker).

The oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata, is a major long-distance migratory insect pest of grain crops in China and other Asian countries. Migratory flights and reproductive behavior usually occur at night, regulated by a circadian rhythm. However, knowledge about the linkages between adult flight, reproduction, and clock genes is still incomplete.

The Difference of Volatile Compounds in Female and Male Buds of L. Based on HS-SPME-GC-MS and Multivariate Statistical Analysis.

L. (family Cucurbitaceae) is a monoecious and diclinous plant that can be consumed as a vegetable and has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. The chemical composition and content of volatile compounds in female and male buds of .

Lead exposure dose-dependently affects oxidative stress, AsA-GSH, photosynthesis, and mineral content in pakchoi ( L.).

Lead (Pb) is a heavy metal pollutant and negatively affects agriculture and ecosystems. Pb can cause oxidative stress and abnormal plant growth. The ascorbic acid-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle mainly exists in chloroplasts and resists oxidative stress, scavenges reactive oxygen radicals, and maintains normal photosynthesis.