Developmental wave of programmed ganglion cell death in human retinal organoids.

The delicate and complex structure of the neural retina that enables proper visual function is achieved during embryonic development through a precise balance of proliferation, differentiation, and cell death. Retinal ganglion cells (RGC), the only output neurons of the retina, show a steady increase in numbers during development except for two waves of cell death that are highly conserved in vertebrates. However, the mechanisms responsible for these phenomena and their conservation in the human retina are incompletely understood.

Retained introns in phototransduction genes of 5xFAD mouse retina suggest vision impairment as an early diagnostic marker for Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder characterized by neuronal and synaptic loss in the brain, which leads to cognitive impairment and dementia. Therefore, early diagnosis by employing various biomarkers is crucial for preventing and treating AD. Although retinal pathology is an emerging biomarker associated with AD, detailed molecular mechanisms of retinal impairments remain unclear.

Clutter Mitigation in Indoor Radar Sensors Using Sensor Fusion Technology.

A methodology utilizing low-resolution camera data is proposed to mitigate clutter effects on radar sensors in smart indoor environments. The proposed technique suppresses clutter in distance-velocity (range-Doppler) images obtained from millimeter-wave radar by estimating clutter locations using approximate spatial information derived from low-resolution camera images. Notably, the inherent blur present in low-resolution images closely corresponds to the distortion patterns induced by clutter in radar signals, making such data particularly suitable for effective sensor fusion.

Benzo(a)pyrene triggers cytotoxicity by disrupting cell cycle dynamics and activating Caspase-3-mediated apoptosis in multiple human cell lines.

Benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P), a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), is a known endocrine disruptor linked to various environmentally induced diseases. While recent studies have explored its role in short- and long-term disease development, there is limited research on B(a)P's cytotoxic effects across different cell types. This study aims to evaluate the cytotoxicity of B(a)P exposure in several human cell lines under controlled conditions.

Motion Cancellation Technique of Vital Signal Detectors Based on Continuous-Wave Radar Technology.

Continuous-wave (CW) radar sensors can remotely measure respiration and heartbeat by detecting the periodic movements of internal organs. However, external disturbances, such as random body motion (RBM) or environmental interference, significantly degrade the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and reduce the accuracy of vital sign detection. The various motion cancellation techniques that have been proposed to enhance robustness against RBMs include improvements in radar architecture, advanced signal processing algorithms, and studies on electromagnetic propagation characteristics.

Lamin B1 regulates RNA splicing factor expression by modulating the spatial positioning and chromatin interactions of the gene locus.

Lamin B1, a crucial component of the nuclear lamina, plays a pivotal role in chromatin organization and transcriptional regulation in eukaryotic cells. While recent studies have highlighted the connection between Lamin B1 and RNA splicing regulation, the precise molecular mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, we demonstrate that Lamin B1 depletion leads to a global reduction in splicing factor expression, as evidenced by analysis of multiple RNA-seq datasets.

Metabolomics and network pharmacology approach to identify potential bioactive compounds from Trichoderma sp. against oral squamous cell carcinoma.

This study aimed to profile metabolites from five Trichoderma strains and assess their cytotoxic and pharmacological activities, particularly targeting oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). UHPLC-TOF-MS analysis revealed the presence of 25 compounds, including heptelidic acid, viridiol isomers, and sorbicillinol from the different Trichoderma extracts. Pharmacokinetic analysis showed moderate permeability and low interaction with P-glycoprotein, suggesting good drug absorption with minimal interference in cellular uptake.

Propylparaben-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress triggers G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and initiates caspase-3-dependent apoptosis in human lung cells.

Background: Propylparaben (PrP) is commonly used as an antimicrobial agent in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. While recent studies have shown that PrP exposure can cause various disruptions in cellular physiology, the precise mechanisms behind these effects remain unclear.

Objective: In this study, we sought to examine the cytotoxic effects of PrP exposure on human lung cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner.

Comparative study of cytotoxic Signaling pathways in H1299 cells exposed to alternative Bisphenols: BPA, BPF, and BPS.

Background: Bisphenols are prevalent in food, plastics, consumer goods, and industrial products. Bisphenol A (BPA) and its substitutes, bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol S (BPS), are known to act as estrogen mimics, leading to reproductive disorders, disruptions in fat metabolism, and abnormalities in brain development.

Objectives: Despite numerous studies exploring the adverse effects of bisphenols both and , the molecular mechanisms by which these compounds affect lung cells remain poorly understood.

Reorganization of H3K9me heterochromatin leads to neuronal impairment via the cascading destruction of the KDM3B-centered epigenomic network.

Histone H3K9 methylated heterochromatin silences repetitive non-coding sequences and lineage-specific genes during development, but how tissue-specific genes escape from heterochromatin in differentiated cells is unclear. Here, we examine age-dependent transcriptomic profiling of terminally differentiated mouse retina to identify epigenetic regulators involved in heterochromatin reorganization. The single-cell RNA sequencing analysis reveals a gradual downregulation of in cone photoreceptors during aging.

sp. nov., isolated from ginseng soil.

A novel Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped, non-motile, cream-coloured strain (G124) was isolated from ginseng soil collected in Yeongju, Republic of Korea. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain G124 belongs to a distinct lineage within the genus (family , order and class ). Strain G124 was closely related to THG-T61 (98.

Description of sp. nov. and sp. nov., Two Novel Basidiomycetous Yeast Species Isolated from Soil in Korea.

Two strains, YP344 and YP579 were isolated from soil samples in Pocheon City, Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. The strains YP344 and YP579 belong to the genus and , respectively. The molecular phylogenetic analysis showed that the strain YP344 was closely related to Strain YP344 differed by four nucleotide substitutions with no gap (0.

Microvirga terrestris sp. nov., and Microvirga arvi sp. nov., isolated from soil in South Korea.

Two novel Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, rod shaped bacterial strains BT290 and BT689 were isolated from soil collected in South Korea. Colony morphologies of both strains were circular and convex while the colors of BT290 and BT689 were light-pink and white, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that BT290 and BT689 belong to a distinct lineage within the genus Microvirga (family Methylobacteriaceae, order Rhizobiales, class Alphaproteobacteria, phylum Proteobacteria, kingdom Bacteria).

sp. nov., isolated from soil of a ginseng field.

A bacterial strain designated as G188 was isolated from ginseng field soil in the Republic of Korea. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain G188 formed a distinct lineage within the genus family , order . Sequence similarity revealed that strain G188 was most closely related to IR27-S3 (97.

Microvirga splendida sp. nov., bacteria isolated from soil.

Two bacterial strains, BT325 and BT690, were isolated from soil samples collected in Korea. Both strains were Gram stain-negative, short rod-shaped, and formed light-pink colored colonies. The 16S rRNA sequence similarity of strains BT325 and BT690 shared a sequence similarity of 99.

Microvirga jeongseonensis sp. nov., isolated from soil in South Korea.

A novel Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped, convex, and light pink-colored strain BT688 was isolated from a soil sample collected in Jeongseon City, South Korea. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain BT688 belongs to a distinct lineage within the genus Microvirga (family Methylobacteriaceae, order Rhizobiales, class Alphaproteobacteria, phylum Proteobacteria). The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strain BT688 and Microvirga aerilata 5420S-16 was 98.

sp. nov. and sp. nov., two radiation-resistant bacteria from soil.

Two bacterial strains, designated BT189 and BT664, were isolated from soil sampled in the Republic of Korea. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strains BT189 and BT664 belonged to the genus , family (order ). The 16S rRNA genes of the two strains shared a sequence similarity of 93.

Degradation of DRAK1 by CUL3/SPOP E3 Ubiquitin ligase promotes tumor growth of paclitaxel-resistant cervical cancer cells.

Despite favorable responses to initial chemotherapy, drug resistance is a major cause limiting chemotherapeutic efficacy in many advanced cancers. However, mechanisms that drive drug-specific resistance in chemotherapy for patients with advanced cancers are still unclear. Here, we report a unique role of death-associated protein kinase-related apoptosis-inducing kinase 1 (DRAK1) associated with paclitaxel resistance in cervical cancer cells.

Larkinella humicola sp. nov., a gamma radiation-resistant bacterium isolated from soil.

A Gram-negative, short rod-shaped, and pink-pigmented bacterial strain, designated MA1, was isolated from a soil sample from Gijang-gun, Busan in Republic of Korea. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain MA1 belonged to the genus Larkinella and was closely related to "Larkinella punicea" (97.5% similarity), Larkinella rosea 15J16-1T3A (96.

Hymenobacter telluris sp. nov., isolated from soil in South Korea.

Two novel bacterial strains, designated as BT186 and BT505, were isolated from a soil sample collected in South Korea and characterized. Both strains were Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, aerobic, circular, convex, and had red-colored colonies. The level of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between the strains BT186 and BT505 was 100%, indicating that they represent an identical species.

sp. nov. and sp. nov., Two Novel Basidiomycetous Yeast Species Isolated from Soil in Korea.

Three strains, YP416, YP421 and Y422, were isolated from soil samples in Pocheon City, Gyeonggi province, South Korea. The strains belong to two novel yeast species in the genus . Molecular phylogenetic analysis showed that the strain YP416 was closely related to .

Hymenobacter puniceus sp. nov., radiation resistant bacteria isolated from soil in South Korea.

Two novel Gram-negative bacterial strains BT190 and BT191 were isolated from soil collected in Uijeongbu city (37°44'55″N, 127°02'20″E), Korea. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strains BT190 and BT191 belong to a distinct lineage within the genus Hymenobacter (family Hymenobacteraceae, order Cytophagales, class Cytophagia). The level of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between the strains BT190 and BT190 was 99.

Switchable liquid shutter operated by electrowetting for security of mobile electronics.

This paper presents a new type of switchable liquid shutter for the security and design of mobile electronic devices. The operation test of the liquid shutter is conducted using a prototype sample prepared by standard microfabrication processes. The liquid shutter consists of an opaque liquid for absorbing light and a transparent oil for transmitting light on two parallel plates with patterned indium titanium oxide electrodes.