Euphebranes A-G: higher diterpenoids from the radix of Euphorbia ebracteolata.

Phytochemical investigation of roots of Euphorbia ebracteolata Hayata led to ten higher diterpenoids including seven undescribed ones (1-7) and three analogues (8-10), accompanied by four derivatives (7a and 9a-9c) obtained via chemical correlation. Notably, compound 1 represents a rare dinor-ent-isopimarane diterpenoid. Their structures were fully characterized using a combination of spectroscopic, ECD, chemical, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction means.

Extraction of phase information for moiré fringes based on adaptive wavelet basis frequency.

As a critical step in moiré tomography, the extraction of phase information directly impacts the accuracy and resolution of the results. In this study, an adaptive wavelet basis frequency selection method is proposed for extracting the phase information of moiré fringes. The theories of wavelet basis frequency selection are derived based on the moiré fringe intensity distribution, followed by numerical simulations that demonstrate the feasibility and reliability of our method.

Education or sedation? A randomized clinical trial of impact on procedural pain and satisfaction during regional block placement, and the moderating effect of pain catastrophizing.

Background: Preoperative peripheral nerve block placement can involve both procedural pain and psychological distress, which practitioners treat using both sedation and education/reassurance. The experience of pain may be potently modulated by baseline pain catastrophizing (presence of rumination, magnification, and helplessness). This randomized clinical trial assessed whether the treatment effect of sedation vs education/reassurance on procedural nerve block pain and satisfaction varied for patients with different baseline pain catastrophizing scores.

Recognizing pain phenotypes: biopsychosocial sources of variability in the transition to chronic postsurgical pain.

Chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) is a cause of new chronic pain, with a wide range of reported incidence. Previous longitudinal studies suggest that development of CPSP may depend more on the constellation of risk factors around a patient (pre-existing pain phenotype) rather than on the extent of surgical injury itself. The biopsychosocial model of pain outlines a broad array of factors that modulate the severity, longevity, and impact of pain.

Analyzing the spectrum characteristics of a double-grating transmission scheme.

In this paper, the spectral characteristics formed by a double-grating transmission scheme are discussed based on the scalar diffraction theory. First, considering two different grating periods, the angular spectrum at the back of the second grating is obtained. Then, the spectral characteristics are discussed with three different periodic conditions, while it is proved that the spatial distribution and spacing of the spectrum are absolutely determined by the grating constants and angles.

Correction to: Empowerment-Led Guided Self-Help Intervention for Symptom Burden in Breast Cancer Women Treated With Ovarian Function Suppression: A Randomized Trial Protocol.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.14740/wjon1817.].

Impact of varying degrees of peripheral nerve blockade on experimental pressure and ischemic pain: adductor canal and sciatic nerve blocks in a human model of compartment syndrome pain.

Introduction: Early diagnosis of acute extremity compartment syndrome is crucial to timely surgical management. Pain is commonly used as an early diagnostic sign for acute extremity compartment syndrome, making regional anesthesia after lower extremity surgery controversial. This randomized study tested whether different concentrations of local anesthetics, or combinations of nerve blocks, would differentially impact the perception of acute extremity compartment syndrome-like pressure and ischemic pain.

Less stress, better success: a scoping review on the effects of anxiety on anesthetic and analgesic consumption.

Preoperative anxiety has an incidence of 11-80% in patients undergoing surgical or interventional procedures. Understanding the role of preoperative anxiety on intraoperative anesthetic requirements and postoperative analgesic consumption would allow personalized anesthesia care. Over- or under-anesthetizing patients can lead to complications such as postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients, or procedural discomfort, respectively.

Education based on publicly-available keyword data is associated with decreased stress and improved trajectory of in-training exam performance.

Study Objective: This study aimed to assess the impact of data-driven didactic sessions on metrics including fund of knowledge, resident confidence in clinical topics, and stress in addition to American Board of Anesthesiology In-Training Examination (ITE) percentiles.

Design: Observational mixed-methods study.

Setting: Classroom, video-recorded e-learning.

Critical event debriefing: a checklist for the aftermath.

Purpose Of Review: Millions of perioperative crises (e.g. anaphylaxis, cardiac arrest) may occur annually.

Literature and new innovations leading to the rise and fall of the Swan-Ganz catheter.

Background: In 1970, Harold James Charles Swan and William Ganz published their work on the pulmonary artery catheter (PAC or Swan-Ganz catheter). They described the successful bedside use of a flow-directed catheter to continuously evaluate the heart, and it was used extensively in the years following to care for critically ill patients. In recent decades, clinicians have reevaluated the risks and benefits of the PAC.

Persistent Post-Mastectomy Pain: The Impact of Regional Anesthesia Among Patients with High vs Low Baseline Catastrophizing.

Background: Persistent post-mastectomy pain (PPMP) varies both in its severity and impact, with psychosocial factors such as catastrophizing conferring greater risk. Preoperative regional anesthesia (RA) is an important nonopioid therapy, but with variable success at preventing PPMP in previous reports. We previously reported that RA was associated with lower acute post-mastectomy pain and opioid use, but more prominently among patients with higher baseline catastrophizing.

Advances in anesthesia education: increasing access and collaboration in medical education, from E-learning to telesimulation.

Purpose Of Review: The landscape of medical education continues to evolve. Educators and learners must stay informed on current medical literature, in addition to focusing efforts on current educational trends and evidence-based methods. The present review summarizes recent advancements in anesthesiology education, specifically highlighting trends in e-learning and telesimulation, and identifies possible future directions for the field.

Phase information extraction for moiré fringes based on multiresolution analysis.

In this paper, the multiresolution analysis (MRA) method is used to preprocess moiré fringes, which can reduce the number of data points and increase computation speeds. To discuss the applicability of the method, a candle combustion flow field is chosen as an example for experiment by moiré deflectometry. First, moiré fringes are preprocessed by the MRA method.

Chloraserrtone A, a Sesquiterpenoid Dimer from Chloranthus serratus.

Chloraserrtone A (1), a new sesquiterpenoid dimer with two lindenane-type sesquiterpenoid monomers bridged by two six-membered rings, was obtained from Chloranthus serratus. A combination of UV, IR, NMR, HRESIMS, and X-ray diffraction data were used to elucidate the structure of 1. Compound 1 represents the first lindenane-type sesquiterpenoid dimer with extremely unique C-15-C-15', C-4-C-6', and C-6-C-11' linkages to form two six-membered rings between the monomeric units.