Orthogonal signal-transducing electrochemical dual-aptasensor for ultrasensitive parallel detection of GP73 and AFP in serum.

Background: Golgi protein 73 (GP73) has emerged as a promising serological biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with its combination with alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) substantially improving diagnostic precision in early-stage HCC detection. To address this clinical need, we constructed an electrochemical dual-aptasensor for parallel quantification of GP73&AFP.

Results: GP73 aptamer (GP73) functionalized with reduced graphene oxide-ferrocene-polyaniline (rGO-Fc-PANi) nanocomposites and AFP aptamer (AFP) conjugated with nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide-cuprous oxide (NrGO-CuO) nanostructures were employed as the dual-signal probes.

Effect of Esketamine for Patient-Controlled Intravenous Analgesia on Postoperative Sleep Disturbance in the Elderly After Total Hip or Knee Arthroplasty: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind, and Controlled Trial.

Background: Postoperative sleep disturbance (PSD) commonly affects elderly patients, impairing recovery. This study investigated the effect of esketamine for patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) on PSD in elderly patients who had total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Methods: In this trial, 120 elderly patients who underwent THA or TKA were randomized to patient-controlled sufentanil analgesia (2 μg kg in normal saline to 100 mL) or a supplement (esketamine 0.

Blood detection of autoimmune encephalitis based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy.

Background: Recently, the incidence range of autoimmune encephalitis (AE) in people has rapidly expanded, and the diagnosis procedure of clinical criteria for AE remains complicated. Herein, with advantages of rapid speed, simple pre-treatment, and slightly destructive or non-destructive analysis, the feasibility of integrating laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and Raman techniques to identify blood of AE patients was explored, and the mechanisms of medical diagnosis from atomic and molecular perspectives were further analyzed.

Results: In the experiment, etched mesh silicon wafers were used as serum substrates to reduce the spectral variability during measurements.

Copper Depletion in Tumors Boosts Immunotherapy.

Copper depletion is being billed as a viable approach for cancer treatment. Vittorio and co-workers successfully demonstrated that Cuprior, an FDA-approved drug that binds with copper, effectively enhances anti-GD2 immunotherapy and improves the responses for neuroblastoma patients. These findings highlight the important role of copper chelation in modulating the tumor microenvironment.

Balancing Activity and Selectivity in Two-Electron Oxygen Reduction through First Coordination Shell Engineering in Cobalt Single Atom Catalysts.

The electrochemical two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e ORR) offers a potentially cost-effective and eco-friendly route for the production of hydrogen peroxide (HO). However, the competing 4e ORR that converts oxygen to water limits the selectivity towards hydrogen peroxide. Accordingly, achieving highly selective HO production under low voltage conditions remains challenging.

Ozone promotes macrophage efferocytosis and alleviates neuropathic pain by activating the AMPK/Gas6-MerTK/SOCS3 signaling pathway.

Background: Neuropathic pain (NPP) is a multifaceted pain syndrome that occurs as a consequence of physical injury or underlying diseases, with an incidence rate of 7%-10%, NPP poses a significant clinical challenge as current treatment options are ineffective. The accumulation of apoptotic cells and neuroinflammation play crucial roles in the pathological mechanisms of NPP. Here, we aim to investigate strategies for effectively clearing apoptotic cells and provide therapeutic interventions for NPP.

Reversible information hiding scheme based on interpolation and histogram shift for medical images.

Medical imaging and information management systems require transmission and storage of medical images over the Internet. Many reversible information hiding schemes for image have been proposed to ensure security and availability. In order to avoid the risk of medical information leakage and the medical image distortion, a reversible information hiding scheme based on interpolation and histogram shift for medical images has been proposed in this paper.

Signal "on-off-off" strategy for improving the sensitivity of BRCA1 electrochemical detection by combining gold substrate amplification, DNA conformational transformation and DSN enzymatic hydrolysis dual reduction.

In this article we proposed a new signal amplification strategy based on signal "on-off-off" for improving the detection sensitivity of breast cancer 1 (BRCA1) electrochemical sensor. First, the stem-loop structured captured DNA (C-DNA) modified by 5' sulfhydryl group and 3' methylene blue (MB), was self-assembled on electrodeposited nanoAu surface through Au-S reaction. Electrodeposition of nanoAu increased electrode area and strengthened MB electrochemical signal, which indicated "signal on".

Online extraction-HPLC-FRAP system for direct identification of antioxidants from solid Du-zhong brick tea.

Du-zhong brick tea (DBT), a new post-fermented functional tea, is marketed in China for its prevention of diseases from oxidative stress. However, antioxidant compounds in DBT are not clear. Here, a novel online extraction-HPLC-ferric reducing antioxidant power (OLE-HPLC-FRAP) has been developed to screen antioxidants in DBT.

Shell thickness controlled hydrophilic magnetic molecularly imprinted resins for high-efficient extraction of benzoic acids in aqueous samples.

Hydrophilic magnetic molecular imprinted resins (MMIRs) were firstly fabricated by one-pot copolycondensation of resorcinol, melamine, and formaldehyde in the pores of FeO @mSiO. The porous structure of mSiO limited copolycondensation. After the removal of mSiO, controllable imprinting shell thickness (about 5 nm) was formed, reducing the probability of embedded sites, favoring the efficient adsorption.

Direct from solid natural products to pure compounds in a single step: Coupling online extraction with high-speed counter-current chromatography.

Extraction is the most important step in the purification of bioactive compounds from natural products. This study introduces a simple online extraction strategy coupled with high-speed counter-current chromatography for efficient extraction and purification of bioactive components from solid natural products. For online extraction strategy, 1.

The Analysis of Physiological Variations in M Generation of L. Mutagenized by Ethyl Methane Sulfonate.

The eggplant was mutagenized with ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) to enhance its genetic variability in our previous paper. In this article, we further analyzed the phenotype of M generation of mutant eggplants. A total of 325 independent M families were investigated for phenotypic variation.

Comparisons and correlations of phenolic profiles and anti-oxidant activities of seventeen varieties of pineapple.

Major phenolic, β-carotene, and ascorbic acid (AA) contents in 17 pineapple varieties were quantified and compared. Anti-oxidant activities were evaluated using 2,2-Diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), ferric reducing anti-oxidant power (FRAP), and metal chelating capacity (MCC) assays. MD-2 exhibited the highest AA and total phenolic (TP) contents and DPPH and ABTS assay results, but was lower in β-carotene contents.

Recent Progress on Graphene-based Electrochemical Biosensors.

The detailed records and conclusions on the important advancements in graphene-based electrochemical biosensors have been reviewed. Due to their outstanding properties, graphene-based materials have been widely studied for the accurate electrochemical detection of many biomolecules, which is extremely vital to the development of biomedical instruments, clinical diagnosis, and disease treatment. This review discusses the graphene research for the effective immobilization of enzymes, including glucose oxidase, horseradish peroxidase, and hemoglobin, etc.

Aroma volatile compounds from two fresh pineapple varieties in China.

Volatile compounds from two pineapples varieties (Tainong No.4 and No.6) were isolated by headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and identified and quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS).

Cloning and expression analysis of a PISTILLATA homologous gene from pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merr).

PISTILLATA (PI)-like genes are crucial regulators of flowering in angiosperms. A homologue of PI, designated as AcPI (Genbank accession number HQ717796), was isolated from pineapple cultivar Comte de Paris by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The cDNA sequence of AcPI is 907 bp in length and contains an open reading frame of 594 bp, which encodes a protein of 197 amino acids.

Characteristic aroma compounds from different pineapple parts.

Characteristic aroma volatile compounds from different parts of cayenne pineapple were analyzed by headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The main volatile compounds were esters, terpenes, ketones and aldehydes. The number and content of aroma compounds detected in pulp were higher than those found in core.

pH-induced fabrication of DNA/chitosan/alpha-ZrP nanocomposite and DNA release.

With positively charged chitosan as an intermediary, herring sperm DNA was intercalated into the interlayer galleries of negatively charged alpha-ZrP to form DNA/chitosan/alpha-ZrP ternary hybrids at pH 5.5. Fourier-transform IR, x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy confirmed not only the coexistence of DNA, chitosan and alpha-ZrP in the composite but also the layered composite structure with an interlayer distance of 4.

Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of a statin/caffeine combination against H5N1, H3N2 and H1N1 virus infection in BALB/c mice.

The development of novel antiviral drugs is necessary for the prevention and treatment of a potential avian influenza pandemic. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a novel statin/caffeine combination against H5N1, H3N2 and H1N1 virus infection in a murine model. In H5N1-, H3N2- and H1N1-infected BALB/c mice, 50mug statin/200mug caffeine effectively ameliorated lung damage and inhibited viral replication and was at least as effective as oseltamivir and ribavirin.

Rabies trend in China (1990-2007) and post-exposure prophylaxis in the Guangdong province.

Background: Rabies is a major public-health problem in developing countries such as China. Although the recent re-emergence of human rabies in China was noted in several epidemiological studies, little attention was paid to the reasons behind this phenomenon paralleling the findings of the previous reports. The purpose of this study is thus first to characterize the current trends of human rabies in China from 1990 to 2007, and then to define better recommendations for improving the post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) schedules delivered to rabies patients.

Fabrication of a novel glucose biosensor based on a highly electroactive polystyrene/polyaniline/Au nanocomposite.

A novel nanocomposite with a core-shell structure containing polystyrene (PS), polyaniline (PANI), and Au nanoparticles (NPs) was synthesized. The nanocomposite was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Cyclic voltammetric experiments indicated that the nanocomposite had excellent redox ability in a wide range of pH values.

A Pd/SBA-15 composite: synthesis, characterization and protein biosensing.

In this paper, palladium (Pd) nanoparticles have been successfully encapsulated into the channels of modified SBA-15 in situ via a facile, ethylene glycol (EG)-assisted sonochemical method. The products were confirmed by x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nitrogen adsorption analysis. The Pd/SBA-15 composite was used for the realization of direct electron transfer of hemoglobin (Hb).