Limonene enhances rice plant resistance to a piercing-sucking herbivore and rice pathogens.

Terpene synthases (TPSs) are key enzymes in terpenoids synthesis of plants and play crucial roles in regulating plant defence against pests and diseases. Here, we report the functional characterization of OsTPS19 and OsTPS20, which were upregulated by the attack of brown planthopper (BPH). BPH female adults performed concentration-dependent behavioural responses to (S)-limonene showing preference behaviour at low concentrations and avoidance behaviour at high concentrations.

Expression and clinical significance of NRLP1 in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction combined with malignant ventricular arrhythmia.

Objective: To investigate the clinical effects of NRLP1 expression in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) combined with arrhythmia.

Methods: We enrolled 231 patients with STEMI in the first hospital of Quanzhou affiliated to Fujian Medical University from January 2019 to December 2020 to the observational group and 230 healthy individuals as the control group. We divided patients with STEMI into a malignant ventricular arrhythmia (MVA) group (=36) and non-MVA(NMVA) group (=195) depending on whether the individuals had experienced an episode of MVA within 48 hours after PCI.

Sonoactivated Cascade Fenton Reaction Enhanced by Synergistic Modulation of Electron-Hole Separation for Improved Tumor Therapy.

Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) is an emerging targeted treatment technique for tumors via the generation of highly cytotoxic hydroxyl radical (·OH) governed by tumor microenvironment-assisted Fenton reaction. Despite high effectiveness, it faces limitations like low reaction efficiency and limited endogenous H O , compromising its therapeutic efficacy. This study reports a novel platform with enhanced CDT performance by in situ sono-activated cascade Fenton reaction.

Upregulation of lncRNA NONRATG019935.2 suppresses the p53-mediated apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells in septic acute kidney injury.

Although increasing evidence has confirmed that the apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) is a crucial contributor to the onset and development of septic acute kidney injury (AKI), the pathological mechanism by which RTEC apoptosis is upregulated during septic AKI is not entirely clear. In this study, a rat model of septic AKI was induced by a cecal ligation puncture procedure or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection. Four differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs (DE-Lncs) in the rat model of septic AKI were determined using RNA-sequencing and verified by qRT-PCR.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation entrains alpha oscillatory activity in occipital cortex.

Parieto-occipital alpha rhythms (8-12 Hz) underlie cortical excitability and influence visual performance. Whether the synchrony of intrinsic alpha rhythms in the occipital cortex can be entrained by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is an open question. We applied 4-pulse, 10-Hz rhythmic TMS to entrain intrinsic alpha oscillators targeting right V1/V2, and tested four predictions with concurrent electroencephalogram (EEG): (1) progressive enhancement of entrainment across time windows, (2) output frequency specificity, (3) dependence on the intrinsic oscillation phase, and (4) input frequency specificity to individual alpha frequency (IAF) in the neural signatures.

Wayfinding of Firefighters in Dark and Complex Environments.

Firefighters searching in dark and complex environments might lose their orientation and endanger themselves at the fireground. This study conducted experiments in the Training Facility of the New Taipei City Fire Department (NTFD), Taiwan. The objective of the experiments was to analyze the profile of each firefighter by a 13-factor self-report survey and their wayfinding time in dark and complex environments (DCEs).

Causally linking neural dominance to perceptual dominance in a multisensory conflict.

When different senses are in conflict, one sense may dominate the perception of other sense, but it is not known whether the sensory cortex associated with the dominant modality exerts directional influence, at the functional brain level, over the sensory cortex associated with the dominated modality; in short, the link between sensory dominance and neuronal dominance is not established. In a task involving audio-visual conflict, using magnetoencephalography recordings in humans, we first demonstrated that the neuronal dominance - auditory cortex functionally influencing visual cortex - was associated with the sensory dominance - sound qualitatively altering visual perception. Further, we found that prestimulus auditory-to-visual connectivity could predict the perceptual outcome on a trial-by-trial basis.

Enhancing Local Disaster Management Network through Developing Resilient Community in New Taipei City, Taiwan.

Large-scaled disaster events had increasingly occurred worldwide due to global and environmental change. Evidently, disaster response cannot rely merely on the public force. In the golden hour of crisis, not only the individuals should learn to react, protect themselves, and try to help each other, but also the local school, enterprise, non-government organization (NGO), nonprofit organization (NPO), and volunteer groups should collaborate to effectively deal with disaster events.

Comparison of Scoring Systems in Predicting Severity and Prognosis of Hypertriglyceridemia-Induced Acute Pancreatitis.

Background: In China, hyperlipidemia is the second major reason of acute pancreatitis.

Aims: Comparison of Scoring Systems in identification patients at risk for severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), pancreatic necrosis (PNec), and infected pancreatic necrosis (IPN) early in the course of hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis (HTG-AP).

Methods: Predictive accuracy of scoring systems was measured by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) in a retrospective study.

Triple dissociation of duration perception regulating mechanisms: Top-down attention is inherent.

The brain constantly adjusts perceived duration based on the recent event history. One such lab phenomenon is subjective time expansion induced in an oddball paradigm ("oddball chronostasis"), where the duration of a distinct item (oddball) appears subjectively longer when embedded in a series of other repeated items (standards). Three hypotheses have been separately proposed but it remains unresolved which or all of them are true: 1) attention prolongs oddball duration, 2) repetition suppression reduces standards duration, and 3) accumulative temporal preparation (anticipation) expedites the perceived item onset so as to lengthen its duration.

Effects of Transgenic Rice Infected with SRBSDV on Bt expression and the Ecological Fitness of Non-vector Brown Planthopper Nilaparvata lugens.

The susceptibility of rice lines, T1C-19, T2A-1, and MH63 to SRBSDV infection are similar and the contents of cry protein in T2A-1 and T1C-19 do not change significantly. The survival rates of BPH nymphs feeding on SRBSDV-infected T1C-19, Bt T2A-1, or MH63 rice plants were not significantly different. The developmental stages of female BPH fed on T1C-19 plants infected with SRBSDV were significantly shorter than those fed on uninfected rice, while the males showed no significant difference.

Expression of lima bean terpene synthases in rice enhances recruitment of a beneficial enemy of a major rice pest.

Volatile terpenoids play a key role in plant defence against herbivory by attracting parasitic wasps. We identified seven terpene synthase genes from lima bean, Phaseolus lunatus L. following treatment with either the elicitor alamethicin or spider mites, Tetranychus cinnabarinus.

A Novel Naturally Occurring Class I 5-Enolpyruvylshikimate-3-Phosphate Synthase from Janibacter sp. Confers High Glyphosate Tolerance to Rice.

As glyphosate is a broad spectrum herbicide extensively used in agriculture worldwide, identification of new aroA genes with high level of glyphosate tolerance is essential for the development and breeding of transgenic glyphosate-tolerant crops. In this study, an aroA gene was cloned from a Janibacter sp. strain isolated from marine sediment (designated as aroAJ.

[Plastid genome engineering: novel optimization strategies and applications].

The plastid genome engineering system allows site-specific modifications via two homologous recombination events. It is much safer, more precise and efficient compared with the nuclear transformation system. This technology can be applied to the basic research to expand plastid genome function analysis, and it also provides an excellent platform for not only high-level production of recombinant proteins but also plant breeding.

Enantio- and Diastereoselective Formal Hetero-Diels-Alder Reactions of Trifluoromethylated Enones Catalyzed by Chiral Primary Amines.

Enantioselective formal hetero-Diels-Alder reactions of trifluoromethylated enones and 2-amino-1,3-butadienes generated in situ from aliphatic acyclic enones and chiral primary amines are reported. The corresponding tetrahydropyran-4-ones are formed in up to 94 % yield and with up to 94 % ee. The reaction was carried out through a stepwise mechanism, including initial aminocatalytic aldol condensation of 2-amino-1,3-butadiene to the trifluoromethylated carbonyl group followed by an intramolecular oxa-Michael addition.

The Munker-White effect and chromatic induction share similar nonlinear response properties.

The brightness or color appearance of a region may be altered by the presence of a pattern surrounding it in the visual field. The Munker-White effect (grating surround) and brightness or color induction from concentric annuli ('bull's-eye' surround) are two examples. We examined whether these two phenomena share similar properties.

[Field experiment of transgenic cry1Ab insect resistant rice].

Gene cry1Ab was transformed into Minghui 63 (Oryza sativa L.) via Agrobacterium and several homozygous transgenic lines were obtained. In this study, the copy numbers, Bt protein contents, insect resistance, and main agronomic traits of these lines were examined.