Aere perennius: how chromatin fidelity is maintained and lost in disease.

Multicellular organisms arise from a single genome template in the zygote, necessitating the cells of the developing embryo to up- and downregulate specific genes to establish and maintain their identity. This template is maintained, propagated, and interpreted as chromatin, a polymer of nucleic acids and associated structural and regulatory proteins. Recent genome-wide surveys documented a wealth of disease-associated mutations in chromatin factors, indicating their fundamental significance and potential for therapeutic targeting.

Future heat-related mortality in Europe driven by compound day-night heatwaves and demographic shifts.

Anthropogenic climate change is driving summer heat toward more humid conditions, accompanied by more frequent day-night compound heat extremes (high temperatures during both day and night). As the fast-warming and aging continent, Europe faces escalating heat-related health risks. Here, we projected future heat-related mortality in Europe using a distributed lag nonlinear model that incorporates humid heat and compound heat extremes, strengthened by a health risk-based definition of extreme heat and a scenario matrix integrating time-varying adaptation trajectories.

Nitrogen transformation and NO production pathways under arsenic and cadmium stress in Chongming Island, China.

Heavy metal(loid) pollution can adversely affect microbial diversity within the soil ecosystem, which are profoundly impacting soil nitrogen (N) cycling and nitrous oxide (NO) emissions. Here, ON labeling techniques based on incubation experiment were used to investigate the N transformation and NO production pathways response to moderately contaminated, heavily contaminated and extremely contaminated of arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) levels in paddy soil and coastal wetland. In paddy soil, ammonification rate (PAT) and nitrification rate (PNT) decreased by 15.

Genomic and functional characterization of a strain isolated from human gut microbiota.

The gut is the most complex microbial ecosystem in the body that greatly influences human immune and metabolic health. However, the functional understanding of gut microbiome is hampered by our limited ability to obtain bacterial cultures for experimental validation, particularly low-abundant species that may carry specific functions but are often overlooked by population-based analyses. Here, we isolated and characterized a novel strain of (named Bp 531D) from human gut microbiota, representing the first butyrate-producing human isolate within a phylogenetic clade of complex.

Observation of disorder-induced boundary localization.

Bloch wavefunctions in crystals experience localization within the bulk when disorder is introduced, a phenomenon commonly known as Anderson localization. This effect is considered universal, being applicable to all types of waves, quantum or classical. However, the interaction between disorder and topology-a concept that has profoundly transformed many branches of physics-necessitates revisiting the original Anderson localization picture.

Gut Expansion of a Human Lupus Pathobiont is Associated With Autoantibody Production and T Cell Dysregulation.

Objective: The mechanisms by which the gut microbiome contributes to lupus pathogenesis remain poorly understood. The anaerobe Ruminococcus gnavus (RG) expands in patients with lupus in association with flares. The goal of this study was to determine the mechanisms by which candidate pathobiont lipoglycan-producing RG2 may contribute to autoimmunity and to identify factors promoting its expansion.

Prognostic Implications of Lymph Node Status in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients Before and After Neoadjuvant Chemoimmunotherapy: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Background: In patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy, lymph node (LN) status is classified as ypN0 and ypN+. However, ypN0 includes patients who either had LN metastasis before neoadjuvant therapy (cN+/ypN0) or those who never developed LN metastasis (cN0/ypN0). The prognostic implications of these different LN statuses are not well understood.

MetaHiCNet: a web server for normalizing and visualizing microbial Hi-C interaction networks.

Metagenomic Hi-C (metaHi-C) enables the reconstruction of microbial genome organization and interspecies interactions by capturing physical contacts between genomic fragments. However, raw metaHi-C data are often confounded by systematic biases and spurious contacts, which can obscure meaningful biological signals. Existing metaHi-C pipelines typically lack user-friendly normalization workflows and intuitive visualization tools, limiting the ability to explore microbial interaction networks.

Drawer-like tunable ventilated sound barriera).

Ventilated acoustic barriers have great potential for practical applications; however, most of the current designs are limited by bandwidth and adjustability. Here, this study experimentally demonstrates a drawer-like tunable ventilated sound barrier with low-frequency bandwidth optimization, which is a monolayer periodic lattice of a pair of oppositely oriented Helmholtz resonators with drawer-like movable design. The sound insulation arises from sound reflection and absorption caused by the coupling of symmetric and anti-symmetric modes.

Sleeve lobectomy versus lobectomy after neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer invading the lobar bronchial orifice: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.

Background: For non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) invading lobar bronchial orifice, sleeve lobectomy is the preferred surgical option. Neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy may allow R0 resection with lobectomy. This study aims to compare the long-term outcome of sleeve lobectomy and lobectomy after neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy.

Ion robotic bronchoscopy laser ablation and Da Vinci robotic segmentectomy for bilateral pulmonary nodules: a case report.

Background: The treatment strategy of multiple pulmonary nodules presents significant challenges in thoracic surgery, particularly regarding precise diagnosis and treatment. The integration of emerging technologies for concurrent hybrid diagnostic and therapeutic approaches represents a potential breakthrough. The purpose of this study is to provide a new paradigm for the synchronous mixed treatment of multiple pulmonary nodules.

Experimental and Mechanistic Studies on the Tensile Sensitivity of a PDMS/MWCNT Nanocomposite and Its Application in Concrete Crack Monitoring.

A polydimethylsilosane/multiwalled carbon nanotube (PDMS/MWCNT) nanocomposite, as a tensile-strain-sensing material, was manufactured using a simple solution casting method. The percolation threshold, the relationship between the temperature and resistance, the tensile sensitivity, and the mechanism of the tensile sensitivity of the PDMS/MWCNT nanocomposite were studied, along with its application in concrete crack monitoring. The results show that the PDMS/MWCNT nanocomposite demonstrated a significant percolation phenomenon.

Comparison of Wedge Resection and Anatomical Lung Resection in Elderly Patients With Early-Stage Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer With Visceral Pleural Invasion: A Population-Based Study.

Background: As the global population ages, the prevalence of early-stage nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) among octogenarians is rising. This demographic frequently presents with comorbid conditions, diminished cardiopulmonary function, and increased frailty, which elevate the risks associated with standard treatments. While lobectomy combined with lymph node dissection is still considered the gold standard for managing NSCLC, octogenarians are at significantly higher risk of perioperative mortality.

regulates carbohydrate metabolic functions of the gut microbiome in C57BL/6 mice.

The probiotic impact of microbes on host metabolism and health depends on both host genetics and bacterial genomic variation. is the predominant human gut commensal emerging as a next-generation probiotic. Although this bacterium exhibits substantial intraspecies diversity, it is unclear whether genetically distinct strains might lead to functional differences in the gut microbiome.

Glutaminolysis promotes the function of follicular helper T cells in lupus-prone mice.

Glutamine metabolism is essential for T cell activation and functions. The inhibition of glutaminolysis impairs Th17 cell differentiation and alters Th1 cell functions. There is evidence for an active glutaminolysis in the immune cells of lupus patients.

Incidence and risk factor analysis of moderate-to-severe pain after preoperative CT-guided hook-wire puncture localization of pulmonary nodules.

Background: Pain is a relatively common complication after hook-wire puncture localization. However, the problem of pain occurrence following this localization procedure has not been sufficiently examined. In this prospective study, we aimed to investigate the incidence and risk factors associated with acute pain after preoperative CT-guided hook-wire puncture localization of pulmonary nodules.

Global expansion of wildland-urban interface intensifies human exposure to wildfire risk in the 21st century.

Rapidly increasing human-nature interactions exacerbate the risk of exposure to wildfires for human society. The wildland-urban interface (WUI) represents the nexus of human-nature interactions, where the risk of exposure to natural hazards such as wildfire is most pronounced. However, quantifying long-term global WUI change and the corresponding driving factors at fine resolution remain challenging.

Glycolysis inhibition functionally reprograms T follicular helper cells and reverses lupus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease in which the production of pathogenic autoantibodies depends on T follicular helper (T ) cells. This study was designed to investigate the mechanisms by which inhibition of glycolysis with 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2DG) reduces the expansion of T cells and the associated autoantibody production in lupus-prone mice. Integrated cellular, transcriptomic, epigenetic and metabolic analyses showed that 2DG reversed the enhanced cell expansion and effector functions, as well as mitochondrial and lysosomal defects in lupus T cells, which include an increased chaperone-mediated autophagy induced by TLR7 activation.

Refraction/reflection reversal in two-dimensional acoustic metagratingsa).

Unlike acoustic metasurfaces that rely solely on phase gradients, acoustic metagratings (AMs) operate based on both phase gradients and grating diffraction, thus further extending the generalized Snell's law (GSL). In particular, AMs can achieve reversal of refraction and reflection based on the parity of the number of wave propagations inside the AMs. So far, discussions of this GSL extension have largely been applied to one-dimensional periodic AMs, while the designs of two-dimensional (2D) periodic AMs and their performance in three-dimensional (3D) space have been quite limited.

Spatiotemporal evolution of land use efficiency in 357 cities across mainland China from 2000 to 2020 based on SDG 11.3.1.

High-efficiency land use facilitates the maximization of land utilization, lowers urban construction costs, and optimizes urban functional patterns. The Sustainable Development Goal 11.3.

Three-dimensional valley-contrasting sound.

Spin and valley are two fundamental properties of electrons in crystals. The similarity between them is well understood in valley-contrasting physics established decades ago in two-dimensional (2D) materials like graphene-with broken inversion symmetry, the two valleys in graphene exhibit opposite orbital magnetic moments, similar to the spin-1/2 behaviors of electrons, and opposite Berry curvature that leads to a half topological charge. However, valley-contrasting physics has never been explored in 3D crystals.