Allostatic Load and Physical Frailty Increase the Risk of Depression Recurrence in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Aims: Individuals with prior depressive episodes have a more fragile homeostasis, but the exploration of depression recurrence remains limited. Our study aimed to explore the associations of allostatic load (AL) and frailty with the risk of depression recurrence.

Methods: This study included 9,936 individuals from the UK Biobank who reported depression prior to recruitment.

Combined social determinants of health contributed to adverse health outcomes among depression: evidence from two national cohorts.

Aims: Social determinants of health (SDHs) exert a significant influence on various health outcomes and disparities. This study aimed to explore the associations between combined SDHs and mortality, as well as adverse health outcomes among adults with depression.

Methods: The research included 48,897 participants with depression from the UK Biobank and 7,771 from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Association between intake of various sugar subtypes and common mental disorders: A large prospective study.

Objective: Sugar is an essential part of the daily diet but poses multiple health risks. Previous studies have neglected the association between specific sugar subtypes and mental health. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the associations between ten subtypes of sugar and three mental disorders: depression, anxiety, and self-harm.

Associations between dietary mineral intake and rheumatoid arthritis: evidence from UK biobank and NHANES.

Objectives: The relationship between dietary mineral intakes and the risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains limited. This study aims to investigate the associations between dietary mineral intakes with RA.

Methods: We evaluated the association between dietary mineral intakes and RA in 123 940 adults age 40-70 years.

Diminished Cerebral Oxygen Extraction and Metabolic Rate in Neonates With Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy.

Background: Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), which is associated with perinatal disruption of cerebral oxygen supply and utilization, is a leading cause of neonatal mortality and severe neurological impairment in childhood. The present study investigated whether key physiological parameters of cerebral oxygen utilization, specifically oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), cerebral blood flow, and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO), were altered in neonates with HIE, and whether these parameters were associated with clinical indices.

Methods: In this case-control study, neonates with HIE and healthy control newborns were enrolled from the Johns Hopkins Children's Center and the Children's Hospital at the University of Maryland Medical Center.

Metformin use on the risks of depression and anxiety in people with type 2 diabetes.

Background: Many studies have shown that metformin may benefit mental health, but its genetic relevance remains unclear. The balance between metformin's mental benefits and potential side effects has not been thoroughly explored. This highlights the need for a detailed evaluation of metformin's impact on personalized glucose-lowering strategies in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.

Rapid measurement of major cortical and subcortical venous oxygenation using EPI-based T-relaxation-under-phase-contrast.

Purpose: Cerebral venous oxygenation (Y) is an important physiological parameter indicating the brain's homeostasis of oxygen demand and supply. This study aims to develop a quantitative MRI technique to provide regional Y assessment in approximately 1 min.

Methods: The new pulse sequence is referred to as EPI-based T-relaxation-under-phase-contrast (EPI-TRUPC).

EAT-lancet Diet Modifies the Risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis through Metabolomic Signature.

Objective: To investigate the association between the EAT-Lancet diet and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the underlying metabolic mechanisms.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included 205,439 participants who were free of RA at baseline from the UK Biobank. The EAT-Lancet diet index was constructed based on dietary data collected via the Oxford WebQ.

Association of allostatic load with all-cause and cause-specific dementia: A prospective cohort study.

Introduction: Allostatic load (AL) serves as a valuable tool for objectively assessing the biological impact of chronic stress and has been implicated in dementia risk. This study aims to investigate the association between AL and all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia (VaD), and non-Alzheimer non-vascular dementia (NAVD).

Methods: This prospective study included 361,920 adults from the UK Biobank, with an observation period extending from March 13, 2006, to October 31, 2022, excluding participants with prior dementia diagnoses.

Association of the sulphur microbial diet and biological ageing: a cross-sectional study of 71 579 participants.

The sulphur microbial diet (SMD), a dietary pattern associated with forty-three sulphur-metabolising bacteria, may influence gut microbiota composition and contribute to ageing process through gut-produced hydrogen sulfide (HS). We aimed to explore the association between SMD and biological age (BA) acceleration, using the cross-sectional study that included 71 579 individuals from the UK Biobank. The SMD score was calculated by multiplying -coefficients by corresponding serving sizes and summing them, based on dietary data collected using the Oxford WebQ, a 24-hour dietary assessment tool.

Association of dietary diversity, genetic susceptibility, and the risk of incident dementia: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Previous studies have revealed how single foods or nutrients affect dementia, but the evidence for a potential link between dietary diversity and dementia is inconsistent.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the association between dietary diversity and the risk of incident dementia.

Design, Setting And Participants: This prospective study included 104,572 white participants without dementia at baseline recruited between 2006 and 2010 from the UK Biobank.

A large-scale multi-omics polygenic risk score analysis identified candidate risk locus associated with rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the associations of multi-omics polygenic risk score (PRS) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to identify potential genes/proteins and biological pathways.

Methods: Based on multi-omics data from 48,813 participants in the INTERVAL cohort, we calculated multi-omics PRS for 13,646 mRNAs (RNASeq), 308 proteins (Olink), 2380 proteins (SomaScan), 726 metabolites (Metabolon), and 141 metabolites (Nightingale). Using the generalized linear model, we first evaluated the associations between multi-omics PRS and RA in 58,813 UK Biobank participants.

Associations of classical HLA alleles with sleep behaviours.

Immune dysregulation has been observed in individuals with sleep disturbance, with HLA molecules play a crucial role in the immune response. This study aimed to investigate the associations between HLA alleles and sleep behaviours, considering several environmental factors. Data were sourced from the UK Biobank.

Advances of antimicrobial dressings loaded with antimicrobial agents in infected wounds.

Wound healing is a complex process that is critical for maintaining the barrier function of the skin. However, when a large quantity of microorganisms invade damaged skin for an extended period, they can cause local and systemic inflammatory responses. If left untreated, this condition may lead to chronic infected wounds.

Association of accelerated biological aging with brain volumes: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Multiple epidemiological studies have observed the connection between aging and brain volumes. The concept of accelerated biological aging (BA) is more powerful for observing the degree of aging of an individual than chronologic age (CA). The objective of this study is to explore the relationship between BA and brain volumes.

Micronutrient-Associated Single Nucleotide Polymorphism and Mental Health: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Purpose: Previous studies have demonstrated the link between micronutrients and mental health. However, it remains uncertain whether this connection is causal. We aim to investigate the potential causal effects of micronutrients on mental health based on linkage disequilibrium score (LDSC) regression and Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Dietary diversity score and the acceleration of biological aging: a population-based study of 88,039 participants.

Objectives: Our study aimed to investigate the association of dietary diversity score (DDS), as reflected by five dietary categories, with biological age acceleration.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Setting And Participants: This study included 88,039 individuals from the UK Biobank.

Assessing the joint effects of mitochondrial genes and physical activity on the psychiatric phenotype of subjective well-being based on the UK Biobank data.

Subjective well-being (SWB) is an important measure for mental health status. Previous research has shown that physical activity can affect an individual's well-being, yet the underlying molecular mechanism remains to be clarified. In this study, we aim to evaluate the potential interactions between mitochondrial genes and physical activity (PA) as well as their combined effects on individual well-being.

Association between white matter hyperintensity and anxiety/depression.

Although previous studies have explored the associations of white matter hyperintensity with psychiatric disorders, the sample size is small and the conclusions are inconsistent. The present study aimed to further systematically explore the association in a larger sample. All data were extracted from the UK Biobank.

Insight into the Causal Relationship between Gut Microbiota and Back Pain: A Two Sample Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study.

Observational studies have shown that alterations in gut microbiota composition are associated with low back pain. However, it remains unclear whether the association is causal. To reveal the causal association between gut microbiota and low back pain, a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis is performed.

Automatic Rejection based on Tissue Signal (ARTS) for motion-corrected quantification of cerebral venous oxygenation in neonates and older adults.

Objective: Cerebral venous oxygenation (Y) is a key parameter for the brain's oxygen utilization and has been suggested to be a valuable biomarker in various brain diseases including hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy in neonates and Alzheimer's disease in older adults. T-Relaxation-Under-Spin-Tagging (TRUST) MRI is a widely used technique to measure global Y level and has been validated against gold-standard PET. However, subject motion during TRUST MRI scan can introduce considerable errors in Y quantification, especially for noncompliant subjects.

Causal relationship between gut microbiota and rheumatoid arthritis: a two-sample Mendelian randomisation study.

Objectives: To assess whether there is a bidirectional causal relationship between the composition of gut microbiota and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and to identify specific pathogenic bacterial taxa via the Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis.

Methods: We acquired single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with the composition of gut microbiota (n=18,340) and with RA (n=331,313) from publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The genome-wide threshold was 1 × 10-5 in the forward MR analysis and was 5 × 10-8 in the reverse MR analysis.

Quantification of T and T of subarachnoid CSF: Implications for water exchange between CSF and brain tissues.

Purpose: To quantify the T and T values of CSF in the subarachnoid space (SAS) at 3 T and interpret them in the context of water exchange between CSF and brain tissues.

Methods: CSF T was measured using inversion recovery, and CSF T was assessed using T -preparation. T and T values in the SAS were compared with those in the frontal horns of lateral ventricles, which have less brain-CSF exchange.

Deep Learning Model for Static Ocular Torsion Detection Using Synthetically Generated Fundus Images.

Purpose: The objective of the study is to develop deep learning models using synthetic fundus images to assess the direction (intorsion versus extorsion) and amount (physiologic versus pathologic) of static ocular torsion. Static ocular torsion assessment is an important clinical tool for classifying vertical ocular misalignment; however, current methods are time-intensive with steep learning curves for frontline providers.

Methods: We used a dataset (n = 276) of right eye fundus images.