The Relationship Between Serum Inflammatory Markers and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Middle-Aged and Older Adults in the United States: A Cross-Sectional Study Based on NHANES 2013-2018.

Objective: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by increased inflammation, persistent decline in lung function, and extensive lung damage. Research has shown that inflammation plays a crucial role in the formation and progression of COPD. The systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) is an emerging inflammatory biomarker whose clinical significance in COPD remains undetermined.

Traditional medicine Kuanxiong Aerosol alleviates atherosclerotic plaque inflammation by mitigating CX3CR1 macrophage apoptosis via the cGAS-STING pathway.

Background: Atherosclerosis (AS), a chronic inflammatory vascular disease, represents the leading cause of lethal cardiovascular events and demands innovative therapies targeting plaque inflammation. Kuanxiong Aerosol (KX), a clinically used traditional Chinese medicine for angina, exhibits potent anti-inflammatory activities.

Purpose: This investigation aimed to explore the therapeutic potential and mechanism of KX for AS.

Basin dependencies of tropical cyclone genesis environment and possible future changes revealed by machine learning methods.

Tropical cyclone (TC) genesis mechanisms remain debated, complicating predictions of climate change impacts. This study uses principal-component analysis (PCA), confidence ellipses, and correlation circles to analyze TC genesis environments across ocean basins. Results show that TC genesis is basin dependent, except in the North Atlantic (NA), where absolute vorticity primarily drives differences in genesis locations.

Pretargeted Multimodal Tumor Imaging by Enzymatic Self-Immobilization Labeling and Bioorthogonal Reaction.

Covalent modification of cell membranes has shown promise for tumor imaging and therapy. However, existing membrane labeling techniques face challenges such as slow kinetics and poor selectivity for cancer cells, leading to off-target effects and suboptimal efficacy. Here, we present an enzyme-triggered self-immobilization labeling strategy, termed E-SIM, which enables rapid and selective labeling of tumor cell membranes with bioorthogonal trans-cycloctene (TCO) handles .

Kuanxiong Aerosol Attenuates Ischemic Stroke Injury via Modulation of the TRPV1 Channel.

Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic effects of Kuanxiong Aerosol (KXA) on ischemic stroke with reperfusion and elucidate the underlying pharmacological mechanisms.

Methods: In vivo pharmacological effects on ischemic stroke with reperfusion was evaluated using the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (t-MCAO) mice model. To evaluate short-term outcome, 30 mice were randomly divided into vehicle group (n=15) and KXA group (n=15).

Complex bronchopleural fistulas: a case report.

Bronchopleural fistula (BPF) is a potentially fatal complication and remains a surgical challenge. Concomitant problems, such as pulmonary infection and respiratory failure, are typically the main contributors to mortality from BPF because of improper contact between the bronchial and pleural cavity. We present the case of a 75-year-old male patient with a history of right upper lobe lung cancer resection who developed complex BPFs.

PCN/BiOCl Polymer-Based Heterojunction with Rich Chlorine Defects for Photocatalytic Amine Oxidation.

Porous carbon nitride/bismuth oxychloride (PCN/BiOCl-x) polymer-based heterojunction photocatalysts were successfully synthesized via a simple in situ hydrothermal method. A PCN/BiOCl heterojunction with rich chlorine defects is prepared by adjusting the chlorine content of the BiOCl unit in the heterojunction by changing the solvent. The as-prepared catalysts were characterized via BET, SEM, TEM, XRD, XPS and optical testing, and they were used for a photocatalytic amine oxidation reaction.

Branched-chain amino acids catabolism and cancer progression: focus on therapeutic interventions.

Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), including valine, leucine, and isoleucine, are crucial amino acids with significant implications in tumorigenesis across various human malignancies. Studies have demonstrated that altered BCAA metabolism can influence tumor growth and progression. Increased levels of BCAAs have been associated with tumor growth inhibition, indicating their potential as anti-cancer agents.

Endothelial FIS1 DeSUMOylation Protects Against Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension.

Background: Hypoxia is a major cause and promoter of pulmonary hypertension (PH), a representative vascular remodeling disease with poor prognosis and high mortality. However, the mechanism underlying how pulmonary arterial system responds to hypoxic stress during PH remains unclear. Endothelial mitochondria are considered signaling organelles on oxygen tension.

Pneumonia caused by Schizophyllum commune in a patient with diabetes: A case report and comprehensive literature review.

Rationale: Schizophyllum commune (S. commune) is a basidiomycete bracket fungus that rarely causes invasive fungal infections. It is often misdiagnosed as other invasive fungal disease because of its atypical clinical features.

How does market competition affect supplier-induced demand? An experimental study.

Introduction: This study investigated the impact of competition on supplier-induced demand in medical markets theoretically and experimentally.

Methods: We employed the framework of credence goods to describe the information asymmetry between physicians and patients, and theoretically derives predictions of physicians' behaviors in monopolistic and competitive markets. Then we conducted behavioral experiments to empirically test the hypotheses.

The Contagion of Unethical Behavior and Social Learning: An Experimental Study.

Unethical behavior is discovered that is more contagious than ethical behavior. This article attempts to propose one of the possible underlying mechanisms-people may have underconfidence bias in information updating due to motivated reasoning, and such bias exhibits in a different direction compared to the overconfident bias documented in the literature on ethical environment, which generate the asymmetric pattern in contagion. This study designs an experiment which relates the unethical behavior to social learning, where a series of subjects with private information about penalty decide sequentially whether to conduct unethical behavior publicly.

A machine learning-based approach to ERα bioactivity and drug ADMET prediction.

By predicting ERα bioactivity and mining the potential relationship between Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, Toxicity (ADMET) attributes in drug research and development, the development efficiency of specific drugs for breast cancer will be effectively improved and the misjudgment rate of R&D personnel will be reduced. The quantitative prediction model of ERα bioactivity and classification prediction model of Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, Toxicity properties were constructed. The prediction results of ERα bioactivity were compared by XGBoot, Light GBM, Random Forest and MLP neural network.

FGFR1 SUMOylation coordinates endothelial angiogenic signaling in angiogenesis.

Angiogenesis contributes fundamentally to embryonic development, tissue homeostasis, and wound healing. Basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2) is recognized as the first proangiogenic molecule discovered, and it facilitates angiogenesis by activating FGF receptor 1 (FGFR1) signaling in endothelial cells. However, the precise roles of FGFR and the FGF/FGFR signaling axis in angiogenesis remain unclear, especially because of the contradictory phenotypes of in vivo FGF and FGFR gene deficiency models.

Vasorelaxation effect of oxysophoridine on isolated thoracicc aorta rings of rats.

Oxysophoridine (OSR) is a main active alkaloid extracted from Sophora alopecuroides, which is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that has been used widely. In this study, we used thoracic aorta rings isolated from Sprague-Dawley rats to explore the vasodilative activity of OSR and its potential mechanisms. The isolated rat thoracic aorta rings were used to observe the effects of different concentrations of OSR (0.

Regioselective Difluoromethane sulfonylation and Triflylation of Resorufin Derivatives.

Reported herein is a regioselective difluoromethane sulfonylation or triflylation of resorufin derivatives, which allows easy access to 2-difluoromethane sulfonylated or triflylated resorufin derivatives in good yields. The installation of a difluoromethane sulfonyl group significantly increases the solubility of the chromophore and expands its Stokes shift. A difluoromethane sulfonylated resorufin-based fluorogenic probe proved to be able to image enzyme activity in live cells with a stronger fluorescence signal compared with its resorufin counterpart.

Utility and Safety of Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration in the Diagnosis of Isolated Mediastinal Masses.

Background: Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is a valuable tool for diagnosing pulmonary disease due to its efficiency and safety. We retrospectively analyzed patients with mediastinal masses who underwent diagnostic EBUS-TBNA at Shanghai Chest Hospital, and evaluated the clinical accuracy of EBUS-TBNA in the diagnosis mediastinal masses.

Method: From 2009 and 2014, patients who received EBUS-TBNA to diagnose a isolated mediastinal mass were enrolled.

Construction of a PCN/FeO/CdS double Z-type heterojunction photocatalyst and its application in the oxidative coupling reaction of benzylamine.

In this work, a PCN/Fe2O3/CdS ternary heterojuction photocatalyst was constructed by introducing an appropriate amount of ferric oxide (Fe2O3) and cadmium sulfide (CdS) onto porous carbon nitride (PCN), denoted as PCN/Fe2O3/CdS. In the presence of PCN/Fe2O3/CdS, the turnover frequency value and selectivity of the oxidative coupling reaction of benzylamine were 6740 μmol g-1 h-1 and 99.4%, respectively.

is associated with weakened pulmonary function and reduced incidence of allergic conditions in patients with chronic cough.

The present study aimed to investigate the potential association between (a ) positive state and chronic cough. A clinical observational study with systematic analysis was performed, including 278 patients with complaints of chronic cough and 148 healthy controls. a positive state was present in 61.

Long-Chain Non-Coding RNA Metastasis-Related Lung Adenocarcinoma Transcript 1 (MALAT1) Promotes the Proliferation and Migration of Human Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells (hPASMCs) by Regulating the MicroRNA-503 (miR-503)/Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) Signal Axis.

BACKGROUND To study the role of the long-chain noncoding RNA (lncRNA) metastasis-related lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1), microRNA-503 (miR-503), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signal axis in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). MATERIAL AND METHODS Total RNA was extracted from the plasma of 45 PAH patients and 45 healthy subjects, and the expression of lncRNA MALAT1 and miR-503 was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The effects of lncRNA MALAT1 and miR-503 on Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and the proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (hPASMCs) were tested following in vitro transfection of hPASMCs.