Smad interacting protein 1 influences transforming growth factor-β/Smad signaling in extracellular matrix protein production and hypertrophic scar formation.

The transforming growth factor (TGF)-β/Smad signal transduction pathway is closely associated with hypertrophic scar (HS) formation. Smad interacting protein 1 (SIP1) is a cytoplasmic protein that efficiently regulates Smad2-/3-dependent signaling within the TGF-β pathway. SIP1 influences collagen synthesis in the HS through a heretofore unknown mechanism.

[Effects of reactive by burn rat serum oxygen species on apoptosis of pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells induced].

Objective: To observe the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in rats with severe burn and pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) treated with serum of rat with burn injury, and to investigate the relationship between ROS and apoptosis of PMVECs.

Methods: (1) Twenty-four SD rats were divided into sham injury group ( n = 3) and burn group (n = 21) according to the random number table (the same grouping method below). Rats in burn group were inflicted with 30% TBSA full-thickness scald on the back, and rats in sham injury group were sham injured.

Effects of integrin ανβ3 on differentiation and collagen synthesis induced by connective tissue growth factor in human hypertrophic scar fibroblasts.

CCN2 is a matricellular protein that appears to be important in scar formation. CCN2 mediates the pro-fibrotic effects in hypertrophic scars (HTSs) through an unknown mechanism. However, many activities of CCN2 protein are known to be mediated by direct binding to integrin receptors.

[Effects of mouse adipose-derived stem cell conditioned medium on the apoptosis of keratinocytes induced by thermal injury in vitro].

Objective: To investigate the effects of mouse adipose-derived stem cell conditioned medium (ADSC-CM) on apoptosis of keratinocytes (human epithelial cell line HaCaT) induced by thermal injury in vitro.

Methods: (1) Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) from inguinal adipose tissue of 5 healthy BALB/c mice were isolated, cultured, and purified by collagenase digestion in vitro. The 3rd passage of cells were collected for morphologic observation, detection of expressions of surface markers CD31, CD34, CD45, CD90, and CD105 with flow cytometer, and identification of adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation.

[EFFECTS OF INDOLEAMINE 2, 3-DIOXYGENASE GENE MODIFIED BONE MARROW MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS IN RAT COMPOSITE TISSUE ALLOGRAFT REJECTION].

Objective: To evaluate the effects and mechanism of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) modified rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in composite tissue allograft rejection.

Methods: BMSCs isolated from Brown Norway (BN) rats (aged, 4-6 weeks) were infected by IDO [green fluorescent protein (GFP)]-lentivirus. The high expression target gene and biological activity cell line (IDO-BMSCs) were screened.

Anti-fibrotic actions of interleukin-10 against hypertrophic scarring by activation of PI3K/AKT and STAT3 signaling pathways in scar-forming fibroblasts.

Background: The hypertrophic scar (HS) is a serious fibrotic skin condition and a major clinical problem. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) has been identified as a prospective scar-improving compound based on preclinical trials. Our previous work showed that IL-10 has anti-fibrotic effects in transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-stimulated fibroblasts, as well as potential therapeutic benefits for the prevention and reduction of scar formation.

The role of ERK and JNK signaling in connective tissue growth factor induced extracellular matrix protein production and scar formation.

CCN2 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertrophic scars (HTSs). Although CCN2 is involved in many fibroproliferative events, the CCN2 induction signaling pathway in HTSs is yet to be elucidated. Here, we first investigated the effect of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) on CCN2-induced α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen I expression in human HTS fibroblasts (HTSFs).

Differential effect of weight loss on adipocyte size subfractions in patients with type 2 diabetes.

The size of adipocytes influences their function suggesting a differential responsiveness to intervention. We hypothesized that weight loss in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) predominantly decreases the size of large and very-large adipocyte subfractions in parallel with beneficial changes in serum adipokines and improved insulin sensitivity. A total of 44 volunteers from the Look Action for Health in Diabetes trial, who lost weight after 1-year of intense lifestyle intervention, were included.

Metabolic syndrome and risk factors for cardiovascular disease: are nonagenarians protected?

This study assessed cardiovascular disease risk factors in three groups of human subjects aged 20-34 [young, 20 male (M)/33 female (F)], 60-74 (aged, 29M/29F), and > 90 years (nonagenarian, 47M/50F). Components of the metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress were assessed. Nonagenarians weighed less than the two other groups (P < 0.

Physical activity in aging: comparison among young, aged, and nonagenarian individuals.

Physical activity (PA) is known to decline with age; however, there is a paucity of data on activity in persons who are in their nineties and beyond. We used objective and reliable methods to measure PA in nonagenarians (>or=90 yr; n=98) and hypothesized that activity would be similar to that of aged (60-74 yr; n=58) subjects but less than in young (20-34 yr; n=53) volunteers. Total energy expenditure (TEE) was measured by doubly labeled water over 14 days and resting metabolic rate (RMR) by indirect calorimetry.

Potential role of increased matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2) transcription in impaired adipogenesis in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

We measured gene expression of paracrine regulators involved in adipocyte differentiation within the stromovascular fraction of abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue from obese individuals with (n=30) and without (n=18) type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Despite similar adiposity by design, subjects with T2DM had larger adipocytes (0.92+/-0.

Aging, resting metabolic rate, and oxidative damage: results from the Louisiana Healthy Aging Study.

Background: The aging process occurs at variable rates both among and within species and may be related to the variability in oxygen consumption and free radical production impacting oxidative stress. The current study was designed to test whether nonagenarians have a relatively low metabolic rate and whether it is associated with low levels of oxidative stress relative to age.

Methods: Resting metabolic rate (RMR) and markers of oxidative stress to lipids, proteins, and DNA were measured in three groups of individuals aged 20-34 (n=47), 60-74 (n=49), and>or=90 years (n=74).

Lack of an effect of a novel beta3-adrenoceptor agonist, TAK-677, on energy metabolism in obese individuals: a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized study.

Objective: Our objective was to test the safety and metabolic effects of a novel beta(3)-adrenoreceptor agonist (TAK-677) in humans.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Sixty-five obese (body mass index = 33.9 +/- 2.