Chinese Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Drug-Induced Liver Injury in Primary Care (2024).

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a drug-induced disease that not only complicates the treatment of the primary disease but may also lead to acute liver failure or even death in severe cases. Drugs commonly used in primary care, such as anti-infective agents and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, are major causes of DILI. In addition, a large elderly population, comorbidities, and combination therapy with multiple drugs increase the risk of DILI in primary care.

Three patients with new mutations in the variant gene for congenital tufting enteropathy and a mutation review in China: a case report.

Background: Congenital tufting enteropathy (CTE) is a rare cause of intractable congenital diarrhea in children, always resulting in parenteral nutrition (PN) dependency. We aimed to report novel mutations in Chinese patients and to illustrate the clinical, histopathological, and molecular features of CTE in China.

Case Description: We report three cases of CTE diagnosed with whole-exome sequencing (WES) and MOC31 [a monoclonal antibody of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EPCAM)] immunohistochemistry.

Prediction model using readily available clinical data for colorectal cancer in a chinese population.

Background: In China, health screening has become common, although colonoscopy is not always available or acceptable. We sought to develop a prediction model of colorectal cancer (CRC) for health screening population based on readily available clinical data to reduce labor and economic costs.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study based on a health screening population in Karamay Central Hospital.

Appropriate body mass index cutoffs for type 2 diabetes in Xinjiang population: defining the influence of liver aminotransferase.

Background/purpose: Recent study suggested that type 2 diabetes (T2DM) attributed to body mass index (BMI) could be influenced by liver aminotransferase. We aim to ascertain the cut-off point of BMI associated with T2DM and the influence of both elevated aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT).

Materials And Methods: In our retrospective cohort study, T2DM was diagnosed when FBS ≥ 7.

[Light energy utilization and distribution characteristics of flag leaf C assimilate in different spike-type wheat varieties and their responses to supplementary irrigation].

To clarify the differences in light energy utilization and distribution characteristics of flag leaf C assimilate in different spike-type wheat varieties and their responses to supplementary irrigation, we set three water treatments in a field experiment, including no irrigation during growth duration of wheat (W), water-saving irrigation (W, irrigating at jointing and anthesis of wheat to keep the relative moisture of 0-40 cm soil to 65% and 70%), full irrigation (W, irrigating at jointing and anthesis of wheat to keep the relative moisture of 0-40 cm soil to 85% and 90%) with the medium-spike wheat cultivars Jimai 22 and Qingnong 2, large-spike wheat cultivars Shannong 23 and Shannong 30 as test materials. The effects of different water treatments on canopy light energy utilization and C assimilate distribution characteristics of two spike-type wheat varieties were examined. The results showed that leaf area index, canopy light interception rate, and light energy utilization rate of the two varieties at 2, 11, 20 and 31 days after anthesis were significantly higher than W treatment, but there was no significant change in each index when the irrigation increased to W treatment.

Diagnostic value of gamma-glutamyltransferase/aspartate aminotransferase ratio, protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist II, and alpha-fetoprotein in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Researchers have investigated the diagnostic value of protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist II (PIVKA-II) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and obtained abundant clinical diagnostic data. However, PIVKA-II and AFP have unsatisfactory specificity and sensitivity in the diagnosis of early-stage HBV-related HCC. Gamma-glutamyltransferase (γ-GT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) are common biomarkers for evaluating liver function, and we hypothesized that the γ-GT/AST ratio in combination with PIVKA-II and AFP would improve the diagnosis of early-stage HBV-related HCC.

Establishment of a quantitative detection method for magnetic microparticle chemiluminescence of anti-SSA-60 antibody.

Objective: To produce 60-kDa recombinant Sjőren's syndrome antigen A (SSA-60) by gene engineering and establish and evaluate the performance of a magnetic microparticle chemiluminescence quantitative method for detecting anti-SSA-60 antibody in sera.

Methods: Recombinant antigen was prepared by gene recombination technology and purified by high affinity Ni resin. The immunogenicity of the recombinant antigen was verified in immunized BALB/c female mice, and the immune reactivity of our recombinant antigen was assessed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method.

A giant and extensive solitary Peutz-Jeghers-type polyp in the antrum of stomach: Case report.

Rationale: A solitary Peutz-Jeghers-type polyp is a hamartomatous polyp which without either mucocutaneous pigmentation or a family history of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS). It can occur in all of the gastrointestinal tract, but it is extremely rare in the stomach.

Patient Concerns: A 53-year-old man was admitted to the local hospital with left upper abdominal pain lasting 2 weeks.

Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21WAF1/CIP1 Facilitates the Development of Cardiac Hypertrophy.

Background/aims: Adult cardiomyocytes can re-enter cell cycle as stimulated by prohypertrophic factors although they withdraw from cell cycle soon after birth. p21WAF1/CIP1, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, has been implicated in cardiac hypertrophy, however, its precise contribution to this process remains largely unclear.

Methods: The gene expression profile in left ventricle (LV) of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats was determined using quantitative PCR array and verified by real-time PCR and Western blotting.

[Expression of CXCR7 in Gastric Cancer Cells and Its Effect on the Migration and Invasion of SGC-7901 Cells].

Objectives: To determine the expression of chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 7 (CXCR7) in five gastric cancer cell lines with various degrees of differentiation, and the effect of silencing on the migration and invasion of SGC-7901 cells.

Methods: The expression of CXCR7 in gastric cell lines (HGC-27, MGC-803, SGC-7901, BGC-823 and MKN-28) was detected by Western bolt and RT-PCR. The SGC-7901 cells were transfected with liposome of CXCR7 siRNA to silence gene, and then treated with stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1)-the ligand of CXCR7.

Expression of TGF-β1/mTOR signaling pathway in pathological scar fibroblasts.

The aim of the present study was to detect the expression of the key molecules, including transforming growth factor‑β1 (TGF-β1), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (Akt) of TGF‑β1/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in pathological scar fibroblasts. Immunofluorescence, reverse transcription‑polymerase chain reaction (RT‑PCR) and western blot analysis were used to detect the expression of the key molecules TGF‑β1, PI3K, Akt, mTOR in fibroblasts of normal skin tissue and pathological scar tissue. Immunofluorescence showed that the expression of TGF‑β1, PI3K and Akt was significantly enhanced (P<0.

Triptolide Upregulates Myocardial Forkhead Helix Transcription Factor p3 Expression and Attenuates Cardiac Hypertrophy.

The forkhead/winged helix transcription factor (Fox) p3 can regulate the expression of various genes, and it has been reported that the transfer of Foxp3-positive T cells could ameliorate cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Triptolide (TP) can elevate the expression of Foxp3, but its effects on cardiac hypertrophy remain unclear. In the present study, neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVM) were isolated and stimulated with angiotensin II (1 μmol/L) to induce hypertrophic response.

Absorption and Fluorescence Properties of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter Produced by Algae.

Four kinds of diatom (Chaetoceros curvisetus, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Nitzschia closterium f. minutissima and Navicula halophile) and two kinds of dinoflagellates (Prorocentrum donghaiense and Gymnodinium) were cultured under laboratory conditions. Variations of optical properties of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) were studied with absorption and fluorescence excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy(EEM) during growth of marine microalgae in incubation experiment.

Distributions and sources of volatile chlorocarbons and bromocarbons in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea.

Six volatile halogenated organic compounds (VHOC), namely, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethylene, bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane, and bromoform, were studied in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea from April to May, 2009. The spatial variability of these VHOC was influenced by various factors, including anthropogenic inputs, biogenic production and complicated hydrographic features such as Changjiang Diluted Water, Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass, and Kuroshio Current. Diurnal study results showed that factors such as solar irradiation, biological activity, and tide affected the abundance of these VHOC.

Gαq protein carboxyl terminus imitation polypeptide GCIP-27 improves cardiac function in chronic heart failure rats.

Background: Gαq protein carboxyl terminus imitation polypeptide (GCIP)-27 has been shown to alleviate pathological cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by various factors. Pathological cardiac hypertrophy increases the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases while it compensates for poor heart function. This study was designed to investigate the effects of GCIP-27 on heart function in rats with heart failure induced by doxorubicin.

[Distribution, flux and biological consumption of carbon monoxide in the East China Sea and the South Yellow Sea in summer].

Carbon monoxide (CO) concentration distribution, sea-to-air flux and microbial consumption rate constant, along with atmospheric CO mixing ratio, were measured in the East China Sea and the South Yellow Sea in summer. Atmospheric CO mixing ratios varied from 68 x 10(-9) -448 x 10(-9), with an average of 117 x 10(-9) (SD = 68 x 10(-9), n = 36). Overall, the concentrations of atmospheric CO displayed a decreasing trend from the coastal stations to the offshore stations.

[Simulated study of algal fatty acid degradation in hypoxia seawater-sediment interface along China coastal area].

Series of laboratory incubation experiments were conducted to simulate degradation of organic matter in sediment-seawater interface in hypoxia enviroments along China coastal area. Under four different redox conditions (oxygen saturation: 100%, 50%, 25% and 0%), degradations of seveal biomarkers originated from Skeletonema costatum, a typical red tide alage along China coastal area were tracked. By analyzing concentrations of four fatty acid biomarkers [14:0, 16:0, 16:1(7) and 20:5] obtained at various sampling time, results showed that their concentrations decreased significantly after 2-3 weeks' incubation.

[Effects of probiotics on blood glucose levels and clinical outcomes in patients with severe craniocerebral trauma].

Objective: To investigate the effects of probiotics on blood glucose levels and clinical outcomes in patients suffering from severe craniocerebral trauma.

Methods: A prospective randomized control study was conducted. Fifty-two severe craniocerebral trauma patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) were randomized into experimental or control group (each n=26).

Transmembrane transport of the Gαq protein carboxyl terminus imitation polypeptide GCIP-27.

The Gαq protein carboxyl terminus imitation polypeptide (GCIP)-27 has been shown to affect cardiac hypertrophy and vascular remodeling in various models both in vitro and in vivo. Transport across the plasma membrane is a critical step in regulating the action of this peptide drug. This study was designed to explore the mechanisms underlying the transmembrane transport of GCIP-27.

[Distribution characteristics and sea-air fluxes of volatile halocarbons in the East China Sea in winter].

Volatile halocarbons (VHCs) are important greenhouse gases, which play significant roles in the global warming and the chemistry of the atmosphere. The concentrations of four kinds of volatile halocarbons including CHCl3, C2 HCl3, C2 Cl4 and CHBr3 in seawater were determined by Purge and Trap-Chromatography in the East China Sea during the period of 23 December 2009-5 January 2010, and the sources of the VHCs were studied. The result showed that the means (ranges) of the CHCl3, C2 HCl3, C2 Cl4 and CHBr3 concentrations in the surface waters were 23.

Distributions and sea-to-air fluxes of chloroform, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, chlorodibromomethane and bromoform in the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea during spring.

Halocarbons including chloroform (CHCl3), trichloroethylene (C2HCl3), tetrachloroethylene (C2Cl4), chlorodibromomethane (CHBr2Cl) and bromoform (CHBr3) were measured in the Yellow Sea (YS) and the East China Sea (ECS) during spring 2011. The influences of chlorophyll a, salinity and nutrients on the distributions of these gases were examined. Elevated levels of these gases in the coastal waters were attributed to anthropogenic inputs and biological release by phytoplankton.

[Changes in the intestinal microenvironment during development of alcoholic fatty liver disease and related effects of probiotic therapy].

Objective: To investigate the initial changes in the gut microenvironment that accompany intestinal endotoxemia related to alcoholic fatty liver disease (ALD) in order to explore the potential initiating factors and to observe the effect of probiotic therapy on these factors.

Methods: Fifty Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into an ALD model group (alcoholic intragastric administration), an intervention group (ALD with probiotic intragastric administration), and a control group (physiological saline intragastric administration). Histological changes of the liver were evaluated using hematoxylin-eosin staining and light microscopy.

[Effects of pretreatment of lipid, midazolam and propofol on ropivacaine-induced convulsion and LD50 in rats].

Objective: To assess the effects of lipid on ropivacaine-induced convulsion and LD50 in rats and compare with those of the traditional anticonvulsants midazolam and propofol.

Methods: Protocol 1: A total of 120 SD rats (60 males, 60 females), weighing 200-300 g, were randomly assigned into 4 groups with equal males and females: lipid (L), midazolam (M) and propofol (P) and control (C). Rats were pretreated with 10 ml/kg lipid intravenously in group L, saline and 0.

Distributions and sea-to-air fluxes of volatile halocarbons in the East China Sea in early winter.

The concentrations of six volatile halogenated organic compounds (VHOC)-chloroform (CHCl(3)), trichloroethylene (C(2)HCl(3)), tetrachloroethylene (C(2)Cl(4)), carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)), methylchloroform (CH(3)CCl(3)), and bromoform (CHBr(3)) in the East China Sea (ECS) in November and December 2010 were measured by a purge and trap system coupled to a gas chromatograph with an electron capture detection (ECD). Mean (range) concentrations of CHCl(3), C(2)HCl(3), C(2)Cl(4), CH(3)CCl(3), CCl(4) and CHBr(3) in the surface water were 16.90 (0.