Hierarchical mesoporous ZIF-8-immobilized enzyme microreactor coupled with HPLC for screening of α-glucosidase inhibitors from green tea.

Hierarchical mesoporous ZIF-8 (HZIF-8) was synthesized using a thermosensitive hydrogel as a soft template. Zinc ions (Zn) were uniformly dispersed on the hydrogel surface through metal-ion coordination with salicylic acid and melamine, followed by coordination with 2-methylimidazole at room temperature. After the thermal removal of salicylic acid and melamine, HZIF-8 was obtained which exhibited a bimodal pore structure comprising both micropores and mesopores.

Spatial determinants of antibody-drug conjugate SHR-A1811 efficacy in neoadjuvant treatment for HER2-positive breast cancer.

Selecting optimal candidates for next-generation anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) remains challenging. We conduct a prespecified translational study to identify treatment biomarkers in SHR-A1811-treated HER2-positive breast cancer patients from the phase 2 neoadjuvant FASCINATE-N trial using DNA and RNA sequencing, computational pathology, and single-cell in situ spatial imaging. In the hormone receptor (HR)-negative subgroup, a higher proportion and more infiltration of immune cells (i.

Three-dimensional ordered macro-microporous ZIF-8-α-Glu microreactors for α-glucosidase inhibitors screening from green tea.

Due to the larger pore structure, the macroporous material can be used as the immobilized carrier to not only increase the enzyme loading capacity, but also facilitate the transfer of reactants and substrates. Based on this, a three-dimensional ordered macro-microporous ZIF-8 (SOM-ZIF-8) was prepared using three-dimensional ordered stacked polystyrene spheres as the hard template. The morphology and structure of SOM-ZIF-8 were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and so on.

Molecular and immune characterization of Chinese early-stage non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer: a multi-omics cohort study.

Background: Albeit considered with superior survival, around 30% of the early-stage non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (Ns-NSCLC) patients relapse within 5 years, suggesting unique biology. However, the biological characteristics of early-stage Ns-NSCLC, especially in the Chinese population, are still unclear.

Methods: Multi-omics interrogation of early-stage Ns-NSCLC (stage I-III), paired blood samples and normal lung tissues (n=76) by whole-exome sequencing (WES), RNA sequencing, and T-cell receptor (TCR) sequencing were conducted.

Analyzing the associations between tertiary lymphoid structures and postoperative prognosis, along with immunotherapy response in gastric cancer: findings from pooled cohort studies.

Background: The clinical significance of tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) in gastric cancer (GC) was uncertain.

Methods: A systematic search was performed in public databases for eligible studies as of April 2, 2023. Meta-analyses were performed to interrogate the associations between TLS levels and prognosis and immunotherapy response of GC.

Full-space and multi-polarization holograms realized by a non-Hermitian bilayer metasurface.

Multilayer metasurfaces break the mirror symmetry along the path of light propagation, thereby increasing the potential for light manipulation. Herein, a paradigm is proposed that building a non-Hermitian bilayer metasurface, which is composed of two identical, orthogonally oriented, chiral J-shaped Au structures in each layer, allows exceptional points (EPs) to exist in full-space. Specifically, in the reflected half-space that adheres to mirror symmetry, the circularly polarized eigenstates coalesce at the EP, while in the transmission half-space, where mirror symmetry is broken, the linearly polarized eigenstates converge at the EP.

Stabilizing Anode-Electrolyte Interface for Dendrite-Free Zn-Ion Batteries Through Orientational Plating with Zinc Aspartate Additive.

The stability of aqueous Zn-ion batteries (AZIBs) is detrimentally influenced by the formation of Zn dendrites and the occurrence of parasitic side reactions at the Zn metal anode (ZMA)-electrolyte interface. The strategic manipulation of the preferential crystal orientation during Zn plating serves as an essential approach to mitigate this issue. Here, Zn aspartate (Zn-Asp), an electrolyte additive for AZIBs, is introduced not only to optimize the solvation structure of Zn , but also to crucially promote preferential Zn plating on the (002) crystal plane of ZMA.

Near-infrared light-triggered nitric oxide nanocomposites for photodynamic/photothermal complementary therapy against periodontal biofilm in an animal model.

: Periodontal disease, an oral disease that initiates with plaque biofilm infection, affects 10% of the global population. Due to the complexity of tooth root anatomy, biofilm resistance and antibiotic resistance, traditional mechanical debridement and antibiotic removal of biofilms are not ideal. Nitric oxide (NO) gas therapy and its multifunctional therapy are effective methods to clear biofilms.

Intratumoral tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) maturation is influenced by draining lymph nodes of lung cancer.

Background: Tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) is an organized infiltration of immune cells, showing features of germinal center (GC) commonly seen in secondary lymphoid organs. However, its relationship with tumor-draining lymph nodes (TDLNs) has not been studied and we hypothesized that TDLN may influence maturation of intratumoral TLS in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: Tissue slides of 616 patients that had undergone surgeries were examined.

Global trends in the burden of esophageal cancer, 1990-2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Background: Esophageal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. A deeper understanding of the trends in annual incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) of esophageal cancer is critical for management and prevention. In this study, we report on the disease burden of esophageal cancer in 204 countries and territories between 1990 and 2019 by age, sex, and sociodemographic index (SDI).

Risk mapping of lung cancer: a comprehensive appraisal of published meta-analyses incorporating Mendelian randomization studies.

Introduction: A comprehensive appraisal of published meta-analyses incorporating Mendelian randomization studies was performed to map the different risk factors and assess the causality for lung cancer.

Methods: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational and interventional studies were reviewed based on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. Mendelian randomization analyses were conducted to validate the causal associations of those various exposures with lung cancer using summary statistics from 10 genome-wide association studies (GWAS) consortia and other GWAS databases in MR-Base platform.

Multiplex immunofluorescence and single-cell transcriptomic profiling reveal the spatial cell interaction networks in the non-small cell lung cancer microenvironment.

Background: Conventional immunohistochemistry technologies were limited by the inability to simultaneously detect multiple markers and the lack of identifying spatial relationships among cells, hindering understanding of the biological processes in cancer immunology.

Methods: Tissue slices of primary tumours from 553 IA∼IIIB non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases were stained by multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) assay for 10 markers, including CD4, CD38, CD20, FOXP3, CD66b, CD8, CD68, PD-L1, CD133 and CD163, evaluating the amounts of 26 phenotypes of cells in tumour nest and tumour stroma. StarDist depth learning model was utilised to determine the spatial location of cells based on mIF graphs.

Front-line treatment for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer and ALK fusion: a network meta-analysis.

Background: It remains unknown what is the optimal front-line choice for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusion.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized phase III clinical trials comparing two or more treatments as the front-line setting for patients with advanced ALK-positive NSCLC.

Results: Nine phase III randomized clinical trials with 2367 patients were included.

Causal effects of genetically determined metabolites on cancers included lung, breast, ovarian cancer, and glioma: a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Previous studies have shown that metabolites play important roles in phenotypic regulation, but the causal link between metabolites and tumors has not been examined adequately. Herein, we investigate the causality between metabolites and various cancers through a Mendelian randomization (MR) study.

Methods: We carried out a two-sample MR analysis based on genetic instrumental variables as proxies for 486 selected human serum metabolites to evaluate the causal effects of genetically determined metabotypes (GDMs) on cancers.

Ankylosing Spondylitis and the Risk of Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis and Mendelian Randomization.

It remains uncertain whether ankylosing spondylitis is associated with an increased risk of lung cancer. We conducted a meta-analysis to comprehensively evaluate the correlation between ankylosing spondylitis and lung cancer based on existing literature. Eligible studies were identified by searching the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library before 26 March 2021.

Plasma Circulating Vitamin C Levels and Risk of Endometrial Cancer: A Bi-Directional Mendelian Randomization Analysis.

Background: Observational studies indicated that circulating vitamin C (VitC) levels may be correlated with the risk of endometrial cancer (EC). However, the causal effects and direction between them were still unclear.

Methods: In this study, 11 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) robustly correlated with plasma VitC levels were extracted from the latest genome-wide association study (GWAS), containing 52,018 individuals.

Facile Preparation of Fluorescent Carbon Dots from Glutathione and l-Tryptophan for Sensitive and Selective Off/On Detection of Fe Ions in Serum and Their Bioimaging Application.

In the past decade, carbon dots (CDs) have attracted considerable attention due to their excellent properties such as low toxicity, good biocompatibility, good fluorescence imaging, etc. Here, glutathione and l-tryptophan were used as carbon sources to hydrothermally synthesize CDs for sensitive and selective off/on detection of Fe ions. The CDs are spherical nanoparticles with an average particle size of 3.