Post-marketing safety monitoring of RSV vaccines: A real-world study based on the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS).

Two protein subunit vaccines - RSVPreF3 (Arexvy, GSK) and RSVpreF (Abrysvo, Pfizer) - and one mRNA RSV vaccine, mRNA-1345 (mRESVIA, Moderna), have been approved. Post-marketing surveillance is crucial for evaluating the safety of RSV vaccines. We reviewed VAERS reports on RSV vaccines, using the Reporting Odds Ratio (ROR) and Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network (BCPNN) to identify safety signals.

Factors Associated with Successful Treatment of Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli Infections Using Intravenous Colistin Sulfate in China: A Real-World Retrospective Study.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of intravenous colistin sulfate (CS) in the treatment of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (CR-GNB) infections in real-world clinical settings and to identify factors influencing its therapeutic outcomes, with the aim of promoting the rational use of CS.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of 174 patients diagnosed with CR-GNB infection who received intravenous CS at our center between January 2021 and December 2023. The study evaluated both clinical efficacy and adverse drug reactions (ADRs).

Development and validation of a prognostic nomogram to predict 30-day all-cause mortality in patients with CRO infection treated with colistin sulfate.

Background: Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative organism (CRO) infection is a critical clinical disease with high mortality rates. The 30-day mortality rate following antibiotic treatment serves as a benchmark for assessing the quality of care. Colistin sulfate is currently considered the last resort therapy against infections caused by CRO.

Real-World, Multicenter Case Series of Patients Treated with Isavuconazole for Invasive Fungal Disease in China.

Background: The incidence of invasive fungal disease (IFD) has increased significantly, and IFD is a major cause of mortality among those with hematological malignancies. As a novel second-generation triazole antifungal drug offering both efficacy and safety, isavuconazole (ISA) is recommended by various guidelines internationally for the first-line treatment of invasive aspergillosis (IA) and invasive mucormycosis (IM) infecting adults. Given that it was only approved in China at the end of 2021, there is currently a lack of statistical data regarding its usage in the Chinese population.

Armochaetoglasins L and M, new cytochalasans from an arthropod-derived fungus .

Armochaetoglasins L () and M (), two new cytochalasans, were isolated from the EtOAc extract of an arthropod-derived fungus . Armochaetoglasin L () is a rare 19,20--chaetoglobosin. Their structures were elucidated by NMR spectroscopy and comparison of their electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data.

New α-pyrone derivatives with herbicidal activity from the endophytic fungus Alternaria brassicicola.

Three pairs of undescribed enantiomeric α-pyrone derivatives (1a/1b-3a/3b) and six undescribed congeners (4-9), were obtained from the fungus Alternaria brassicicola that was isolated from the fresh leaves of Siegesbeckia pubescens Makino (Compositae). The structures of these new compounds were characterized by extensive NMR spectroscopic and HRESIMS data, and their absolute configurations were further elucidated by a modified Mosher's method, chemical conversion, single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, and ECD calculations. This is the first report of three pairs of enantiomeric α-pyrone derivatives from the fungus A.

Two new lanostane-type triterpenoids from the fungus sp. TJ403-rc01.

The endophytic fungus sp. TJ403-rc01 (Dematiaceae) isolated from the leaves of Jacq. (Rosaceae) was cultivated on rice medium and chemically investigated, affording two new lanostane-type triterpenoids, namely pericinones A and B ( and ).

Inducing new bioactive metabolites production from coculture of Pestalotiopsis sp. and Penicillium bialowiezense.

Coculturing two or more fungi is a useful strategy to awaken the silent genes to produce structurally diverse and bioactive natural products. Through the coculture of Pestalotiopsis sp. and Penicillium bialowiezense, six new isoprenylated chromane derivatives, including two pairs of enantiomeric ones (1a/1b-2a/2b) and two optical pure ones (3-4), two new isoprenylated phenol glucoside derivatives (6-7), as well as eight known structural analogues (5 and 8-14), were obtained.

Periconiastone A, an Antibacterial Ergosterol with a Pentacyclo[8.7.0.0.0.0]heptadecane System from sp. TJ403-rc01.

Periconiastone A (), an ergosterol with an unprecedented pentacyclo[8.7.0.

Bipolaricins A-I, Ophiobolin-Type Tetracyclic Sesterterpenes from a Phytopathogenic sp. Fungus.

A preliminary phytochemical investigation on the EtOAc extracts of the fungus sp. TJ403-B1 resulted in the identification of 12 ophiobolin-type phytotoxins (-), including nine new ones, termed bipolaricins A-I (-). The structures of - were elucidated via spectroscopic data (including HRESIMS and 1D and 2D NMR) and single-crystal X-ray diffraction (Cu Kα) analyses.

Anti-BACE1 and anti-AchE activities of undescribed spiro-dioxolane-containing meroterpenoids from the endophytic fungus Aspergillus terreus Thom.

Spiroterreusnoids A-F, six undescribed spiro-dioxolane-containing adducts bearing 3,5-dimethylorsellinic acid-based meroterpenoid and 2,3-butanediol moieties were isolated from the endophytic fungus Aspergillus terreus Thom from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f. (Celastraceae).

Alterbrassicicene A, a Highly Transformed Fusicoccane-Derived Diterpenoid with Potent PPAR-γ Agonistic Activity from Alternaria brassicicola.

Alterbrassicicene A (1), a fusicoccane-derived diterpenoid with an unprecedented framework, together with two known biosynthetic intermediates (2 and 3), were characterized from Alternaria brassicicola. The absolute structure of 1 was assigned by extensive spectroscopic analyses and quantum chemical calculations. Compound 1 represents a newly transformed monocyclic carbon skeleton of a highly functionalized diterpenoid bearing unique dihydro-2(3 H)-furanone and 2-cyclopenten-1-one motifs.

New 3,5-dimethylorsellinic acid-based meroterpenoids with BACE1 and AchE inhibitory activities from Aspergillus terreus.

Chemical investigation of the extracts of Aspergillus terreus resulted in the identification of terreusterpenes A-D (1-4), four new 3,5-dimethylorsellinic acid-based meroterpenoids. The structures and absolute configurations of 1-4 were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses including HRESIMS and 1D- and 2D-NMR, chemical conversion, and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Terreusterpenes A (1) and B (2) featured 2,3,5-trimethyl-4-oxo-5-carboxy tetrahydrofuran moieties.

Anti-inflammatory fusicoccane-type diterpenoids from the phytopathogenic fungus Alternaria brassicicola.

Altering the cultivation conditions, such as temperature, media compositions, illumination, aeration, the shape of the culturing flask, etc., is regarded as a useful strategy for the exploitation of structurally novel and bioactive secondary metabolites, which inspired us to explore the chemical and pharmacological diversities from the genetically powerful fungus Alternaria brassicicola. As a result, twelve fusicoccane-type diterpenoids, including eight new ones, termed brassicicenes Q-X (1-8), were isolated from a modified rice medium.

Butenolides from a marine-derived fungus Aspergillus terreus with antitumor activities against pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells.

Chemical study on the extract of a marine-derived fungus Aspergillus terreus yielded twelve butenolide derivatives, including three new compounds, namely asperlides A-C (1-3) and nine known butenolides (4-12). The structures of 1-3 were confirmed by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis, including HRESIMS, NMR spectroscopy, and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD). The cytotoxicity of the compounds was evaluated using PANC-1, HCC1806, HepG2, BEAS-2B and HT-29 cancer cells.

Antibacterial activity against drug-resistant microbial pathogens of cytochalasan alkaloids from the arthropod-associated fungus Chaetomium globosum TW1-1.

By feeding 1-methyl-l-tryptophan (1-MT) into cultures of the arthropod-associated fungus Chaetomium globosum TW1-1, three novel cytochalasan alkaloids, termed as armochaetoglosins A-C (1-3), together with five known analogues, namely prochaetoglobosin I (4), chaetoglobosin T (5), chaetoglobosin C (6), armochaetoglobin Y (7), and chaetoglobosin V (8), were isolated and characterized. Their structures including absolute configurations were elucidated by means of NMR spectroscopy, single-crystal X-ray crystallography, and comparison of the experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Structurally, compounds 1-3 represented the first examples of 1'-N-methyl-chaetoglobosins, which were possibly biosynthesized from the additive 1-MT rather than tryptophan.

Armochaetoglasins A-I: Cytochalasan alkaloids from fermentation broth of Chaetomium globosum TW1-1 by feeding L-tyrosine.

By feeding L-tyrosine into the culture medium, nine undescribed compounds, termed as armochaetoglasins A-I, together with three known analogues, namely armochaetoglobin E, chaetoglobosin V, and chaetoglobosin J, were isolated and identified from the medicinal terrestrial arthropod-derived fungus Chaetomium globosum TW1-1. Their structures were elucidated by means of NMR spectroscopy, single-crystal X-ray crystallography, and comparison of their electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Structurally, armochaetoglasin A represented the first tyrosine-derived cytochalasan alkaloid characterized by a 13-membered carbocyclic ring system; armochaetoglasins B and C possessed a rare 19,20-seco-chaetoglobosin skeleton.

BACE1 Inhibitory Meroterpenoids from Aspergillus terreus.

Sixteen 3,5-dimethylorsellinic acid-based (DMOA-based) meroterpenoids, including 10 new compounds, asperterpenes D-M (1-10), were obtained from Aspergillus terreus. The structures and absolute configurations of the new compounds were confirmed by extensive spectroscopy, single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, and experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) measurements. Compounds 2, 3, and 7 are the first 3,5-dimethylorsellinic acid-based meroterpenoids possessing a unique cis-fused A/B ring system.

Terrusnolides A-D, new butenolides with anti-inflammatory activities from an endophytic Aspergillus from Tripterygium wilfordii.

Terrusnolides A-D (1-4), four butenolides were isolated from an endophytic Aspergillus from Tripterygium wilfordii. The structures of 1-4 were established by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculation. It is interesting that 1 was a butenolide derived by a triple decarboxylation, while 2-4 were the metabolites with 4-benzyl-3-phenyl-5H-furan-2-one motif possessing an isopentene group fused to the benzene ring.

Asperterpenes A and B, two unprecedented meroterpenoids from with BACE1 inhibitory activities.

Asperterpenes A () and B (), two 3,5-dimethylorsellinic acid-based meroterpenoids that contain a unique β-oriented Me-21 with an unprecedented 1,2,5-trimethyl-4,9-dioxobicyclo[3.3.1]non-2-ene-3-carboxylic acid moiety, were obtained from in very limited amounts of 3.