Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4)-targeting fluorescent probes for precision intraoperative visualization of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Purpose: This study aims to develop and validate a novel ACSL4-targeted fluorescent probe to enhance intraoperative visualization of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), emphasizing its binding affinity, specificity, and clinical applicability.

Methods: Transcriptomic sequencing data from TCGA, ICGC, CPTAC, and GSE25097 were analyzed to establish ACSL4 as a viable target for tumor visualization. An ACSL4-specific binding peptide (ABP) was identified using a combination of in vivo and in vitro phage display screening.

Bereavement and maternal mental disorders during the perinatal period: a nationwide register-based study in Sweden.

Perinatal mental disorders are common, yet few robust risk factors are known. Stressful life events such as loss of a close family member due to death could serve as potential clinical predictors for which mothers develop perinatal mental disorders. This study investigated the association between bereavement and the risk of first-onset perinatal mental disorders.

Multifunctional Gold Nanoclusters for a Lung Tissue Distribution Study of a Novel Anti-asthma Inhaled Antibody.

Pulmonary delivery of monoclonal antibodies has revolutionized the treatment of various types of lung diseases, such as severe asthma. However, the inconsistent antibody drug concentrations in the lungs and serum highlight the importance of monitoring the actual antibody distribution change in the lungs. In this study, we developed a novel antibody-functionalized gold nanocluster with high spatiotemporal resolution for fluorescence/CT dual-modal imaging based on an antibody targeting an allergic-airway-inflammation-related free cytokine in lungs.

Intestinal microbial dysbiosis under nitrite stress in juvenile three-keeled pond turtles, Mauremys reevesii.

Background: Nitrite is one of the primary pollutants in high-density aquaculture systems, and may cause various toxic effects (e.g., oxidative damage, metabolic and immune dysregulation, histological inflammation, etc.

Clinical study of renal damage in patients with Type-1 diabetic nephropathy based on shear wave elastography and hemodynamics.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical value of shear wave elastography(SWE) and hemodynamics in renal damage in patients with Type-1 diabetic nephropathy.

Method: This was a retrospective study. One hundred and ten patients with Type-1 diabetic nephropathy in The People's Hospital of Qingyuan District from January 2021 to January 2024 were selected as the study group, while sixty healthy subjects in the same period were selected as the healthy control group.

Premenstrual disorders and risk of cardiovascular diseases.

Several lines of evidence indicate a potential link between premenstrual disorders (PMDs) and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, it remains unclear whether women with PMDs have a higher risk of CVDs. Here we present a Swedish nationwide population-based matched cohort study from 2001 to 2022 and a sibling matched cohort to address familial confounding.

Shared genetic architecture between eating disorders, mental health conditions, and cardiometabolic diseases: a comprehensive population-wide study across two countries.

Eating disorders arise from a complex interaction of genetic and environmental influences. Here we provide comprehensive population-level estimates of the heritability of eating disorders and their genetic relationships with various mental health and cardiometabolic disorders (CMDs), expanding beyond genome-wide association studies. We examined the heritability of three eating disorders-anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and other eating disorders (OED)-and investigated shared familial and genetic risk factors with mental health disorders and CMDs.

Intermolecular Interaction Induced Synergistic Passivation toward Efficient and Stable 1.68 eV Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells.

The performance and stability of wide-band-gap (1.68 eV) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are critically constrained by two main challenges: i) nonradiative recombination and ii) insufficient environmental stability. In this study, a chemical synergistic passivation strategy is presented, which combines oleic acid (OA) with phenylethylammonium iodide (PEAI).

Association among blood pressure, antihypertensive drugs, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Background:  Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal and incurable neurodegenerative disease. The impacts of antihypertensive drugs and blood pressure (BP) on ALS are currently debatable.

Objective:  To evaluate the causal relationship involving antihypertensive drugs, BP, and ALS through a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Porosity prediction of tight reservoir rock using well logging data and machine learning.

The accurate quantification of porosity in tight reservoirs is crucial for optimizing oil and gas exploration and production. Traditional predictive models often face challenges such as high costs, low efficiency, and limited accuracy, hindering effective exploration activities. To address these issues, we apply advanced machine learning algorithms-gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT), random forest, XGBoost, and multilayer perceptron-using well logging data, including acoustic time (AC), well logging (CAL), compensating neutrons (CNL), density (DEN), natural gamma (GR), resistivity (RT), and spontaneous potential (SP).

miR-145-5p Inhibits HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Cells via Targeting ARF6.

Background: The objective of this study was to examine how miR-145-5p contributes to inhibiting the growth and movement of breast cancer cells by targeting and modulating the ADP-ribosylation factor 6 gene, as well as to clarify the mechanisms involved.

Methods: Bioinformatics analysis was used to study miR-145-5p expression in breast cancer samples from the TCGA database. RT-qPCR was performed on 25 pairs of HER2-positive breast cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues, as well as in SK-BR3 and MCF10A cell lines.

Lipids, apolipoproteins, carbohydrates, and risk of hematological malignancies.

Previous studies have investigated the role of metabolic factors in risk of hematological malignancies with contradicting findings. Existing studies are generally limited by potential concern of reverse causality and confounding by inflammation. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the associations of glucose, lipid, and apolipoprotein biomarkers with the risk of hematological malignancy.

Machine learning prediction algorithms for 2- , 5- and 10-year risk of Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and dementia at age 65: a study using medical records from France and the UK General Practitioners.

Background: Leveraging machine learning on electronic health records offers a promising method for early identification of individuals at risk for dementia and neurodegenerative diseases. Current risk algorithms heavily rely on age, highlighting the need for alternative models with strong predictive power, especially at age 65, a crucial time for early screening and prevention.

Methods: This prospective study analyzed electronic health records (EHR) from 76,427 adults (age 65, 52.

Carrier recombination dynamics in [MAPbCl][CsPbBr] shell-passivated CsPbBr single crystals.

As one of the commonly used methods for surface passivation of semiconductors, a heterostructure method was developed in this work to passivate surface traps of CsPbBr single crystals (SCs), and further, this method was correlated with carrier recombination processes. Herein, carrier recombination processes in bare and [MAPbCl][CsPbBr]-covered CsPbBr SCs were studied using time-resolved spectroscopic techniques, including steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) spectroscopy and time-resolved microwave photoconductivity (TRMC). By comparing the kinetics of TRPL and TRMC, we concluded that surface hole-trapping process dominates the TRPL kinetics of bare CsPbBr SCs and surface electron-trapping process dominates the slower decay component in TRMC.

Ten years preceding a diagnosis of neurodegenerative disease in Europe and Australia: medication use, health conditions, and biomarkers associated with Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Background: Many studies have investigated early predictors for Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, evidence is sparse regarding specific and common predictors for these diseases. We aimed to identify medication use, health conditions, and blood biomarkers that might be associated with the risk of AD, PD, and ALS ten years later.

ACSL4 promotes the formation of the proliferative subtype in hepatoblastoma.

Hepatoblastoma (HB) is the most common pediatric liver malignancy, with its significant heterogeneity complicating the identification of the most aggressive subtypes and the development of targeted therapies. In this study, we performed transcriptomic analysis of HB samples from the GEO database and identified three distinct molecular subtypes with varying prognostic outcomes. Among them, the proliferative subtype, characterized by enhanced proliferative capacity, poor prognosis, and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, was particularly notable.

Why SbSe/CdS Interface Produces Higher Power Conversion Efficiency.

Developing the Cd-free electron transport layer (ETL) is a crucial subject in the field of antimony selenide (SbSe) solar cells. At present, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the Cd-free SbSe solar cell is still substantially lower than that of CdS-based devices. It is significant to reveal the electron transfer features in SbSe/CdS heterojunction and SbSe/Cd-free ETL heterojunction for development of a Cd-free SbSe solar cell with high PCE.

Pan-Cancer Analysis of the Prognostic and Immunological Role of SEMA7A.

Background: Semaphorin7A (SEMA7A) has been found to regulate both nerve and vessel homeostasis, but its specific role in pan-cancer remains uncertain. This research seeks to delve into the function and clinical relevance of SEMA7A in pan-cancer.

Methods: Through an analysis of gene expression omnibus and the cancer genome atlas datasets, we investigated the impact of SEMA7A on prognosis and immune regulation across 33 types of tumors.

Pore-Scale Gas Storage Mechanisms, Characteristics, and Influencing Factors in Water-Bearing Shale: Insights from Molecular Dynamics Simulations.

In order to explore the microscopic storage mechanism of shale gas in water-bearing pores and its influencing factors, this article first establishes a molecular dynamics model for methane in different types of adsorbents using molecular dynamics simulation and the grand canonical ensemble Monte Carlo methods. These adsorbents include graphene, organic matter (kerogen), brittle minerals (quartz and albite), carbonate minerals (calcite), and clay minerals (illite, kaolinite, and montmorillonite). Then, by analyzing the molecular storage model and density distribution curves of methane in pores, the storage mechanisms of shale gas are analyzed and elucidated.

BMI trajectories from birth to young adulthood associate with distinct cardiometabolic profiles.

Background: Numerous studies have investigated links between body mass index (BMI) trajectories and cardiovascular risk, yet discrepancies in BMI measurement duration and timing of the cardiovascular-related outcome evaluation have led to inconsistent findings.

Methods: We included participants from the Swedish birth cohort (BAMSE) and applied latent class mixture modeling to identify BMI trajectories using data of multiple BMI measures (≥ 4 times) from birth until 24-year follow-up (n = 3204). Subsequently, we analyzed the associations of BMI trajectories with lipids (n = 1974), blood pressure (n = 2022), HbA1c (n = 941), and blood leukocytes (n = 1973) using linear regression.

Surgical removal of tonsils and risk of COVID-19: a nested case-control study using data from UK Biobank and AMORIS Cohort.

Background: To investigate the association between surgical removal of tonsils and risk of COVID-19 with different severity.

Methods: Through a nested case-control study during January 31st to December 31st 2020, including 58,888 participants of the UK Biobank, we investigated the association of tonsillectomy with the future risk of mild and severe COVID-19, using binomial logistic regression. We further examined the associations of such surgery with blood inflammatory, lipid and metabolic biomarkers to understand potential mechanisms.

Inflammatory Biomarkers and Risk of Psychiatric Disorders.

Importance: Individuals with psychiatric disorders have been reported to have elevated levels of inflammatory biomarkers, and prospective evidence is limited regarding the association between inflammatory biomarkers and subsequent psychiatric disorders risk.

Objective: To assess the associations between inflammation biomarkers and subsequent psychiatric disorders risk.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This was a prospective cohort study including individuals from the Swedish Apolipoprotein Mortality Risk (AMORIS) cohort, with no prior psychiatric diagnoses and having a measurement of at least 1 inflammatory biomarker.

Environmentally Relevant Levels of Antiepileptic Carbamazepine Altered Intestinal Microbial Composition and Metabolites in Amphibian Larvae.

There is growing concern about the potential ecological risks posed by pharmaceutical residues in the aquatic environment. However, our understanding of the toxic effects of antiepileptic pharmaceuticals, such as carbamazepine (CBZ), on aquatic animal larvae is still limited. In this study, the tadpoles of the black-spotted pond frog () were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of CBZ (0.