Circulating-free DNA: A promising tool for early detection of myocardial infarction.

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a leading global cause of mortality, necessitating novel biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis. This review explores circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) as a minimally invasive tool for MI detection, focusing on its mechanistic role, diagnostic accuracy, and potential in personalized medicine. CfDNA levels rise rapidly post-ischemic event, correlating with myocardial damage and complementing troponins.

Anti-angiogenic effects of silver nanoparticles on endothelial cells: in vitro and ex vivo studies.

Aim: Angiogenesis, invasion, and tube formation are critical processes in tumor progression and metastasis. The use of nanoparticles derived from natural products presents a promising approach for targeted cancer therapy. This study evaluates the anti-angiogenic and anti-invasive effects of silver nanoparticles (MO-AgNPs) as a therapeutic strategy against these processes.

Lactylation and methylation: Dual epigenetic codes and potential therapeutic targets in myocardial aging.

Combating aging has become a central challenge in the life sciences, and myocardial aging, as a fundamental pathological process underlying the development and progression of various cardiovascular diseases, has become a key area in anti-aging research. In recent years, lactylation and methylation, two metabolism-dependent epigenetic modifications, have garnered increasing attention in the context of myocardial aging. Lactylation, mediated by lactate accumulation due to metabolic dysregulation, modifies lysine residues on both histone and non-histone proteins, thereby participating in the regulation of gene transcription, metabolic homeostasis, and inflammatory responses.

Metabolomics Approach in Environmental Studies: Methodologies, Application and Challenges.

Metabolomics is the study of low molecular weight compounds, both endogenous and exogenous, present in an organism's cells, tissues, or biological fluids. In recent years it has gained significant attention in environmental research for assessing different environmental exposures-primarily chemical pollutants-affect the metabolism of organisms, including humans. Metabolomics has therefore emerged as a crucial technique in exposome investigations, enabling the exploration of molecular-level biological effect of xenobiotics.

Effect of nipa palm (Nypa fruticans Wurmb.) vinegar on the incretin hormones and intestinal glucose transporters in type 2 diabetes mellitus rat model.

Nipa palm vinegar has been traditionally used to lower blood glucose levels by diabetic patients. This study aims to analyse the effect of aqueous extract (AE) of nipa palm vinegar on glycemic parameters and glucose transporter-incretin hormonal system in type 2 diabetic rat. The model was established using a combination of high-fat diet (p.

Adverse Effect of Polystyrene Nanoplastics in Impairing Glucose Metabolism in Liver Injury.

Polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) are result from the degradation of plastic and have diameters ranging from 1 nm to 100 nm. The objective of this study is to provide information on the adverse effects of PS-NPs with in vitro and in vivo analyses of liver injury. An in vitro study was conducted using confocal microscopy, flow cytometry, and MTT test analysis.

Cytotoxic polyketides from the desert soil-derived fungus H231.

Three new heterodimeric polyketides, fleisine A-C (1-3), were obtained from the fermentation product of the desert soil-derived fungus H231. The structures of 1-3 were elucidated through an integrated analysis of spectroscopic data, while the absolute configurations were established by chemical hydrolysis followed by calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD). Biological evaluation revealed that compounds 1 and 2 exhibited potent cytotoxicity against multiple human tumor cell lines.

Emerging insights into mesenchymal stem cells and exosome-based therapies for liver injury.

Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury, fatty liver, liver fibrosis, liver peroxidative injury, and drug-induced liver injury are among the most common liver diseases. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess multi-lineage differentiation potential and immunomodulatory functions. In the treatment of liver injury, MSCs can promote repair through homing effects, direct differentiation into hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs), immunomodulation, and anti-fibrotic mechanisms.

Perillaldehyde targeting PARP1 to inhibit TRPM2-CaMKII/CaN signal transduction in diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Background: Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DC) is a serious complication of diabetes, characterized by myocardial fibrosis, hypertrophy, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Perillaldehyde (PAE), a natural monoterpene, has shown potential in mitigating cardiac damage.

Purpose: This study aims to elucidate the molecular mechanism of the protective effect of PAE on the DC and the interaction between DC pathogenesis.

Nanoscale strategies: doxorubicin resistance challenges and enhancing cancer therapy with advanced nanotechnological approaches.

Doxorubicin (DOX), an anthracycline, is widely used in cancer treatment by interfering RNA and DNA synthesis. Its broad antitumour spectrum makes it an effective therapy for a wide array of cancers. However, the prevailing drug-resistant cancer has proven to be a significant drawback to the success of the conventional chemotherapy regime and DOX has been identified as a major hurdle.

Ethanolic Extract of Red Okra Pods Induces Aberrant Spindle Segregation and Apoptotic Cell Death by Disrupting the Wnt Signaling Pathway in Colon Cancer Cells.

Background: In approximately 80% of colorectal cancer cases, mutations in the adenomatous polyposis coli () gene disrupt the Wingless-related integration site (Wnt)/β-catenin signaling pathway, a crucial factor in carcinogenesis. This disruption may result in consequences such as aberrant spindle segregation and mitotic catastrophe. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of the ethanolic extract of red okra () pods (EEROP) in inducing apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells (SW480) by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Alginate coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles as oral delivery carrier of curcumin and quercetin to colon cancer: preparation, optimization, characterization, and anticancer activity.

The synergistic bioactive effect of polyphenols can enhance the development of functional foods to prevent chronic diseases such as cancer. Curcumin and quercetin have been shown to possess anticancer properties. The combination of curcumin and quercetin has been shown to provide synergistic effects against cancer cell proliferation.

Exploring the role of Bisphenol A in obesity-driven colorectal cancer progression: network toxicology and multi-organ pathology in animal models.

Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine disruptor, is linked to cancer progression in estrogen-responsive tissues, but its role in promoting colorectal cancer (CRC) progression in the context of obesity remains underexplored. This study examines BPA's influence on CRC in obese Sprague-Dawley rats using network toxicology and experimental models. Computational analysis using the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery identified pathways such as "CRC" and "chemical carcinogenesis-receptor activation", implicating the PI3K-AKT pathway in IL-1 beta upregulation and BPA's role in CRC during obesity.

Unbiased Metabolomic and Chemometric profiles of three Sargassum polycystum extracts using GCMS and LCMS/MS: content analysis, correlation analysis and molecular docking.

Sargassum polycystum (S. polycystum) is a brown macroalga with a high phytochemical content, making it a nutritious and bioactive food source. However, information on factors contributing to health benefits, like antioxidants and cytotoxicity, is less explored for Malaysian S.

Extraction and characterization of sodium alginate from native Malaysian brown seaweed Sargassum polycystum.

Malaysian seaweed, particularly Sargassum polycystum, has potential for alginate production, yet an extraction protocol for this seaweed remains lacking. This study aimed to optimize the extraction process to maximize alginate yield while characterizing the physicochemical properties of the extracted alginate and its potential applications. An alkali-based extraction method was employed, with key parameters, including alkali concentration, extraction temperature, and time, carefully optimized to yield 30.

Antimetastatic effect of nanodiamond-conjugated quercetin against colon cancer: an in vivo study.

Background/aim: Quercetin (Q) is a compound that can inhibit the growth of cancer cells in the colon; however, to do so, a high dose is needed, requiring a drug delivery system to target cancer endothelial cells directly. This study investigates the potency of nanodiamond-conjugated quercetin (NDQ) as an anticancer drug against colon cancer in induced by N-methyl N-Nitrosourea (MNU).

Materials And Methods: This study is experimental-based and was designed using a six-group treatment method, namely normal control (KN: not treated by MNU, nanodiamond (ND), or Q); negative control (K-: treated by MNU); positive control (K+: treated by MNU and capecitabine); ND (treated by MNU and NDs); Q (treated by MNU and Q); and NDQ (treated by MNU and NDQ).

Medicinal activities of Tualang honey: a systematic review.

Natural products derived from various sources, including plants, have garnered significant interest as alternative therapeutic options. Among these, Tualang honey, extracted from the nectar of Tualang trees (Koompassia excelsa (Becc.) Taub.

Assessing the impact of temperature, pH, light and chemical oxidation on fucoxanthin colour changes, antioxidant activity and the resulting metabolites.

Background: The present study evaluated the effects of temperature, pH, light and chemical oxidation on fucoxanthin changes in terms of colour, antioxidant activity and metabolomic profile. Additionally, the correlation between antioxidant activity and identified metabolites was analysed.

Results: It was found that colour change was significantly reduced at elevated heat (100 °C, *∆E = 0.

Clinacanthus nutans crude polysaccharide extract as a green platform for microwave-assisted synthesis of silver nanoparticles: Optimization, characterization, and evaluation of bioactivities.

Clinacanthus nutans (C. nutans) is a plant in tropical Asia with proven biological activities. The optimized extraction method of C.

analysis of quercetin-like compounds from mistletoe e as a potential antiviral agent for Newcastle disease.

Background: Recent evidence suggests that some flavonoid compounds obtained from crude methanol extract of mistletoe leaves ( ), also known as Benalu Duku (BD), have antimicrobial effects. Thus, the plant has the potential to eliminate viruses that may cause outbreaks in chicken farms. This study aimed to prove the ability of flavonoid compounds, namely quercetin-like compounds (QLCs), to eliminate field viruses, specifically the Newcastle disease virus (NDV).

Effects of Phomopsidione on the Viability, Virulence, and Metabolites Profile of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections have become one of the most threatening multidrug-resistant pathogens. Thus, an ongoing search for anti-MRSA compounds remains an urgent need to effectively treating MRSA infections. Phomopsidione, a novel antibiotic isolated from Diaporthe fraxini, has previously demonstrated potent anti-candidal activity.

Construction of an Angular Tricyclic Benzofuran Skeleton Using the C-H Activation Strategy.

A protocol for the construction of an angular tricyclic benzofuran skeleton based on the C-H activation strategy has been established. Different phthalide lactones on this skeleton can be easily assembled with various side chains by using C-H activation with aldehydes and subsequent reduction. This skeleton provides a versatile and crucial motif for the total synthesis of naturally occurring angular tricyclic benzofurans and their derivatives.

Critical Evaluation of Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles-Kaempferol for Antibacterial Activity Against Methicillin-Resistant .

Introduction: This study aimed to characterize silver nanoparticles-kaempferol (AgNP-K) and its antibacterial activities against methicillin-resistant (MRSA). Green synthesis method was used to synthesize AgNP-K under the influence of temperature and different ratios of silver nitrate (AgNO and kaempferol).

Methods: AgNP-K 1:1 was synthesized with 1 mM kaempferol, whereas AgNP-K 1:2 with 2 mM kaempferol.