The Nature of Knowledge and Epistemic Interests of Radiography Science-An Analysis of Doctoral Dissertations Using Critical Normative Epistemology Framework.

Background And Aim: Radiography science is a health sciences discipline and a knowledge system focusing on research into medical imaging and radiation therapy-related phenomena: patient care, technology, safety and quality in these environments. This study aims to understand the nature of knowledge in radiography research by investigating epistemic interests and knowledge types.

Methodological Design: The study used nursing science critical normative epistemology as a framework for the analysis.

3D/4D imaging of complex and deformed microstructures with pink-beam dark field X-ray microscopy.

Dark Field X-ray Microscopy (DFXM) has advanced 3D non-destructive, high-resolution imaging of strain and orientation in crystalline materials, enabling the study of embedded structures in bulk. However, the photon-hungry nature of monochromatic DFXM limits its applicability for studying highly deformed or weakly crystalline structures, and constrains time-resolved studies in industrially relevant materials. Here, we present pink-beam DFXM (pDFXM) at the ID03 beamline of ESRF, achieving a 27-fold increase in diffracted intensity while maintaining 100 nm spatial resolution.

Comparative Analysis of Tailored Minicraniotomy versus Standard Pterional Craniotomy in the Treatment of Anterior Circulation Aneurysms: A Single-Center Case-Control Observational Study.

Introduction: Multiple minicraniotomies (Mct) have been proposed as alternatives to standard pterional craniotomy (Pct) for intracranial aneurysm treatment. These approaches offer limited surgical corridors and distinct working angles, posing challenges in addressing all aneurysm types with one method. We suggest a tailored Mct technique, comprising three minimally invasive approaches targeting anterior circulation aneurysm sites (middle cerebral artery, internal carotid artery, anterior communicating artery).

Pyrolysis of Polypropylene and Nitrile PPE Waste: Insights into Oil Composition, Kinetics, and Steam Cracker Integration.

In this study, non-isothermal pyrolysis of a mixture of disposable surgical face masks (FMs) and nitrile gloves (NGs) was conducted, using a heating rate of 100 °C/min, N flowrate of 100 mL/min, and temperatures between 500 and 800 °C. Condensable product yield peaked at 600 °C (76.9 wt.

Valorizing Bread Residue Through Sourdough Fermentation: From Bread Waste to Bread Taste.

Surplus bread accounts for a significant proportion of food waste in many countries. The focus of this study was twofold: firstly, to investigate the use of carasau bread residue as a sourdough substrate, and secondly, to reuse this sourdough into a new carasau baking process. Selected lactic acid bacteria () and yeast strains ( and ) were used to inoculate three substrates: bread residue (S1), bread residue supplemented with durum wheat middlings (S2), and semolina (S3).

The Role of Stable Anatomical Landmarks in Automated 3D Model Superimposition: A Closer Look.

Objective: To evaluate the concordance of automated 3D superimposition methods applied to digital models, with a focus on methods that consider stable palatal regions as geometric reference landmarks versus those that do not.

Design And Setting: This was a prospective, cross-sectional study using digital model files of patients undergoing orthodontic treatment in a university clinical setting.

Participants: Sixty-one patients were prospectively enrolled and divided into three groups based on the type of orthodontic treatment they received: (20) non-extractive orthodontic treatment without intermaxillary elastics, (21) intermaxillary elastics, and (20) control subjects with no orthodontic movement.

Neonatal Handling Positively Modulates Anxiety, Sensorimotor Gating, Working Memory, and Cortico-Hippocampal Neuroplastic Adaptations in Two Genetically Selected Rat Strains Differing in Emotional and Cognitive Traits.

: The bidirectional selection of the Roman low- (RLA) and Roman high-avoidance (RHA) rat strains for extremely slow vs. very rapid acquisition of the two-way (shuttle-box) avoidance response has generated two divergent phenotypic profiles: RHA rats exhibit a behavioural pattern and gene expression profile in the frontal cortex and hippocampus (HPC) that are relevant to social and attentional/cognitive schizophrenia-linked symptoms; on the other hand, RLA rats display phenotypic traits linked to increased anxiety and sensitivity to stress-induced depression-like behaviours. The present studies aimed to evaluate the enduring and potentially positive effects of neonatal handling-stimulation (NH) on the traits differentiating these two strains of rats.

Understanding MASLD - from molecular pathogenesis to cardiovascular risk: A concise review for the clinical cardiologist.

Background And Aims: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has recently replaced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as the preferred nomenclature, reflecting a shift toward inclusion-based diagnostic criteria rooted in metabolic dysfunction. Beyond its hepatic implications, MASLD has emerged as an independent, modifiable driver of cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Methods: This review summarizes and synthesizes robust epidemiological and mechanistic evidence linking MASLD to cardiovascular outcomes.

The π-trap approach for obtaining crystal structure data of inherently amorphous cluster compounds.

Single crystal diffraction is one of the most common and powerful tools for structural elucidation. However, obtaining single crystals of adequate size and quality is not always trivial. The "crystalline sponge" method has been used for crystallizing intrinsically amorphous compounds inside a metal organic framework,, but its application is limited by the size and stability of the pores within the networks.

Targeting the Alternative Complement Pathway by Iptacopan Abrogates C3 and Strongly Reduces C5b-9 Deposition within Glomeruli in IgA Nephropathy Recurrence after Kidney Transplantation.

Current trials are exploring complement blockade in IgA nephropathy (IgAN) of native kidneys. No data are available on IgAN recurrence. Herein, we report on the first small case series (n = 5) treated with iptacopan, a factor B inhibitor targeting the alternative complement pathway, for this condition, providing biopsy findings after treatment.

Identification and Validation of Novel Combinatorial Genetic Risk Factors for Endometriosis across Multiple UK and US Patient Cohorts.

Background: Endometriosis affects about 10% of women usually of reproductive age. It often has severe negative impacts on patients' quality of life, but the average time to a definitive diagnosis remains 7-9 years, and there are few effective therapeutic options. Relatively little is known about the genetic drivers of the disease even though heritability of the disease is fairly high.

Pregnancy and childbirth in women with thalassemia: past and present.

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Prevalence of lead poisoning among artisanal gold miners in French Guiana in 2022: a multicenter cross-sectional observational survey.

Background: Lead poisoning is a significant public health issue globally. In French Guiana, a French overseas territory in South America, several studies have reported widespread lead exposure in the local population. However, the associated risk factors remain insufficiently understood.

Method for Assessing Numbness and Discomfort in Cyclists' Hands.

Road irregularities generate vibrations that are transmitted to cyclists' hands. This paper describes a purpose-designed laboratory setup and data processing method to assess vibration-induced numbness and discomfort. The rear wheel of a road bike was coupled with a smart trainer for indoor cycling, while the front wheel was supported by a vibrating platform to simulate road-bike interaction.

Type I Sourdough Preservation Strategies and the Contribution of Microbial Biological Resource Centers to Biodiversity Protection: A Narrative Review.

Traditional type I sourdoughs are being rediscovered and increasingly used in artisanal and industrial bakeries due to the unique taste and texture, potential health benefits, and longer shelf life they confer on to baked products. These unique properties are attributed to the diverse microbial communities of sourdough, comprising both yeasts and bacteria. The traditional preservation method for type I sourdough (i.

The role of HLA-G in primary biliary cholangitis and response to therapy.

Introduction: Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a rare autoimmune liver disease involving bile duct damage and fibrosis. This study explores the role of HLA-G, an immunomodulatory molecule crucial for immune tolerance, in PBC pathogenesis and treatment.

Methods: A cohort of 166 PBC patients from Sardinia was compared to 180 healthy controls and 205 autoimmune hepatitis type 1 (AIH-1) patients.

Impact of foot-transmitted vibration on gait metrics, kinematics, and dynamic stability.

Transport operators face increased risks of injuries and falls while walking on a vibrating floor. No standards exist for human exposure to foot-transmitted vibration (FTV). In this study, twenty-one subjects walked on a treadmill constrained on a moving platform used to apply harmonic vibrations in four directions (mediolateral, anteroposterior, roll, and pitch) at four frequencies (0.

Characteristics and causes of recurrent ischemic events in minor ischemic stroke and TIA in the READAPT study.

Background And Purpose: Understanding the causes of recurrent ischemic events in patients with minor stroke or high-risk TIA is crucial to understand unmet needs in secondary prevention. This study examines the characteristics and causes of recurrences after non-cardioembolic minor stroke/high-risk TIA in patients treated with the best medical care.

Methods: This subgroup analysis from a prospective real-world study (READAPT, NCT05476081) included patients with non-cardioembolic minor ischemic stroke (NIHSS ≤5) or TIA (ABCD score ≥ 4), receiving short-term DAPT.

Causal relationships between gut microbiome and hundreds of age-related traits: evidence of a replicable effect on ApoM protein levels.

In the past 20 years, the involvement of gut microbiome in human health has received particular attention, but its contribution to age-related diseases remains unclear. To address this, we performed a comprehensive two-sample Mendelian Randomization investigation, testing 55130 potential causal relationships between 37 traits representing gut microbiome composition and function and age-related phenotypes, including 1472 inflammatory and cardiometabolic circulating plasma proteins from UK Biobank Pharma Proteomic Project and 18 complex traits. A total of 91 causal relationships remained significant after multiple testing correction (false discovery rate -value <0.

Search for Quasiparticle Scattering in the Quark-Gluon Plasma with Jet Splittings in pp and Pb-Pb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV.

The ALICE Collaboration reports measurements of the large relative transverse momentum (k_{T}) component of jet substructure in pp and Pb-Pb collisions at center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02  TeV. Enhancement in the yield of such large-k_{T} emissions in head-on Pb-Pb collisions is predicted to arise from partonic scattering with quasiparticles of the quark-gluon plasma.

Leptin: a gender and obesity-related marker predictive of metabolic comorbidities and therapeutic response to anti-IL-23 biologic drugs in psoriatic patients.

Introduction: Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory skin disorder, frequently associated with comorbidities such as obesity, which can exacerbate its severity and hinder treatment efficacy. Psoriasis pathogenesis involves complex interactions among genetic, environmental, hormonal factors, and is characterized by dysregulated immune responses. In this study, we investigated the relationship between obesity and psoriasis, exploring the impact of circulating levels of adipokines on disease severity, comorbidities, and treatment response to anti-IL-17 and anti-IL-23 biologics.

Tissue factor derived β-hairpin peptides that bind and inhibit FVII activity.

The formation of the Tissue Factor(TF):Factor VII(FVII) complex is a pivotal event that initiates coagulation; targeting this early step allows for the prevention of the subsequent cascade amplification driven by positive feedback loops. For this reason, the TF:FVII complex is attracting increasing interest as a potential therapeutic target for regulating the coagulation cascade in a specific and timely manner. In order to generate TF-mimics capable of inhibiting this protein-protein interaction, we have designed four small cyclic peptides that simulate a TF region containing the two antiparallel β-strands: 106-110 (RVFSY) and 123-128 (EPLYEN).

RETRACTED: Branda et al. Zoonotic Paramyxoviruses: Evolution, Ecology, and Public Health Strategies in a Changing World. 2024, , 1688.

The journal retracts the article "Zoonotic Paramyxoviruses: Evolution, Ecology, and Public Health Strategies in a Changing World" [...

Immune Development in Early Life (IDEaL) longitudinal cohort study protocol: Identifying biomarkers of vaccine responsiveness, respiratory infection, and asthma.

Background: Early-life immune development is a critical factor in predicting the risk of childhood respiratory infections, asthma, and poor vaccine responses. Identifying immune endotypes that predispose children to these conditions could lead to the development of predictive biomarkers and early interventions, potentially improving long-term health outcomes. The IDEaL (Immune Development in Early Life)-Rome prospective pediatric cohort, based at Children's Hospital Bambino Gesù (Rome, Italy), is part of a National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases-supported longitudinal observational study.