The Role of Type 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells in Adenoid Hypertrophy with Allergic Rhinitis Among Children and Related Potential Therapeutic Targets.

Objective: Innate lymphoid cells (ILC) are a heterogeneous group of immune cells implicated in immune diseases. However, their specific roles in adenoid hypertrophy (AH), AH with allergic rhinitis (AH+AR), and AH with otitis media with effusion (AH+OME) remain poorly understood. This study aimed to characterize ILC subsets and their association with immunological profiles in these conditions.

AS2863619 boosts osteogenesis in periodontal ligament stem cells and mitigates inflammatory impairment.

Aim: Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) represent a promising source for the regeneration of periodontal tissues. However, these cells may experience functional alterations during in vitro expansion and culture, as well as under inflammatory conditions. In this study, we investigated AS2863619 (AS), a synthetic small molecule with potential applications in immune disease research, to evaluate its impact on the osteogenic differentiation potential of PDLSCs and to elucidate its underlying mechanisms.

The inhibitory effects of modified HSJZ decoction on NSCLC by regulating regulatory T cells via downregulation of EZH2 and PI3K/AKT pathway.

Ethnopharmacology Revelance: Huangqi Si Jun Zi decoction (HSJZ), a modified traditional Chinese medicine formula, is known to enhance immunity. However, its immunomodulatory effects in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain poorly understood.

Aim Of Study: This study aimed to investigate the anti-tumor potential of HSJZ in NSCLC and elucidate its mechanisms of action.

Cinerols L-R, Anti-inflammatory Meroterpenoids from the Marine Sponge .

Seven new sesquiterpene hydroquinone/quinone (SQ) meroterpenoids, cinerols L-R (-), along with four known analogues (-), were identified from a marine sponge, , collected from the shore of the Xisha Islands in the South China Sea. The structures of - were established by the analysis of NMR, high-resolution MS, and comparison of the experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Cinerol L () is particularly noteworthy, as it features a 5-pyrrolo[1,2a]-benzimidazole moiety modified by an ethyl sulfonate, while cinerols N () and O () possess a unique acetyl-substituted hydroquinone moiety.

Semaphorin 3A Confers Protection against Oxidative Stress-induced Damage in Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells through the Activation of the Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway.

Objectives: The osteogenic potential of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) is crucial for periodontal tissue regeneration. Prolonged and excessive oxidative stress (OS) impairs the osteogenic function of PDLSCs. Recently, Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) has been reported to have multiple roles in bone protection.

Circ-ECH1 May Compete With miR-708-5p to Regulate Ntrk2 in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) affects patients' quality of life. Circular RNAs participated in BPD. However, circ-ECH1's role in BPD has not been reported yet.

Unraveling the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in allergic inflammation: implications for novel therapies.

Allergic diseases like asthma, allergic rhinitis and dermatitis pose a significant global health burden, driving the search for novel therapies. The NLRP3 inflammasome, a key component of the innate immune system, is implicated in various inflammatory diseases. Upon exposure to allergens, NLRP3 undergoes a two-step activation process (priming and assembly) to form active inflammasomes.

Nocardamine mitigates cellular dysfunction induced by oxidative stress in periodontal ligament stem cells.

Background: The role of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) in repairing periodontal destruction is crucial, but their functions can be impaired by excessive oxidative stress (OS). Nocardamine (NOCA), a cyclic siderophore, has been shown to possess anti-cancer and anti-bacterial properties. This study aimed to investigate the protective mechanisms of NOCA against OS-induced cellular dysfunction in PDLSCs.

Arenarialins A-F, Anti-inflammatory Meroterpenoids with Rearranged Skeletons from the Marine Sponge .

Six new sesquiterpene quinone/hydroquinone meroterpenoids, arenarialins A-F (-), were isolated from the marine sponge collected from the South China Sea. Their chemical structures and absolute configurations were determined by HRMS and NMR data analyses coupled with DP4+ and ECD calculations. Arenarialin A () features an unprecedented tetracyclic 6/6/5/6 carbon skeleton, whereas arenarialins B-D (-) possess two rare secomeroterpene scaffolds.

Dysambiol, an Anti-inflammatory Secomeroterpenoid from a sp. Marine Sponge.

An unusual secomeroterpenoid, dysambiol (), was isolated from a sp. marine sponge collected from the South China Sea. Dysambiol features an unprecedented secomeroterpene scaffold with a rare lactone bridge.

The role of dendritic cells in allergic diseases.

Allergic diseases are important diseases that affect many patients worldwide. Over the past few decades, the incidence of allergic diseases has increased significantly due to social development and increased environmental degradation, which has placed a huge economic burden on public health and even led to an increase in mortality. Substantial progress has been made in the understanding of the mechanisms of allergic diseases, and past studies have shown that the occurrence and development of allergic diseases are closely related to changes in the state of the immune system.

Research Advances in the Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis by Probiotics.

Allergic rhinitis (AR) impairs the quality of life of patients and reduces the efficiency of social work, it is an increasingly serious public medical and economic problem in the world. Conventional anti-allergic drugs for the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR) can cause certain side effects, which limit the quality of life of patients. Therefore, it makes sense to look for other forms of treatment.

Dendrobium nobile protects against ovalbumin-induced allergic rhinitis by regulating intestinal flora and suppressing lung inflammation.

Antibiotic exposure-induced dysbiosis of the intestinal flora increases the risk of developing allergic rhinitis. Hence, regulating the balance of intestinal flora may be useful for preventing and treating allergic rhinitis. However, the underlying mechanism is unclear.

Serum Proteomic Analysis by Tandem Mass Tag-Based Quantitative Proteomics in Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a frequent respiratory disorder with an estimated prevalence of 3-6% in the general population. However, the underlying pathophysiology of OSA remains unclear. Recently, proteomic analysis using high-resolution and high-throughput mass spectrometry has been widely used in the field of medical sciences.

Glutaminolysis is required in maintaining immune regulatory functions in B cells.

IL-10-expressing regulatory B cells (B10 cells) are dysfunctional in patients with many immune disorders. The underlying mechanism remains to be further elucidated. Glutamine is an essential nutrient for cell metabolism.

Screening of Anti-Inflammatory Components of Qin Jin Hua Tan Tang by a Multivariate Statistical Analysis Approach for Spectrum-Effect Relationships.

Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang (QJHTT) exerts therapeutic effects in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by alleviating inflammation. However, the anti-inflammatory components of QJHTT have not yet been reported. Our study aimed to screen the active anti-inflammatory components of QJHTT using a multivariate statistical analysis approach for spectrum-effect relationships.

Dust-mite-derived protein disulfide isomerase suppresses airway allergy by inducing tolerogenic dendritic cells.

House dust mites (HDMs) are a potent allergen source that are commonly found in human living environments. While HDMs are known to induce allergic diseases in humans, such as asthma, its other biological activities related to human health are less understood. Our laboratory recently purified the HDM protein PDI (protein disulfide isomerase).

Knockdown of miR-203a-3p alleviates the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia partly via the up-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor A.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is characterized by impaired vascular and alveolar development, and the underlying molecular mechanisms have remained elusive. MicroRNAs are important players in various biological functions including the pathogenesis of BPD. The present study aimed to examine the expression of miR-203a-3p in the peripheral blood of BPD patients and elucidate the mechanisms underlying miR-203a-3p-mediated progression of BPD.

Cold stress promotes IL-33 expression in intestinal epithelial cells to facilitate food allergy development.

Background: The causative factors and pathogenesis of food allergy (FA) is not fully understood yet. Cold stress (CS) occurs frequently in human life that influences physiological activities in the body. In this study, we aimed to investigate the chronic CS (CS) effects on promoting the expression of IL-33 in intestinal epithelial cells.

Yan-Hou-Qing formula attenuates ammonia-induced acute pharyngitis in rats via inhibition of NF-κB and COX-2.

Background: Yan Hou Qing (YHQ) is a Chinese medicinal formula designed to alleviate sore throat symptoms, but underlying mechanism of YHQ treatment for pharyngitis is poorly defined up to now.

Methods: In this study, the modulation of YHQ on pharyngitis is investigated in ammonia-induced acute pharyngitis rat models. After treatment with YHQ or dexamethasone respectively for five consecutive days, all rats were sacrificed for biomolecular and histopathologic study.

Insights into the expression profiles and functions of circRNAs in a newborn hyperoxia-induced rat bronchopulmonary dysplasia model.

Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a severe chronic lung disease in preterm infants. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are key regulators of various biological processes. The present study aimed to explore the biological roles of circRNAs in BPD pathogenesis.

Der p2‑A20 DNA vaccine attenuates allergic inflammation in mice with allergic rhinitis.

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common disease that requires more convenient, safe and effective antigen‑specific immunotherapies. The present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of intranasal administration of a eukaryotic expression vector co‑expressing Der p2 and A20 protein (pVAX1‑Der p2‑A20) on mice with allergic rhinitis. The pVAX1‑Der p2‑A20 vaccine was prepared and encapsulated into poly(L‑lactide‑co‑glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles.

A20 Restores Impaired Intestinal Permeability and Inhibits Th2 Response in Mice with Colitis.

Background/aims: The etiology of inflammatory bowel disease is multifactorial and still obscure. The protective role of ubiquitin E3 ligase A20 (A20) in colitis needs to be further elucidated. This study aimed to investigate whether A20 exogenous administration restored impaired intestinal permeability and inhibited T helper (Th)2 response in mice with colitis.