Downregulation of due to loss of TDP-43 function exacerbates motor neuron degeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) is of particular interest in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). It has been speculated that loss of nuclear TDP-43 and its cytoplasmic aggregation contributes to neurodegeneration. Although considerable attention has been paid to RNA metabolism in TDP-43 function, TDP-43 is also known to act as a transcription factor.

Truncation mutation of CHMP2B disrupts late endosome function but reduces TDP-43 aggregation through HSP70 upregulation.

TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43)-positive cytoplasmic aggregation is a pathological hallmark of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). This aggregation contributes substantially to the neurodegeneration of ALS and FTLD. The endosome, a key component of membrane trafficking in eukaryotic cells and is involved in the autophagy-lysosome pathway.

Non-human primate seasonal transcriptome atlas reveals seasonal changes in physiology and diseases.

The metabolic, immune, and endocrine systems show profound seasonal changes in animals, including humans. In addition, morbidity from cardiovascular and psychiatric diseases is more severe and mortality rate is higher in winter. However, their molecular mechanisms remain unknown.

Gut dysbiosis induced by a high-salt diet aggravates atherosclerosis by increasing the absorption of saturated fatty acids in ApoE-deficient mice.

Excessive salt intake has been associated with gut dysbiosis and increased cardiovascular risk. This study investigates the role of gut dysbiosis induced by a high-salt diet in the progression of atherosclerosis in ApoE-deficient mice. Sixteen-week-old male ApoE-deficient mice were fed either a high-fat, high-sucrose diet or high-fat, high-sucrose diet supplemented with 4% NaCl for eight weeks.

[Symptomatic narcolepsy type 2 in a patient with AQP4-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder].

A 63-year-old woman, previously diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) and treated with IFNβ-1b, developed asymptomatic lesion expansion surrounding the thalamus and basal ganglia. However, an AQP4 autoantibody ELISA was negative. The patient was subsequently hospitalized due to drowsiness, lethargy, and difficulty in managing housework.

Non-inferiority of sodium zirconium cyclosilicate versus potassium-restricted diet in achieving normokalaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: protocol for a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled, two-arm clinical trial (SILVERSTAR study).

Background: To effectively manage the progression of diabetic kidney disease, it is essential to address the associated hyperkalaemia while concurrently using renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. In this study, we aim to evaluate the effects of administering sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC) to patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated by hyperkalaemia.

Methods And Analysis: A total of 80 patients with type 2 diabetes and hyperkalaemia will be included in the study and randomly stratified into two groups.

Crucial role of early addition of Wickerhamiella versatilis in enhancing aroma formation during soy sauce fermentation.

In modern Japanese soy sauce production, sealed outdoor fermentation tanks are used to ferment moromi with halotolerant starter cultures: the lactic acid bacterium Tetragenococcus halophilus and yeasts Wickerhamiella versatilis and Zygosaccharomyces rouxii. T. halophilus and W.

The role of circadian clock gene Arntl in the winter depression-like behavior in melatonin-proficient female CBA/N mice.

Seasonal affective disorder (SAD), also known as winter depression, is a subtype of depression typically manifesting in winter. Typical symptoms of SAD, such as an increased need for sleep and carbohydrate cravings associated with increased appetite and weight, are distinct from those of major depression, and the underlying mechanisms of SAD remain unclear. Although laboratory mice are generally considered non-seasonal animals, we observed depression-like behaviors in melatonin-proficient female CBA/N mice maintained under winter-mimicking conditions.

Synthesis and preclinical testing of a selective beta-subtype agonist of thyroid hormone receptor ZTA-261.

Background: Thyroid hormones (TH) regulate the basal metabolic rate through their receptors THRα and THRβ. TH activates lipid metabolism via THRβ, however, an excess amount of TH can lead to tachycardia, bone loss, and muscle wasting through THRα. In recent years, TH analogs that selectively bind to THRβ have gained attention as new agents for treating dyslipidemia and obesity, which continue to pose major challenges to public health worldwide.

Octahedral Hexanuclear Rhenium Cluster Dimers Bridged by Pyrazine or 4,4'-Bipyridine with 23- and 24-Electron Configurations.

New pyrazine (pz)- and 4,4'-bipyridine (4,4'-bpy)-bridged octahedral hexanuclear rhenium(III) cluster dimers, [{Re(μ-S)Cl}(μ-L)] (L = pz, []; L = 4,4'-bpy, []), with 2 × 24 d-electrons {Re(24e)} were obtained in a single-step reaction via photoirradiation of [Re(μ-S)Cl] with L in a 2:1 ratio at room temperature. The {Re(23e)} dimers, [{Re(μ-S)Cl}(μ-L)] (L = pz, []; L = 4,4'-bpy, []), were synthesized through two-electron oxidation of [] and [], respectively. The single-crystal X-ray structures of [] and [] were determined, revealing structural distortion of the Re core of [] due to the Jahn-Teller effect.

STR mutations on chromosome 15q cause thyrotropin resistance by activating a primate-specific enhancer of MIR7-2/MIR1179.

Thyrotropin (TSH) is the master regulator of thyroid gland growth and function. Resistance to TSH (RTSH) describes conditions with reduced sensitivity to TSH. Dominantly inherited RTSH has been linked to a locus on chromosome 15q, but its genetic basis has remained elusive.

A transcriptional program underlying the circannual rhythms of gonadal development in medaka.

To cope with seasonal environmental changes, organisms have evolved approximately 1-y endogenous circannual clocks. These circannual clocks regulate various physiological properties and behaviors such as reproduction, hibernation, migration, and molting, thus providing organisms with adaptive advantages. Although several hypotheses have been proposed, the genes that regulate circannual rhythms and the underlying mechanisms controlling long-term circannual clocks remain unknown in any organism.

Luminescence Color and Intensity Changes of Nitridorhenium(V) Complexes Induced by Protonation/Deprotonation on the Bidentate Azolylpyridine Ligands.

Tricyanidonitridorhenium(V) complexes with azolylpyridines, namely, [ReN(CN)(H-N2py)] (, H-N2py = 2-(3-pyrazolyl)pyridine) and [ReN(CN)(L)] (, L = 2-[1,2,3]-triazol-4-yl-pyridine anion (N3py), and , that is, L = 2-(tetrazol-5-yl)-pyridine anion (N4py)), were newly synthesized and characterized. The structures of the new complexes were determined by single-crystal X-ray analysis. The complex includes two geometrical isomers in which an isomer is the conformation with the pyridyl (py) and pyrazolyl (pyrz) moieties of H-N2py occupying the site to the nitrido (the ax site) and the site to the cyanido (the eq site), respectively, in a bidentate fashion; the other isomer is the py and pyrz moieties coordinated to the eq and ax sites.

Orphan nuclear receptor nr4a1 regulates winter depression-like behavior in medaka.

About 10% of the population suffers from depression in winter at high latitude. Although it has become a serious public health issue, its underlying mechanism remains unknown and new treatments and therapies are required. As an adaptive strategy, many animals also exhibit depression-like behavior in winter.

Variation in responses to photoperiods and temperatures in Japanese medaka from different latitudes.

Seasonal changes are more robust and dynamic at higher latitudes than at lower latitudes, and animals sense seasonal changes in the environment and alter their physiology and behavior to better adapt to harsh winter conditions. However, the genetic basis for sensing seasonal changes, including the photoperiod and temperature, remains unclear. Medaka (Oryzias latipes species complex), widely distributed from subtropical to cool-temperate regions throughout the Japanese archipelago, provides an excellent model to tackle this subject.

Changes in glycemic control and skeletal muscle mass indices after dapagliflozin treatment in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Aims/introduction: Dapagliflozin is used for individuals with type 1 diabetes, although the effect of this medication on skeletal muscle mass is not well established. In addition, there are few studies examining the effects of good glycemic control on skeletal muscle mass in type 1 diabetes patients. We investigated changes in glycemic control and skeletal muscle mass with dapagliflozin in individuals with type 1 diabetes, and the association between these changes.

Mimicking seasonal changes in light-dark cycle and ambient temperature modulates gut microbiome in mice under the same dietary regimen.

To better adapt to seasonal environmental changes, physiological processes and behaviors are regulated seasonally. The gut microbiome interacts with the physiology, behavior, and even the diseases of host animals, including humans and livestock. Seasonal changes in gut microbiome composition have been reported in several species under natural environments.

Impact of continued high blood pressure on the progression of diabetic nephropathy after 10 years: KAMOGAWA-HBP study.

Albuminuria is a prognostic marker of worsening renal outcomes in people with hypertension and type 2 diabetes. High home systolic blood pressure is associated with the development of diabetic nephropathy. We assessed the impact of chronic high home blood pressure on diabetic nephropathy progression 10 years after study entry.

Effect to Therapy of Sodium-Iodine Symporter Expression by Alpha-Ray Therapeutic Agent via Sodium/Iodine Symporter.

This study confirmed the effect of sodium/iodine symporter (NIS) expression on existing drugs by in vitro and in vivo tests using cultured cell lines. The tumor growth inhibitory effect of sodium astatide ([At]NaAt) was evaluated by in vitro and in vivo tests using human thyroid cancer cells (K1, K1/NIS and K1/NIS-DOX). NIS expression in cancer cells was controlled using the Tet-On system.