Feasibility and clinical and implementation effectiveness of an adapted early warning signs and symptoms intervention for the early detection of childhood cancer in Cameroon and Kenya: protocol for a quasi-experimental, hybrid type 2 implementation effectiveness study.

Introduction: Childhood cancer accounts for a significant proportion of global childhood mortality, especially in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Unlike many adult malignancies, primary prevention of childhood cancers is not possible. Improving survival requires a two-pronged strategy: earlier diagnosis and effective treatment.

Role of race and ethnicity in survival among children/young adults with relapsed ALL: a Children's Oncology Group report.

Pediatric Hispanic and Black patients with newly diagnosed B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) experience worse overall survival (OS). We hypothesized that differential outcomes by race and ethnicity following relapse may contribute to disparities. We examined 2,053 patients with ALL enrolled on frontline Children's Oncology Group trials from 1996-2014 who relapsed.

Blinatumomab Administration in Pediatric B-Lineage ALL: Expert Recommendations From the Children's Oncology Group.

Background: The addition of blinatumomab to chemotherapy is the new standard of care for most pediatric patients with B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), and its use has increased rapidly. Administering blinatumomab to pediatric patients is associated with a spectrum of unique challenges, resulting in variable practices across institutions.

Objectives: This article presents expert recommendations for blinatumomab administration in patients with pediatric B-ALL.

Validity of using general and cancer-specific health administrative data to identify treatment exposures in adolescents and young adults with cancer: A population-based study using the IMPACT cohort.

Introduction: Cancer treatment details (i.e., radiation site, chemotherapy dose) are required to conduct rigorous health services research but are difficult to obtain from administrative data.

Impact of Genetic Ancestry on Genomics and Survival Outcomes in T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Unlabelled: The influence of genetic ancestry on genomics in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) has not been fully explored. We examined the impact of genetic ancestry on multiomic alterations, survival outcomes, and risk stratification. Among 1,309 children and young adults with T-ALL treated on the Children's Oncology Group trial AALL0434, the prognostic value of five commonly altered T-ALL genes varied by ancestry-including NOTCH1, which was associated with superior overall survival for patients of European ancestry but was nonprognostic among patients of African ancestry.

Cancer Incidence and Epidemiological Trends in Punjab: A Population-Based Registry Analysis for State-Level Health Policy.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze cancer incidence and mortality patterns based on population-based cancer registry data for a defined region in Punjab, India, covering the period from January 2012 to December 2016.

Materials And Methods: Active hospital and laboratory surveillance and community health worker monitoring identified cases, which were validated using CanReg5 for accuracy. We determined age-adjusted incidence rates (AARs) together with crude rates (CRs) and mortality-to-incidence ratios (M/I %).

Patient-Reported Symptoms and Mental Health Event Risks in Adolescents and Young Adults With Cancer.

Introduction: Adolescents and young adults (AYA) with cancer are at risk of adverse mental health outcomes during and after treatment. Tools identifying AYA at the highest risk would guide screening and interventions. We determined whether self-reported symptoms following cancer diagnosis were associated with early and late severe mental health events (SMHEs).

Complex regional pain syndrome in an adolescent with conservative treatment of a scaphoid distal pole fracture.

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a rare, chronic neuropathic pain disorder, particularly uncommon in adolescent populations and rarely associated with scaphoid fractures. We present the case of a 16-year-old female who developed CRPS following a minimally displaced scaphoid fracture treated conservatively with immobilization. The patient experienced persistent pain, hyperalgesia, trophic changes, and diffuse osteopenia, consistent with CRPS.

A New Approach to Population Growth Model Involving a Logistic Differential Equation of Fractional Order.

Population growth and its consequences remain one of the most pressing challenges of our time. The study of population dynamics, including factors like resource availability, disease, and environmental constraints, is fundamental for planning in various domains such as ecology, economics, and public health. One of the earliest models proposed to explain population growth was by Thomas Robert Malthus in the late 18th century.

Guar gum succinate: Dry synthesis, characterization and application as an efficient adsorbent for removal of safranin-O dye.

The development of novel biopolymer derivatives is an emerging approach for remediation of toxic dye contaminated water. During current study guar gum succinate (GGS) was synthesized under dry condition without employing solvents and bases. An equi-proportion mixture of guar gum and succinic anhydride under heat treatment (120 °C, 40 min) resulted in highest degree of substitution (1.

World health Organization's guidance for tracking non-communicable diseases towards sustainable development goals 3.4: an initiative for facility-based monitoring.

Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) account for over 60% of annual global deaths, disproportionately affecting low- and middle-income countries. This trend undermines progress toward Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3.4, which seeks to reduce premature mortality from NCDs by one-third by 2030.

Healthcare utilization among survivors of childhood and adolescent cancer: a population-based study.

Introduction: Survivors of childhood and adolescent cancers are at increased risk for late effects. Few studies have investigated if this translates into increased healthcare utilization during survivorship. We compared rates of healthcare utilization between survivors of childhood and adolescent cancer and matched cancer-free controls.

Quantitative bead-based multiplex assay for simultaneous determination of IgG concentrations of pertussis toxin, filamentous hemagglutinin, pertactin, diphtheria, tetanus, Haemophilus influenzae b, and hepatitis B in human serum samples.

Background: Multiplex serological assays provide opportunities for seroprevalence studies and for evaluating antibodies post-vaccination. In this report, we describe the development and validation of a seven-plex bead-based assay for quantifying human immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against pertussis toxin (PT), filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA), pertactin (PRN), diphtheria toxoid (DT), tetanus toxoid (TT), Haemophilus influenzae b (Hib), and hepatitis B (Hep B) using international reference standards.

Methods: Existing international human reference sera standards are tailored for monoplex assays and, therefore, require characterization for multiplex assays.

Pulmonary toxicity in children, adolescents, and young adults with testicular germ cell tumors: A population-based retrospective matched cohort study.

While testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) are highly curable, survivors experience toxicities. Pulmonary outcomes post-TGCT are not well understood, particularly among children, adolescents, and young adults (CAYA). Using provincial cancer registries, we identified all CAYA (aged 11-21 years) diagnosed with a TGCT from 1992 to 2021 in Ontario, Canada, and matched them (1:5) to general population males (controls).

Hierarchically Structured Vitrimer Biocomposites for Sustainable Manufacturing.

Polymers containing dynamic covalent bonds (DCBs) exhibit thermoplastic-like flow above their topology freezing temperature (T) while maintaining thermoset-like properties below it, making them promising for sustainable manufacturing. However, their large-scale adoption remains limited due to challenges in accurately determining T and achieving efficient fiber-matrix bonding in composite applications. Here, hierarchically structured epoxy-anhydride-based polyester vitrimer composites reinforced with cellulosic filaments is demonstrated, where hydroxyl groups on fiber surfaces participate directly in transesterification with the matrix.

Impact of Genetic Ancestry on Genomics and Survival Outcomes in T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

The influence of genetic ancestry on genomics in T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (T-ALL) has not been fully explored. We examined the impact of genetic ancestry on multi-omic alterations, survival outcomes, and risk stratification. Among 1309 children and young adults with T-ALL treated on the Children's Oncology Group trial AALL0434, the prognostic value of five commonly altered T-ALL genes varied by ancestry-including NOTCH1, which was associated with superior overall survival for patients of European ancestry but non-prognostic among patients of African ancestry.

Race, Income, and Insurance Status Are Associated with Increased Time to Initial Outpatient Evaluation of Fracture Patients.

Background: Social determinants of health (SDOH) are conditions in the environments where people are born, live, learn, work, play, and worship that affect a wide range of health and quality of life outcomes. While SDOH have been shown to have a significant effect on outcomes and access to care for many orthopaedic conditions, their effect on pediatric orthopaedic care is less well established. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of race, income, parental employment status and education level, and type of insurance, on time to initial evaluation of pediatric fracture patients in an orthopaedic clinic.

Long-Term Projections of Childhood Cancer Incidence and Prevalence in Ontario, Canada Until 2040.

Background: The prevalence of childhood cancer continues to rise due to increases in cancer incidence and advances in treatment, leading to better survival. We generated epidemiologic projections for childhood cancer, by cancer type, in Ontario, Canada, until 2040.

Methods: We used the Pediatric Oncology Microsimulation Model for Prevalence (POSIM-Prev) to simulate incident and prevalent cases of childhood cancer across historical (1970-2019) and future (2020-2040) time periods.

Management of postinfective pathological hip dislocation with absent capital femoral epiphysis in young children: a long-term follow-up study.

Level IV - therapeutic study.

Real-World Efficacy and Safety of Cuticapil Stem Hair Serum as an Add-On to Minoxidil in Androgenetic Alopecia: A Prospective Observational Study.

Background: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a common age-related hair loss condition influenced by genetics and androgen activity.

Aim: This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of Cuticapil Stem Hair Serum in improving hair loss in AGA patients.

Method: This multicenter, prospective, observational study assessed the real-world efficacy and safety of Cuticapil Stem Hair Serum in patients with androgenetic alopecia.

Outcomes after solid organ transplantation in survivors of childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancer: a population-based study.

Background: Cancer treatment can lead to organ toxicity requiring solid organ transplant. Transplant teams must evaluate the appropriateness of solid organ transplant in survivors of childhood or adolescent and young adult cancer.

Methods: Children treated at a provincial (Ontario, Canada) pediatric center for any cancer between 1986 and 2021 and adolescent and young adult (aged 15-21 years) treated in an adult center for 5 common cancer types between 1992 and 2012 were identified using population-based databases.

Correlation Between Socioeconomic Status and Brace Compliance in Idiopathic Clubfoot Deformities.

Background: Congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV), or clubfoot, is one of the most common foot deformities seen at birth. The Ponseti technique is the most common method to treat clubfoot and consists of gentle manipulation with serial casting, a percutaneous Achilles tendon tenotomy, and bracing for the first few years of life. The purpose of this study was to determine whether socioeconomic factors influence compliance with clubfoot bracing for families with infants who have idiopathic clubfoot treated by the Ponseti method.

Attitudes Toward COVID-19 Vaccination Among Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Patients and Their Caregivers.

The COVID-19 vaccine is indicated for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), yet patients and caregivers may have unique questions and concerns about vaccination. We surveyed children with ALL or their caregivers (N = 44) to understand factors contributing to the decision to vaccinate and identify cues to vaccination tailored to this population. For caregivers of unvaccinated ALL patients, lack of knowledge about the COVID-19 vaccine and concerns about vaccine safety and efficacy were the most reported barriers to vaccination.